What is Artificial Intelligence

What is Artificial Intelligence ?

Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved. 3
Artificial Intelligence
According to John McCarthy (father of Artificial Intelligence), it is “The science and
engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer
programs”.

In another way we define, Artificial Intelligence is a way of making a computer, a
computer-controlled robot, or a software think intelligently in a similar manner the
intelligent humans believe.
The study of systems that attempt to model and apply the intelligence of the human
mind.
It is a branch of Computer Science named Artificial Intelligence pursues creating
computers or machines as intelligent as human beings. It is a way of making a
computer, a computer-controlled robot, or a software think intelligently, in a
similar manner the intelligent humans believe.

History of Artificial Intelligence
In 1943, McCullough and Pitts’ developed “artificial neurons”.
In 1950, Inventions of Alan Turing’s “Computing Machinery and Intelligence”.
In 1951, Artificial Intelligence was used in Games.
In 1956, Dartmouth conference; And the birth of Artificial Intelligence.
In 1965, Robinson’s complete algorithm for logical reasoning.
In the duration 1969 – 79, Early development of knowledge-based systems took
place.
In the duration 1980 – 88, Expert system industry booms.
In the duration 1988 – 93, Expert system industry busts “AI winter”.
Finally, 1993 – Present, Artificial Intelligence is now using rapidly in different
technologies; And is achieving its goal.

Need for Artificial Intelligence
•To create expert systems which exhibit intelligent behaviour, learn, demonstrate,
explain, and advice its users.
•To Implement human intelligence in machines which create systems that
understand, think, learn, and behave like humans

Use of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence has been used in various field such as
• Smartphones : –
Artificial Intelligence and ML have enhanced the smartphone experience hugely.
Android, iOS and Windows mobile platforms are integrating AI and ML in various their
various apps. Moreover, with the use of AI decision making has become a lot quicker
and precise by accumulating a massive volume of information. The upcoming future is
going to be smart for smartphones with AI and with that free economy will grow
hugely with time. Artificial intelligence has introduced the users a new method to
search using images and voice, unlike text mode which reduces the searching time
provide flexibility to the user. Moreover, because of the integrated AI in mobile apps,
we are getting the image recognition system and voice recognition system.

The smartphone camera is getting better in subject detection with the use of AI.
Also, the interface of a smartphone camera can quickly detect the subject in the
camera frame like food, landscape, fireworks etc.
By integrating AI, the smartphone will become capable of translating different
languages in real-time without any need for the internet connection.
By integrating AI, face unlocks feature is ready to use for the smartphones to
provide security.

Applications such as Siri that act as personal assistants, GPS and Maps applications
that give users the best or the shortest routes to take as well as the traffic and time
estimate to reach there, use artificial intelligence.

Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.
10
• Gaming : –
Artificial Intelligence plays an essential role in decision games such as chess, poker,
tic-tac-toe and many more where a machine can think of many possible positions
based on heuristic knowledge. The video game industry is probably one of the
earliest adopters of AI.

• Natural Language Processing : –
Artificial Intelligence is used in Natural language processing. It is possible to interact with
the computer that understands the natural language spoken by humans.

• Expert Systems : –
An expert system is a computer program that uses artificial intelligence to simulate
the judgment and behaviour of a human or an organisation that has an expert
knowledge and experience in a field. An Expert System is a computer program
designed to act as an expert in a particular domain (area of expertise). Expert
systems currently are designed to assist experts, not to replace them, they have been
used in medical diagnosis, chemical analysis, geological explorations etc. Expert
systems have played a significant role in many industries including in financial
services, telecommunications, healthcare, customer service, transportation, video
games, manufacturing, aviation and written communication. An expert system is also
made for the medical field too. An expert system can help doctors to assess patients
and their health risks.

The following figure is of Nasa K10 rover expert system of a robot

14
• Vision Systems : –
These systems recognize, interpret, and comprehend visual input on the computer. For
example, A spying aeroplane takes photographs, which are used to figure out spatial
information or map of the areas. Police use computer software that can recognise the
face of criminal with the stored portrait made by a forensic artist.

