What is Islam.ppt
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Islam began in the 7th century AD in Mecca under the prophet Muhammad. It is a monotheistic religion that believes in one God, Allah. When Muhammad began preaching his message of monotheism, he gained many followers but also faced opposition from Meccans who worshipped many gods. Muhammad and his followers then migrated to Medina and later conquered Mecca, establishing it as the holiest city in Islam. The religion expanded rapidly under the rule of caliphs and through military conquest, establishing a vast empire across North Africa, the Middle East and parts of Europe. Islam split into the two main sects of Sunni and Shia after disagreements over leadership succession following Muhammad's death. Today it
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Islamic Religion
The document provides an overview of the key aspects of the Islamic religion, including its origins in Saudi Arabia under the prophet Muhammad, the holy book of the Quran, and the five pillars of faith. It discusses the two main sects of Islam - Sunni and Shi'a - and the rapid spread of the religion from the 7th century through conquest and trade, establishing large empires from India to Spain within 100 years. However, political unity was short-lived as divisions emerged over leadership of the Muslim world.
Rise of islam
The document provides an overview of the origins and spread of the three Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It discusses how Judaism emerged among the Hebrews in Mesopotamia and their migration to Canaan under Abraham. Christianity developed from Judaism based on the teachings of Jesus Christ. Islam emerged in the 7th century AD in Mecca under the prophet Muhammad, incorporating aspects of both earlier faiths. It then spread rapidly through the Middle East, Africa, and Asia in the following centuries through Muslim trade networks and military conquests.
the concept of islamic and civilizationn
The document summarizes the origins and early spread of Islam. It describes:
- Pre-Islamic Arabia which was divided into tribes and lacked strong political entities. The Kaaba shrine in Mecca was an important pilgrimage site.
- The life and teachings of the prophet Muhammad who received revelations from God and promoted strict monotheism and social justice. He migrated to Medina and his followers rapidly converted many Arab tribes.
- The five pillars of Islam that unified believers - profession of faith, prayer, almsgiving, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca.
- How the early Islamic state expanded rapidly under the first four caliphs, motivated by jihad
Islam and West Africa Lesson 1 - Religion (Islam)
The traders bring new ideas from their homeland to share with the farmer and villagers. Some of these ideas may include the monotheistic religion of Islam, which began in Mecca under the prophet Muhammad. Islam's core beliefs are documented in the Quran and include five pillars such as prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage. Within 100 years of Muhammad's death, the Islamic empire expanded across the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain through both conquest and peaceful trade, establishing Islam as the dominant religion in those regions.
Chapter 9 world of islam: Afro-Eurasian connections, Ways of the World book
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The document summarizes key aspects of Islam:
1) Mohammed was convinced he was chosen by God to spread monotheism and received revelations from Angel Gabriel, founding the religion of Islam which united Arab people.
2) Islam's core beliefs include submission to Allah as the one God, Mohammed as the final prophet, and the Quran as the holy book containing God's revelations to Mohammed.
3) The five pillars of Islam are the Muslim creed, daily prayers, almsgiving, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime if able.
Module Three Notes Presentation
The document provides information on Islamic civilization, including the life and teachings of Muhammad, the major tenets of Islam, and the expansion and impact of Islam. It discusses Muhammad receiving revelations from God and establishing the religion of Islam. The two main branches of Islam, Sunni and Shiite, developed after Muhammad's death. Under Arab rule, the Islamic empire expanded across northern Africa and into Spain. The Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties ruled large Islamic caliphates during periods of cultural and economic prosperity, though divisions emerged over time.
UnderstandingIslamforweb.ppt
single volume abridgement of the completed series.
ANAND CHANDAVARKAR
Washington, DC
DAVID HARDIMAN, The Coming of the Devi: Adivasi Assertion in Western
India, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1987, pp. xii + 248, Rs. 140.
The Coming of the Devi is a study of a popular movement centred on a
goddess which arose amongst the Adivasis of south Gujarat in the 1920s.
