This document contains a worksheet with matching and short answer questions about different psychological perspectives and concepts related to sensation and perception. It asks the reader to match descriptions to perspectives like behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, and sociocultural. It also provides examples and asks the reader to identify if they describe sensation or perception, and involves sensory processes or principles of perception. There are also short essays that ask the reader to recommend research methods and identify ethical concerns for studies related to child behavior, the connection between sleep and test scores, and testing a new depression medication.

1. Week 1 Assignment Worksheet Matching
Week 1 Assignment Worksheet MatchingWeek 1 Assignment Worksheet MatchingMatch
the following descriptions to the correct perspective:1. ___B.___ perspective focuses on how
learning experiences affect behavior, and focuses on behavior that is observable.2. __E___
perspective focuses on the effect of unresolved conflicts from childhood, and how those
conflicts unconsciously shape behavior.3. __D___ perspective focuses on free will, conscious
choices, and self-awareness, and views humans as distinct individuals with unique
characteristics.4. ___C__ perspective examines the mental processes used to obtain
knowledge, and focuses on how information is processed, stored, retrieved, and
manipulated.5. __A___ perspective focuses on how factors like age, ethnicity, gender, sexual
orientation, and income level influence behavior, attitudes, and mental processes.A.
SocioculturalB. BehavioralC. CognitiveD. HumanisticE. PsychodynamicORDER
COMPREHENSIVE SOLUTION PAPERS ON Week 1 Assignment Worksheet
MatchingTableProvide a description of the function of the structures or hormones
listed.Structure Hormone(s) released (if applicable) Description or functionFrontal
lobe CRH Corticotropin-releasing hormoneHelps with decision makingSomatosensory
cortex CRH Sensory receptive area for the sense of touchPancreas Glucagon and
insulin A long flat gland that lies behind the stomachThyroid Thyroxie, triodothyronine
Covers the windpipe from 3 sides.helps the body produce and regulatehormones
adrenalieAdrenal glands Cortisol Located at the top of each kidney, produce
hormones to help control blood sugarShort AnswerRead the following examples and
indicate whether they are describing sensation or perception. If the example describes
sensation, list which sense is involved. If the example describes perception, list the concept
or principle of perception that is involved.I think I see Bob approaching me from a distance,
but as the man gets closer to me, I realize it isn’t Bob. Perception Harmonic perception, on
the other hand, owes to the understanding that the ear usually perceives inter-related
notes, as one, to create meaning in soundsWhile studying for a test at the library, I hear
other people talking and laughing; however, I am able to block out the noise and
concentrate on reading my textbook. perception__ Harmonic perception, on the other hand,
owes to the understanding that the ear usually perceives inter-related notes, as one, to
create meaning in soundsMy math teacher draws a triangle on the board, and even thought
she uses dotted lines, I am still able to see the shape of the triangle. perception_ Harmonic
perception, on the other hand, owes to the understanding that the ear usually perceives
inter-related notes, as one, to create meaning in sounds.I am walking down the street and I

2. see two people walking together, but to my surprise, they walk off in different directions
without acknowledging that the other person is leaving. perception_ Finally, form
perception indicates the contextualization of particular objects in a given environment,
whereby the eyes sees them as primarily 2-D and at times as 3-D depending on the way of
their placement. It is also the understanding of what characterizes the inner and outer core
of an object_1. When I look at a white piece of paper, I can still recognize it as white whether
I am outside in bright sunlight, or sitting in a dark room. perception__ Color perception, on
the other hand, describes the way the visual senses, denoting the eyes, observe hues and
contextualize them in the environment I notice that the light is on in the living room.
sensation_Exteroceptive senses which are sense that perceives the body’s own position,
motion and state.Music is playing in the elevator. . sensation_ Exteroceptive senses which
are sense that perceives the body’s own position, motion and state.2. I notice that my mom
is baking bread as I walk into the house to greet her. sensation Interoceptive senses are
senses that perceive sensations in internal organsWhen I wash my hands at school, I notice
that the water feels hot. sensation___Exteroceptive senses which are sense that perceives
the body’s own position, motion and state.When I had an infected tooth extracted, I
experienced pressure as the tooth separated from the gums. sensation Interoceptive senses
are senses that perceive sensations in internal organsxI am able to type this sentence
without looking at the keyboard on my computer. _perception_ Amodal perception is one of
the most recognizable types of perception in psychology. It is the observation and
interpretation of things in terms of depth and motion._I experience motion sickness
whenever I ride in a boat. sensation Interoceptive senses are senses that perceive
sensations in internal organsEssayRead the following scenarios.Write a 100- to 150-word
response to the following questions associated with each scenario.A psychologist is
interested in learning more about how children interact with each other during the school
day. The psychologist is particularly interested in discovering the ways in which children
behave when they do not think they are being watched. What research method would be
best used to conduct this type of research, and why? What ethical concerns might be an
issue in this type of research? ) Observational research method would be suitable because it
includes case studies, ethnographic studies, ethological studies, etc. The primary
characteristic of each of these types of studies is that phenomena are being observed and
recorded. Often times, the studies are qualitative in nature. For example, a psychological
case study would entail extensive notes based on observations of and interviews with the
client. A detailed report with analysis would be written and reported constituting the study
of this individual case. For example, an ethological study interaction of children as they play
with each other may include measures of behavior durations i.e. the amount of time the
children are engaged in a specified behavior. This measure of time would be quantitative.
Observational research can be problematic if not conducted well. Clearly, there are many
problems with internal validity. One can describe the individual(s) being observed but one
cannot make any sort of causative conclusions based on the observations. Additionally,
construct validity can be impacted by lack of background work before the observations or
study, observer and experimenter biases or expectencies, etc. In developmental psychology,
this form of research is often early work in the exploration of a developmental topic. In this