15
• Speech Recognition : –
Some Artificial Intelligence-based systems are capable of hearing and
comprehending the language concerning sentences and their meanings while some
human talks to it. It can handle different accents, slang words, noise in the
background, change in human sounds due to cold, etc.

• Handwriting Recognition : –
Some Artificial Intelligence-based software has been developed for handwriting
recognition that reads the text written on paper by a pen or on screen by a digital
stylus. It can recognise text, shapes of the letters and convert them into editable text.

17
• Intelligent Robots : –
AI is used to create Intelligent Robots. Robots can do the tasks given by a human. They
have sensors to notice physical data from the real world such as light, heat,
temperature, movement, sound, bump, and pressure. They have well-organized
processors, multiple sensors and huge memory, to exhibit intelligence. Besides, they
are capable of learning from their mistakes, and they can adapt to the new
environment.

• Online Ads Network : –
One of the main users of artificial intelligence is the online ad industry which uses AI to
not only track user statistics but also serve us ads based on those statistics.

19
• Navigation and Travel : –
Google use artificial intelligence to interpret hundreds of thousands of data point that
they receive to give you real-time traffic data. When you are calling an Uber, both the
pricing and the car that matches your ride request is decided by AI.

• Security and Surveillance : –
It is not possible for humans to keep monitoring multiple monitors with feeds from
hundreds if not thousands of cameras at the same time, and hence, using AI makes
perfect sense.

21
• Banking and Finance : –
The banking and finance industry deeply depend on artificial intelligence for things like
customer service, fraud protection, investment, and many more.

• Smart Home Devices : –
Many of the smart home devices that we buy use artificial intelligence to learn our
behaviour so that they can adjust the settings themselves to make the experience as
frictionless as possible for us.

Artificial Intelligence Advantages
1.The advantages of Artificial Intelligence are as follows,
2.Daily Application: -As we know that computed methods and learning have become
commonplace in everyday life. Financial institutions and banking institutions are widely
using Artificial Intelligence. That is to organise and manage data. Also, it is used in the
detection of fraud users in a smart card-based system.3
3.No Breaks: -The essential advantage of artificial intelligence is that machines do not
require sleep or breaks and can work without stopping. They can uninterruptedly
perform the same task without getting bored or tired. Unlike humans, they don’t need
refreshments and frequent breaks.

4.Efficient: – AI is efficient to use of labour resources by hiring robots for some jobs
in quick time. Situations that are monotonous can be easily carried out with the
help of machines.
5.Error Avoidance: – Artificial Intelligence can significantly use to avoid or reduce
the errors while solving any problems.
6.Faster Decisions: – Using Artificial intelligence, decisions can be taken very fast.

Artificial Intelligence Disadvantages
The disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence are as follows,
1.Unemployability: – As we are aware that Artificial Intelligence-based machines do
their work and repeatable tasks much better than humans and in quick time.
Moreover, machines are used instead of humans to increase their profitability in
businesses. Replacement of people with Artificial Intelligence-based technologies can
lead to massive scale unemployment, which is an undesirable phenomenon. Artificial
intelligence will make people lose their creative power and become lazy.
2.High Cost: – Creation of artificially intelligent system requires substantial costs.
Also, their maintenance and repair need lots of money too. The procedure to recover
lost codes and reinstating the system may require enormous time and cost.

3.No Creativity : – Artificial Intelligence-based technology cannot advise you in a
specific task as they don’t have the power of the human brain. People are emotional
and highly sensitive, they think, feel and hear and their thoughts are guided by the
feelings which fully lacks in machines. Machines don’t have emotions and moral
values. They performed what is programmed and can’t make the judgement of
wrong or right. If there is an unfamiliar situation to them, they can’t take decisions or
perform either breakdown or incorrectly.

For more Training Information , Contact Us
Email : info@learntek.org
USA : +1734 418 2465
INDIA : +40 4018 1306
+7799713624

What is Artificial Intelligence

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Janu Jahnavi

More from Janu Jahnavi (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

What is Artificial Intelligence