David Hardiman, a member of the Subaltern Studies group, aims to show
the Adivasis as subjects of their own history, not as backward ’tribals’ who
are objects of a history forged by ’superior’ others. In this aim, his book
succeeds admirably and throughout a carefully researched and clearly
written text, the Adivasis remain in the centre of the stage. This probably owes quite a lot to Hardiman’s research method, for in addition to archival
work, he also spent considerable time visiting villages where the goddess
cult had flourished and interviewing elderly Adivasis about their recollec-
tions.
After the introduction. Hardiman traces the complicated story of the
origin and transformation of the Devi, trom a traditional smallpox goddess
to a force for social reform, and then describes her cult, which was plainly
continuous with alreadv existing religious beliefs and practices. Manv
Adivasis took the view that the Devi was just another divine bemg to be
propitiated, but many others saw her as calling them to a new way of life.
Why this was so is a question investigated by looking at the social, political
and economic context of the Adivasis in south Gujarat. First, their rela
tionship with the state, and the relatively egalitarian social structure and
culture of the Adivasis are discussed. We then learn, in a convincing
analysis, about their connection with two important categories of out-
siders, the shahukars or moneylenders and traders, and the Parsi liquor
dealers. The shahukars, mainly high-caste Vaniyas resident in towns, had
long existed in the region. Very many Adivasis were completely dependent
upon the shahukars for loans to see them through the year and were
perrnanently indebted. Nonetheless, the Adivasis did not generally see the
shahukars as naked exploiters, but rather as benevolent elders on whom
they could always rely. Attitudes to the Parsi liquor dealers, on the other
hand, were very different, at least by the end of the nineteenth century.
Adivasis were considerable consumers of alcoholic drink, toddy and dis-
tilled liquor. They manufactured much of it themselves, but there were
also numerous Parsi dealers in their villages. After 1860, following the
land settlement and the imposition of land tax, Parsis began to acquire single volume abridgement of the completed series.
ANAND CHANDAVARKAR
Washington, DC
DAVID HARDIMAN, The Coming of the Devi: Adivasi Assertion in Western
India, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1987, pp. xii + 248, Rs. 140.
The Coming of the Devi is a study of a popular movement centred on a
goddess which arose amongst the Adivasis of south Gujarat in the
Recommended
Islamic Religion
The document provides an overview of the key aspects of the Islamic religion, including its origins in Saudi Arabia under the prophet Muhammad, the holy book of the Quran, and the five pillars of faith. It discusses the two main sects of Islam - Sunni and Shi'a - and the rapid spread of the religion from the 7th century through conquest and trade, establishing large empires from India to Spain within 100 years. However, political unity was short-lived as divisions emerged over leadership of the Muslim world.
Rise of islam
The document provides an overview of the origins and spread of the three Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It discusses how Judaism emerged among the Hebrews in Mesopotamia and their migration to Canaan under Abraham. Christianity developed from Judaism based on the teachings of Jesus Christ. Islam emerged in the 7th century AD in Mecca under the prophet Muhammad, incorporating aspects of both earlier faiths. It then spread rapidly through the Middle East, Africa, and Asia in the following centuries through Muslim trade networks and military conquests.
the concept of islamic and civilizationn
The document summarizes the origins and early spread of Islam. It describes:
- Pre-Islamic Arabia which was divided into tribes and lacked strong political entities. The Kaaba shrine in Mecca was an important pilgrimage site.
- The life and teachings of the prophet Muhammad who received revelations from God and promoted strict monotheism and social justice. He migrated to Medina and his followers rapidly converted many Arab tribes.
- The five pillars of Islam that unified believers - profession of faith, prayer, almsgiving, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca.
- How the early Islamic state expanded rapidly under the first four caliphs, motivated by jihad
Islam and West Africa Lesson 1 - Religion (Islam)
The traders bring new ideas from their homeland to share with the farmer and villagers. Some of these ideas may include the monotheistic religion of Islam, which began in Mecca under the prophet Muhammad. Islam's core beliefs are documented in the Quran and include five pillars such as prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage. Within 100 years of Muhammad's death, the Islamic empire expanded across the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain through both conquest and peaceful trade, establishing Islam as the dominant religion in those regions.