3. research approach, behaviors are counted, correct answers or errors are counted, and other
types of measures are recorded in terms of quantity. Observational research involves both
experimental and non-experimental research. Ethical issues Observational research focus
on protecting individuals that receive an intervention. For example, an intervention may
involve training participants in group communication where a great deal of self-disclosure
is required. Self-disclosure is a technique whereby people are encouraged to discuss their
feelings, attitudes, and experiences (some of which may be quite personal). Does there
searcher have the right to use such a treatment? Dealing with this question is a personal
decision on the part of the researcher.1. As a researcher, I am interested in learning
whether or not there is a connection between sleep and test scores. I want to know if an
increase in sleep improves test scores, for example. What type of research method would I
use, and why? What ethical concerns might present an issue when conducting this type of
research? True Experiments: The true experiment is often thought of as a laboratory study.
However, this is not always the case. A true experiment is defined as an experiment
conducted where an effort is made to impose control over all other variables except the one
under study. It is often easier to impose this sort of control in a laboratory setting. True
experiments have often been erroneously identified as laboratory studies. To understand
the nature of the experiment, we must first define a few terms: Experimental or treatment
group – this is the group that receives the experimental treatment i.e. the group that we use
to examine the relationship between sleep and improvement of test scores, manipulation, or
is different from the control group on the variable under study. Control group – this group is
used to produce comparisons. The treatment of interest is deliberately withheld or
manipulated to provide a baseline performance with which to compare the experimental or
treatment group’s performance. Independent variable – this is the variable that the
experimenter/researcher manipulates in a study. It can be any aspect of the environment
that is empirically investigated for the purpose of examining its influence on the dependent
variable which is the variable that is measured in a study. The experimenter does not
control this variable. A major ethical concern would be double blind where by neither the
subject nor the experimenter knows whether the subject is in the treatment of the control
condition.If I want to research whether or not a new medication has an effect on depression,
and I want to compare the medication against a placebo, what research method might I use,
and why? What ethical concerns might be an issue in this type of research? In the case of
research to establish whether or not a new medication has an effect on depression
Correlational research can be used as a good research method. In general, correlational
research examines the co-variation of two or more variables. Correlational research can be
accomplished by a variety of techniques which include the collection of empirical data.
Often times, correlational research is considered a type of observational research as nothing
is manipulated by the experimenter or individual conducting the research. The early studies
on cigarette smoking did not manipulate how many cigarettes were smoked. The researcher
only collected the data on the two variables. Nothing was controlled by the researchers and
therefore, no cause and effect statements were made out. Further experimental research
clearly demonstrated the negative effects of cigarette smoking. Correlational research is not
causal research. In other words, we cannot make statements concerning cause and effect on

4. the basis of this type of research. There are two major reasons why we cannot make cause
and effect statements. First, we don’t know the direction of the cause. Second, a third
variable may be involved of which we are not aware. An example may help clarify these
points. In major clinical depressions, the neurotransmitters serotonin or norepinephrine
has been found to be depleted (Coppen, 1967; Schildkraut & Kety, 1967). In other words,
low levels of these two neurotransmitters have been found to be associated with increased
levels of clinical depression. However, while we know that the two variables covary – a
relationship exists – we do not know if a causal relationship exists. Thus, it is unclear
whether depletion in serotonin/norepinephrine cause depression or whether depression
causes depletion is neurotransmitter levels. This demonstrates the first problem with
correlational research; we don’t know the direction of the cause. Second, a third variable
has been uncovered which may be affecting both of the variables under study. The number
of receptors on the postsynaptic neuron has been found to be increased in depression. Thus,
it is possible that the increased number of receptors on the postsynaptic neuron is actually
responsible for the relationship between neurotransmitter levels and depression. As you
can see from the discussion above, one cannot make a simple cause and effect statement
concerning neurotransmitter levels and depression based on correlational research. To
reiterate, it is inappropriate in correlational research to make statements concerning cause
and effect. Correlational research is often conducted as exploratory or beginning research.
Once variables have been identified and defined, experiments are conductable.
Correlational research involves data that are recorded in narrative descriptions, not
numbers. Researchers use correlational methods to observe and describe conditions rather
than control them. A basic ethical principle for correlative researchers is this. Do not tamper
with the natural setting or group under study.REFERENCESWettlaufer, Alexandra K. (2003).
In the mind’s eye : the visual impulse in Diderot, Baudelaire and Ruskin, pg. 257.
Amsterdam: Rodopi. ISBN 90-420-1035-5.The Secret Advantage Of Being Short by Robert
Krulwich. All Things Considered, NPR.Atkinson, Rita L.; Atkinson, Richard C.; Smith, Edward
E. (March 1990). Introduction to psychology. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. pp. 177–183. ISBN
978-0-15-543689-3.Gordon B. (2005). Social cognition: understanding self and others.
Guilford Press. p. 421. ISBN 978-1-59385-085-2.Popper, Arthur N. (30 November 2010).
Music Perception. Springer. p. 150. ISBN 978-1-4419-6113-6.Copyright © XXXX by
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