1. Digital TextbooksDigital Textbooks
Gary AllenGary Allen
EDUC 8841EDUC 8841

2. NeedNeed
 The digital textbookThe digital textbook
is an innovation thatis an innovation that
is being developed atis being developed at
the right time whenthe right time when
society is looking forsociety is looking for
cheaper and bettercheaper and better
ways to educate.ways to educate.
 Laptop DevelopedLaptop Developed
19841984
Ereader developed inEreader developed in
2007and the interest2007and the interest
buildsbuilds

3. ResearchResearch
 Butler, D.. (2009). The textbook of theButler, D.. (2009). The textbook of the
future.future. Nature,Nature, 458458(7238), 568-70. Retrieved(7238), 568-70. Retrieved
September 14, 2010, from ProQuest Central.September 14, 2010, from ProQuest Central.
(Document ID: 1678583681)(Document ID: 1678583681)
 Crestani, F., Landoni, M., & Melucci, M.. (2006).Crestani, F., Landoni, M., & Melucci, M.. (2006).
Appearance and functionality of electronicAppearance and functionality of electronic
books.books. International Journal on DigitalInternational Journal on Digital
Libraries,Libraries, 66(2), 192-209. Retrieved September 19,(2), 192-209. Retrieved September 19,
2010, from ProQuest Central. (Document2010, from ProQuest Central. (Document
ID: 2082714661).ID: 2082714661).

4. DevelopmentDevelopment
 The technology is beingThe technology is being
developed at the same time whendeveloped at the same time when
the e-reader platform is beingthe e-reader platform is being
advanced which appears to be aadvanced which appears to be a
good match for the software asgood match for the software as
color screens emerge (Bradley,color screens emerge (Bradley,
2009).2009).
 The technology is receiving aThe technology is receiving a
great deal of attention in thegreat deal of attention in the
educational field where theeducational field where the
diffusion of the technology isdiffusion of the technology is
likely to occur.likely to occur.
 2010 the industry waits for2010 the industry waits for
cheaper better hardwarecheaper better hardware

5. CommercializationCommercialization
 The digital textbook has theThe digital textbook has the
advantage of interactiveadvantage of interactive
instruction, animated graphics,instruction, animated graphics,
immediate feedback practiceimmediate feedback practice
questions and rapid links toquestions and rapid links to
vocabulary definitions.vocabulary definitions.
 Consequently, digital textbooksConsequently, digital textbooks
likely will represent an improvedlikely will represent an improved
educational delivery method thaneducational delivery method than
traditional textbooks.traditional textbooks.
 2010 Recession fuels search for2010 Recession fuels search for
cheaper educational textbookscheaper educational textbooks

6. TimelineTimeline
 Laptop Developed 1984Laptop Developed 1984
 2004 the first e-reader developed2004 the first e-reader developed
 2007 Amazon introduces the Kindle2007 Amazon introduces the Kindle
 2010 The industry waits for better hardware.2010 The industry waits for better hardware.
 http://www.naa.org/Resources/Articles/Digital-Mhttp://www.naa.org/Resources/Articles/Digital-M

7. Stage 1- KnowledgeStage 1- Knowledge
 Current PracticeCurrent Practice
– The paper and print textbook has been theThe paper and print textbook has been the
industry norm since the inception of formalindustry norm since the inception of formal
education.education.
– The paper and print textbook are becomingThe paper and print textbook are becoming
increasingly expensive.increasingly expensive.
– Textbook revisions cause repurchase.Textbook revisions cause repurchase.

8. Stage 1- KnowledgeStage 1- Knowledge
 InnovationsInnovations
– The Digital Textbook is a logical extension ofThe Digital Textbook is a logical extension of
the continuation of technological advancementsthe continuation of technological advancements
in education.in education.
– Current educational research indicates thatCurrent educational research indicates that
interactive educational material may enhanceinteractive educational material may enhance
student learning over paper and print textbooks.student learning over paper and print textbooks.

9. Stage 2- PersuasionStage 2- Persuasion
 SocioeconomicSocioeconomic
– Computerized learning resources have becomeComputerized learning resources have become
common place in society and will not inhibitcommon place in society and will not inhibit
digital textbook’s acceptance.digital textbook’s acceptance.
 PersonalityPersonality
– The digital textbook will be interactive andThe digital textbook will be interactive and
provide a more engaging and fun way ofprovide a more engaging and fun way of
learning.learning.

10. Stage 2- PersuasionStage 2- Persuasion
 CommunicationCommunication
– Information will be passed through the educationalInformation will be passed through the educational
community by direct sales, educational conventions andcommunity by direct sales, educational conventions and
government agencies.government agencies.
 TestabilityTestability
– The digital textbook is currently undergoing testing by aThe digital textbook is currently undergoing testing by a
number of educational institutions. The technology isnumber of educational institutions. The technology is
available for studies in your local school district uponavailable for studies in your local school district upon
request.request.
 ObservationsObservations
– The digital textbook is readily available on a number ofThe digital textbook is readily available on a number of
computer hardware platforms.computer hardware platforms.