Chapter 9 world of islam: Afro-Eurasian connections, Ways of the World book
AP World History Book, Ways of the World, Second Edition by Robert W. Strayer, Summary of Chapter 11: The Worlds of Islam 600-1500. An age of Accelerating Connections. Study and Enjoy!
Islam notes
The document summarizes key aspects of Islam:
1) Mohammed was convinced he was chosen by God to spread monotheism and received revelations from Angel Gabriel, founding the religion of Islam which united Arab people.
2) Islam's core beliefs include submission to Allah as the one God, Mohammed as the final prophet, and the Quran as the holy book containing God's revelations to Mohammed.
3) The five pillars of Islam are the Muslim creed, daily prayers, almsgiving, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime if able.
Module Three Notes Presentation
The document provides information on Islamic civilization, including the life and teachings of Muhammad, the major tenets of Islam, and the expansion and impact of Islam. It discusses Muhammad receiving revelations from God and establishing the religion of Islam. The two main branches of Islam, Sunni and Shiite, developed after Muhammad's death. Under Arab rule, the Islamic empire expanded across northern Africa and into Spain. The Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties ruled large Islamic caliphates during periods of cultural and economic prosperity, though divisions emerged over time.
UnderstandingIslamforweb.ppt
single volume abridgement of the completed series.
ANAND CHANDAVARKAR
Washington, DC
DAVID HARDIMAN, The Coming of the Devi: Adivasi Assertion in Western
India, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1987, pp. xii + 248, Rs. 140.
The Coming of the Devi is a study of a popular movement centred on a
goddess which arose amongst the Adivasis of south Gujarat in the 1920s.
David Hardiman, a member of the Subaltern Studies group, aims to show
the Adivasis as subjects of their own history, not as backward ’tribals’ who
are objects of a history forged by ’superior’ others. In this aim, his book
succeeds admirably and throughout a carefully researched and clearly
written text, the Adivasis remain in the centre of the stage. This probably owes quite a lot to Hardiman’s research method, for in addition to archival
work, he also spent considerable time visiting villages where the goddess
cult had flourished and interviewing elderly Adivasis about their recollec-
tions.
After the introduction. Hardiman traces the complicated story of the
origin and transformation of the Devi, trom a traditional smallpox goddess
to a force for social reform, and then describes her cult, which was plainly
continuous with alreadv existing religious beliefs and practices. Manv
Adivasis took the view that the Devi was just another divine bemg to be
propitiated, but many others saw her as calling them to a new way of life.
Why this was so is a question investigated by looking at the social, political
and economic context of the Adivasis in south Gujarat. First, their rela
tionship with the state, and the relatively egalitarian social structure and
culture of the Adivasis are discussed. We then learn, in a convincing
analysis, about their connection with two important categories of out-
siders, the shahukars or moneylenders and traders, and the Parsi liquor
dealers. The shahukars, mainly high-caste Vaniyas resident in towns, had
long existed in the region. Very many Adivasis were completely dependent
upon the shahukars for loans to see them through the year and were
perrnanently indebted. Nonetheless, the Adivasis did not generally see the
shahukars as naked exploiters, but rather as benevolent elders on whom
they could always rely. Attitudes to the Parsi liquor dealers, on the other
hand, were very different, at least by the end of the nineteenth century.
Adivasis were considerable consumers of alcoholic drink, toddy and dis-
tilled liquor. They manufactured much of it themselves, but there were
also numerous Parsi dealers in their villages. After 1860, following the
land settlement and the imposition of land tax, Parsis began to acquire single volume abridgement of the completed series.
ANAND CHANDAVARKAR
Washington, DC
DAVID HARDIMAN, The Coming of the Devi: Adivasi Assertion in Western
India, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1987, pp. xii + 248, Rs. 140.
The Coming of the Devi is a study of a popular movement centred on a
goddess which arose amongst the Adivasis of south Gujarat in the
Islam
Islam is an Abrahamic religion that believes in the Judeo-Christian God called Allah. It originated in the 7th century CE with the revelations received by the prophet Muhammad. The five pillars of Islam are the profession of faith, daily prayers, almsgiving, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca. Islam spread rapidly through trade routes and military conquests, and it is now one of the largest religions in the world.
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The document discusses the origins and foundations of Islam. It begins by summarizing the geographic distribution of Islam in the Middle East, Iberian Peninsula, and Northern Africa. It then outlines the story of the prophet Muhammad and the establishment of the five pillars of Islam. The five pillars are the core beliefs and practices in Islam. The document also briefly describes the two main denominations, Sunni and Shia Islam, and their distribution. It provides information on mosques as places of worship, Mecca as a sacred site, and religious leaders like imams and ayatollahs. Finally, it summarizes the internal conflict that arose after Muhammad's death and the division of the Islamic empire into the Sunni and Sh
The Muslim World
The document discusses the origins and spread of Islam through the Arab Empire. It describes how Muhammad received revelations from God and established the religion of Islam. The five pillars of Islam were developed based on these revelations, establishing monotheistic worship of Allah. Islamic law, or sharia, was developed to apply the teachings of the Quran to all aspects of daily life. The Arab Empire expanded and Islamic civilization flourished, contributing scientific and cultural achievements.
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Here are a few thoughts on your journal entry:
All groups have extremes that can be dangerous if their views promote harming others. However, it is unfair and factually incorrect to characterize an entire religion or group based on its extremes. The vast majority of religious adherents of all faiths practice their beliefs peacefully.
It is important to separate dangerous actions from beliefs. While certain actions that harm people should be condemned and prevented, beliefs alone do not necessarily indicate danger. People of all backgrounds are equally capable of both violence and peace.
Rather than make blanket judgments, it is best to evaluate individuals and groups based on their specific words and deeds. Promoting understanding between all people usually helps reduce tensions more than generalized fears
Rise of islam
The document summarizes the rise of Islam. It describes how the religion was founded in 610 AD by the prophet Muhammad in Mecca and spread across the Arabian Peninsula and beyond through military conquests under the first four caliphs. The Muslim empire grew rapidly to span over 6000 miles due to factors like disciplined armies and allowing conquered peoples to keep their faith if they paid a tax. However, internal divisions later emerged between the Sunni and Shia over who should lead the Muslim community after Muhammad.
Chapter 6 – Emergence of the Islamic World
The document provides an overview of the emergence of Islam beginning with Muhammad receiving visions in the 600s CE encouraging the worship of one God, Allah. Muhammad began spreading the teachings of Islam from Mecca to Medina, gaining followers. Key beliefs of Islam included submission to Allah, following the teachings in the Quran, and establishing a legal system called sharia. After Muhammad's death, caliphs led the Muslim community and empire expanded rapidly across North Africa and into Spain. Over time divisions emerged between Sunni and Shia Muslims over religious leadership. Islam played a major role in increasing trade and cultural contacts across Afro-Eurasia.
Chapter 6 – Emergence of the Islamic World
The document summarizes the emergence and spread of Islam. It describes Muhammad receiving visions in Mecca and spreading the religion's core beliefs. Facing rejection, he fled to Medina where he gained followers and united Arab tribes. After his death, the Islamic empire expanded rapidly under caliphs and the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. The religion promoted social justice, equality, and literacy while establishing the Quran as its central authority and sharia law. Divisions later emerged between the Sunni and Shiite sects regarding leadership succession.
The Muslim World (Chapter 10:1-3)
The document provides an overview of the early Muslim world from 600-1250 CE. It discusses the geography of the Arabian Peninsula and the importance of Mecca as a trade and religious center. It describes the life of the prophet Muhammad and the origins and key beliefs of Islam, including the five pillars. It explains the rapid expansion of the early Muslim empire through military conquests and voluntary conversions. The caliphates that arose helped spread Islam across large parts of Africa and Asia, establishing an empire and cultural achievements in education, science, and architecture.