11. Stage 3 - DecisionStage 3 - Decision
 AdvantageAdvantage
– The digital textbook is less costly.The digital textbook is less costly.
– Digital textbooks can be updated easily.Digital textbooks can be updated easily.
– Digital textbooks will be more enjoyable for the student.Digital textbooks will be more enjoyable for the student.
 CompatibilityCompatibility
– Currently being developed to run on portable interactiveCurrently being developed to run on portable interactive
platforms.platforms.
 ComplexityComplexity
– The software is easy to use.The software is easy to use.

12. Stage 4 - ImplementationStage 4 - Implementation
 AdoptionAdoption
– Decision makers within school districts have theDecision makers within school districts have the
power to implement the technology.power to implement the technology.
– Decision will be based on costs andDecision will be based on costs and
effectiveness of student learning.effectiveness of student learning.
 RejectionRejection
– Rejection could occur if a sufficiently cost-Rejection could occur if a sufficiently cost-
effective hardware platform is not developedeffective hardware platform is not developed
that is interactive, portable and low cost.that is interactive, portable and low cost.

13. Stage 5 - ConfirmationStage 5 - Confirmation
 Higher education institutions will continue toHigher education institutions will continue to
sponsor and conduct studies to measuresponsor and conduct studies to measure
the effectiveness of the technology.the effectiveness of the technology.
– Studies will validate the benefits of theStudies will validate the benefits of the
technology or cause it to fail.technology or cause it to fail.
– Studies will provide the incentive for greaterStudies will provide the incentive for greater
advancements in the area and more choices foradvancements in the area and more choices for
the future.the future.

14. InnovatorsInnovators
 The researchers areThe researchers are
searching for bettersearching for better
ways to educate in aways to educate in a
more effective andmore effective and
cost-effectivecost-effective
approach.approach.

15. Early AdoptersEarly Adopters
 The Early Adopters will beThe Early Adopters will be
the most progressivethe most progressive
educational institutions.educational institutions.
 Cost effectiveness mayCost effectiveness may
encourage someencourage some
educational institutions toeducational institutions to
try the technology.try the technology.

16. Early MajorityEarly Majority
 The educationalThe educational
institutions will begin toinstitutions will begin to
switch to theswitch to the
technology based ontechnology based on
the testimonials andthe testimonials and
research.research.

17. Late MajorityLate Majority
 The late majority willThe late majority will
be the educationalbe the educational
institutions that haveinstitutions that have
very restrictivevery restrictive
spending oversightspending oversight
that are afraid to spendthat are afraid to spend
money that is not amoney that is not a
sure thing.sure thing.

18. LaggardsLaggards
 The very conservativeThe very conservative
educational institutionseducational institutions
that are reluctant tothat are reluctant to
change and choose tochange and choose to
maintain the statusmaintain the status
quo.quo.

19. Relative AdvantageRelative Advantage
 Lower CostLower Cost
 InteractiveInteractive
 More EngagingMore Engaging
 Easy to UpdateEasy to Update

20. CompatibilityCompatibility
 Run on any computer platformRun on any computer platform
 No internet access neededNo internet access needed
 Can be used anywhereCan be used anywhere

21. ComplexityComplexity
 Easily useableEasily useable
 Provides a more sophisticated transfer ofProvides a more sophisticated transfer of
informationinformation
 Animated graphicsAnimated graphics

22. TrialabilityTrialability
 Demonstration software availableDemonstration software available
 Lost cost of softwareLost cost of software
 Research studies available for reviewResearch studies available for review

23. ObservabilityObservability
 Demonstrations available onlineDemonstrations available online
 Research observation testimonialsResearch observation testimonials
 Trail software availableTrail software available

24. Centralized ApproachCentralized Approach
 Pilot Study ConductedPilot Study Conducted
 Compare Cost EffectivenessCompare Cost Effectiveness
 Present Research StudiesPresent Research Studies
 Seek approval of State Department ofSeek approval of State Department of
Education textbook purchasersEducation textbook purchasers

25. Decision MakersDecision Makers
 State Department ofState Department of
EducationEducation
 Local School BoardsLocal School Boards
 School DistrictSchool District
SuperintendantSuperintendant
 Textbook AdoptionTextbook Adoption
committeescommittees

26. Agents of ChangeAgents of Change
 Ensure that the Vision is Articulated
 Set a Leadership Agenda
 Solve Problems
 Implement Plans to Achieve Change
Goals
 Reassure the majority

27. Plan to Implement a ChangePlan to Implement a Change
 EducateEducate
 Find the EarlyFind the Early
AdoptersAdopters
 Build confidence in theBuild confidence in the
innovationinnovation
 Find the ChampionFind the Champion

28. Empower the SupportersEmpower the Supporters
 Enlist Supporters toEnlist Supporters to
Educate PeersEducate Peers
 Challenge ObjectionsChallenge Objections
 Solve ComplaintsSolve Complaints
 Reassure Anxiety ofReassure Anxiety of
ChangeChange

29. The Future AwaitsThe Future Awaits
 Digital Textbooks Are the Future in EducationDigital Textbooks Are the Future in Education