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The document provides background information on the origins of Islam through the life and teachings of Mohammed. It discusses that Mohammed was born in 570 AD in Mecca to a merchant family. He began receiving revelations in his 40s and preached monotheism, emphasizing social justice. Opposition forced him to flee to Medina in 622, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar. By 630, he conquered Mecca and established it as the center of Islamic pilgrimage. After his death, Islam expanded rapidly under the Rashidun caliphs before the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties took control of the Islamic empire.
Islam project
Muhammad founded Islam in the 7th century after receiving revelations from God. Islam then spread across the Middle East and beyond. Today, there are over 1 billion Muslims worldwide, though many Muslim-majority countries face challenges with democracy and political freedom. Radical Islamists also view the West as interfering in the region for control of oil. Overall, the relationship between Islam and the West has been complex.
Islam 2º ESO
Islam originated in the 7th century in the Arabian Peninsula. The prophet Muhammad received revelations from God and began preaching the religion of Islam. After Muhammad's death, his followers spread Islam across Asia, North Africa, and parts of Europe. Islam is a monotheistic faith that believes in one God and that Muhammad is his final prophet. The religion's core beliefs and practices are outlined in the Five Pillars of Islam.
INT-244 Topic 3 Islam
This document provides demographic information about Muslims worldwide and in the United States. It states that there are approximately 1.89 billion Muslims globally, with the largest populations living in Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, and Europe. In the United States, the document estimates 4.56 million Muslims, with over half immigrating after 2000. The Muslim community in the US is described as no longer immigrant-based, but rather as established Americans who value education and career success.
Islam theory unit
The document provides an overview of the origin and spread of Islam, the political and social organization of Islamic societies, Islamic religious practices and pillars, the economy of Islamic empires, Islamic culture, and Muslim art. It describes how the religion of Islam originated in the 7th century AD in the Arabian Peninsula under the prophet Muhammad and then rapidly expanded across large parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe through military conquests and missionary activities. Key aspects of Islamic civilization discussed include the caliphate political system, division of society, emphasis on the five pillars of faith, development of trade networks, cultural centers of learning, and artistic styles featuring calligraphy and geometric patterns.
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The document provides background on the Middle East region, including the origins and spread of Islam, the Sunni-Shia split, and the influence of militant Islamic philosophers like Ibn Taymiyyah and Abdul Wahhab. It also summarizes the modern political history of the region, including the establishment of Israel, Arab-Israeli conflicts, rise of terrorism, and the Iranian Revolution led by Ayatollah Khomeini.
The Spread Of Islam
The document discusses the early expansion of Islam following the death of Muhammad. It summarizes that under the first two caliphs, Abu Bakr and Umar, the Islamic empire grew rapidly to include Syria, Persia, and parts of North Africa within 25 years and additional territories like parts of India and Spain within 100 years. It also explains how the Islamic community divided between the Sunni and Shia sects following disagreements over succession after the death of the third caliph Uthman. Specifically, some protested Ali's selection as caliph due to his relation to Uthman's killers, leading to ongoing tensions.
Rise of Islam
Muhammad spread the beliefs and practices of Islam through conquest. His successors built an empire stretching from Spain to India. In the 7th century, a split created the Sunni and Shiite sects of Islam. The nomadic Arabs originated from the Arabian Peninsula and organized into tribes. Muhammad received revelations from God through the angel Gabriel and founded Islam, with beliefs including monotheism, following the Five Pillars of Islam, and adhering to Sharia law.
Islam part 1
This document summarizes the rise of Islam in Arabia. It details the life of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, who received revelations from God and taught monotheism. After facing persecution in Mecca, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina, where he became the political and religious leader. Muhammad's followers, called Muslims, began converting more tribes to Islam and raiding caravans traveling to Mecca. By 632 when Muhammad died, much of Arabia had accepted Islam as its dominant faith.
Sw asia religion, politics, and oil(2)
The document provides an overview of religion, politics, and oil in Southwest Asia. It discusses the spread of Islam across the Arabian Peninsula and the three major monotheistic religions that originated in the region - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It describes the tensions between Israel and neighboring Arab countries over claims to the holy city of Jerusalem. The document also outlines the rise of fundamentalist groups like the Taliban in Afghanistan and their strict rules, especially oppressive ones limiting women's freedoms.
Rise, Spread and Impacts of Islam
Islam originated in the 7th century AD on the Arabian Peninsula. The religion was founded by the prophet Muhammad after he began receiving revelations from God (Allah) at age 40. Muhammad's teachings were based on strict monotheism and he and his followers faced persecution in Mecca, leading to the migration (Hijra) to Medina in 622 AD which marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Islam then rapidly spread across Asia, Africa, and parts of Europe through military conquests and trade routes, establishing a large empire with political and cultural influence. Key beliefs include submission to Allah as the one true God and Muhammad as his final prophet. The Quran is the holy text and the five pillars provide a
The Islamic World, c. 622-1450 CE
The Islamic World from approximately 622-1450 CE is summarized as follows:
1) Islam was founded in Arabia by the prophet Muhammad and spread rapidly through military conquest and trade, establishing the Islamic world from Spain to India.
2) Two major divisions, the Sunnis and Shi'as, emerged following a dispute over leadership after Muhammad's death.
3) The Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates presided over the Islamic Golden Age during which knowledge from ancient civilizations was translated and advanced, establishing Baghdad as the world's largest city.
4) Islamic society was governed by sharia law and distinguished between Muslims, Peoples of the Book, and others.
The_Chronological_Life_of_Christ_Part_104_Repentance_and_Restoration
The heart of the Father is to restore those who come with repentance.
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Islam is an Abrahamic religion that believes in the Judeo-Christian God called Allah. It originated in the 7th century CE with the revelations received by the prophet Muhammad. The five pillars of Islam are the profession of faith, daily prayers, almsgiving, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca. Islam spread rapidly through trade routes and military conquests, and it is now one of the largest religions in the world.
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Chapter 6 – Emergence of the Islamic World
The document summarizes the emergence and spread of Islam. It describes Muhammad receiving visions in Mecca and spreading the religion's core beliefs. Facing rejection, he fled to Medina where he gained followers and united Arab tribes. After his death, the Islamic empire expanded rapidly under caliphs and the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. The religion promoted social justice, equality, and literacy while establishing the Quran as its central authority and sharia law. Divisions later emerged between the Sunni and Shiite sects regarding leadership succession.
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The document provides background on the Middle East region, including the origins and spread of Islam, the Sunni-Shia split, and the influence of militant Islamic philosophers like Ibn Taymiyyah and Abdul Wahhab. It also summarizes the modern political history of the region, including the establishment of Israel, Arab-Israeli conflicts, rise of terrorism, and the Iranian Revolution led by Ayatollah Khomeini.
The Spread Of Islam
The document discusses the early expansion of Islam following the death of Muhammad. It summarizes that under the first two caliphs, Abu Bakr and Umar, the Islamic empire grew rapidly to include Syria, Persia, and parts of North Africa within 25 years and additional territories like parts of India and Spain within 100 years. It also explains how the Islamic community divided between the Sunni and Shia sects following disagreements over succession after the death of the third caliph Uthman. Specifically, some protested Ali's selection as caliph due to his relation to Uthman's killers, leading to ongoing tensions.
Rise of Islam
Muhammad spread the beliefs and practices of Islam through conquest. His successors built an empire stretching from Spain to India. In the 7th century, a split created the Sunni and Shiite sects of Islam. The nomadic Arabs originated from the Arabian Peninsula and organized into tribes. Muhammad received revelations from God through the angel Gabriel and founded Islam, with beliefs including monotheism, following the Five Pillars of Islam, and adhering to Sharia law.
Islam part 1
This document summarizes the rise of Islam in Arabia. It details the life of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, who received revelations from God and taught monotheism. After facing persecution in Mecca, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina, where he became the political and religious leader. Muhammad's followers, called Muslims, began converting more tribes to Islam and raiding caravans traveling to Mecca. By 632 when Muhammad died, much of Arabia had accepted Islam as its dominant faith.
Sw asia religion, politics, and oil(2)
The document provides an overview of religion, politics, and oil in Southwest Asia. It discusses the spread of Islam across the Arabian Peninsula and the three major monotheistic religions that originated in the region - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It describes the tensions between Israel and neighboring Arab countries over claims to the holy city of Jerusalem. The document also outlines the rise of fundamentalist groups like the Taliban in Afghanistan and their strict rules, especially oppressive ones limiting women's freedoms.
Rise, Spread and Impacts of Islam
Islam originated in the 7th century AD on the Arabian Peninsula. The religion was founded by the prophet Muhammad after he began receiving revelations from God (Allah) at age 40. Muhammad's teachings were based on strict monotheism and he and his followers faced persecution in Mecca, leading to the migration (Hijra) to Medina in 622 AD which marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Islam then rapidly spread across Asia, Africa, and parts of Europe through military conquests and trade routes, establishing a large empire with political and cultural influence. Key beliefs include submission to Allah as the one true God and Muhammad as his final prophet. The Quran is the holy text and the five pillars provide a
The Islamic World, c. 622-1450 CE
The Islamic World from approximately 622-1450 CE is summarized as follows:
1) Islam was founded in Arabia by the prophet Muhammad and spread rapidly through military conquest and trade, establishing the Islamic world from Spain to India.
2) Two major divisions, the Sunnis and Shi'as, emerged following a dispute over leadership after Muhammad's death.
3) The Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates presided over the Islamic Golden Age during which knowledge from ancient civilizations was translated and advanced, establishing Baghdad as the world's largest city.
4) Islamic society was governed by sharia law and distinguished between Muslims, Peoples of the Book, and others.
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What is Islam.ppt
- 1. Overview of Islam Today, Islam is the world’s fastest growing religion with more than 1 billion followers throughout the world
- 3. What was Arabia like before Muhammad?
- 4. Islam Islam is a monotheistic religion that began in city of Mecca located on the Arabian Peninsula near the Byzantine Empire Arabians were polytheistic & came to visit Mecca to pray to the Kabba, a shrine containing idols of 360 different gods (including Allah)
- 5. Islam Mohammad was born in Mecca & was interested in monotheism of Jews & Christians who traded in Mecca At age 40, Mohammad had a vision that told him he was a messenger of Allah (Arabic word for “god”; the same god as Christians & Jews) Muhammad called his religion Islam (“surrender to God”) & destroyed the other idols in the Kabba
- 6. Islam Mohammad identified rules all Muslims should live by, called the Five Pillars of Islam: –Faith—believe in 1 god, Allah –Prayer—five times every day –Alms—give money to the needy –Fasting—eat no food from sunrise to sunset for 1 month (Ramadan) –Pilgrimage—one in life, go to Mecca
- 8. Islam Islam became a very popular religion in Mecca and Medina.
- 9. Expansion of Islam Muslims began to expand; idea of jihad taught that Muslims would go straight to heaven if died fighting for Allah; so they fought very hard to expand. –Holy wars were considered okay in God's eyes.
- 10. • Islam expanded into a huge empire including Spain, Northern Africa, Persia, and Arabia.
- 11. Expansion of Islam Expanded Arabic language and cultural innovations. Islamic rulers proved mostly tolerant, they offered new subjects three choices: 1.convert to Islam 2.pay a tax or 3.die
- 12. Islam Like Christianity, Islam split into 2 sects; after Muhammad died, caliphs (followers of Muhammad) lead Islamic faith, but confusion over the “correct” leadership (caliph): –Sunni—caliphs should be chosen by vote (95% Muslims are Sunni today) –Shiite—caliphs should come directly from Muhammad’s family tree (more radical; 3% of all Muslims today)
- 13. Percentage Today of Sunni & Shi’a Muslims Worldwide
- 15. Ottoman Turks Turks are nomads from Asia; contact with Muslim Empire led to conversion of Turks to Islam Ottoman Turks—Most powerful group of Turks began to grow strong as Byzantine Empire and Islamic Empire began to weaken –Defeated both Islamic Empire & Byzantine Empire; created Ottoman Empire
- 16. Seige of Constantinople (1453 A.D.)