None

1. Weeding and Cultivation

2. Weeds are also form of
plants, they are considered
as pests because they are
harmful to the harvestable
plants.

3. Methods of Weeding

4. 1. Hand Weeding
This is the most
practical method of
eliminating weeds.
It does not require
any gadget.

5. 2. Mechanical Method
It uses equipment
such as rotary
weeder, grass cutter,
lawn mower, bolo,
scythe, and other
tools.

6. 3. Chemical Method
Pre-emergence and
post-emergence
herbicides are the
chemicals used in this
form of weed control.

7. 4. Regular Cultivation
Cultivation is a
form of loosening
the soil and is an
effective way of
controlling weeds.

8. Types of Fertilizers
1. organic- decayed and
decomposed natural organic
matters.

9. Humus -decomposed rice
straws, hays and the like.

10. Compost - decayed
leaves of plants,
kitchen refuse, etc.
Guano -bat dung from
caves.

11. Animal manures -
dried manures of cattle,
carabaos, horses, pigs,
rabbits, etc.
Poultry dung –
decomposed manures of
chickens, ducks, pigeons,
quails and other fowls.

12. Green manure -
plowed mongo or legumes
while they are in full bloom.

13. 2. inorganic- Are chemically
prepared materials derived from
rocks and other minerals.

14. Urea -a synthetic
fertilizer made of white
nitrogenous crystals.
Muriate of potash -
mainly carrier of
potassium

15. Ammonium phosphate
[(NH4)3PO4] consist of
nitrogen and
phosphorus
Ammonium sulphate
[(NH4)2SO4] carrier of
nitrogen and sulphate

16. Ammonium nitrate
[NH4NO3] contains
21% of nitrogen
Super phosphate
yields 20% of
phosphorus

17. Triple phosphate
yields 50% of
phosphorus
Complete fertilizer
all three major
elements (NPK) are
present

18. NPK are referred to as
macro-nutrients.
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium

19. Methods of Fertilizer
Application

20. 1. Ring method
a band is made in
circular ring (5)
centimeters away from
the plant base.
Fertilizer is applied
around the ring. This is
ideal for fruit trees.

21. 2. Band Placement
Fertilizer is placed near the
seed, usually on row crops.
Fertilizer is placed two
inches below and on the
sides of the seeds. This
keeps the seedlings from
injury or damage.

22. 3. Broadcast
Application
This method is done
before planting
wherein the
fertilizer is uniformly
scattered to the soil.

23. 4. Drill
This is useful in
sowing the seeds in
rows as well as in
applying the
fertilizer at the
same time.

24. Area How to Compute the Right Amount of
Fertilizer to be Applied per Given Area

25. Example:
A 5,000 sq. m of land is to be applied with
urea. If the recommended rate 450 kg of
nitrogen per hectare, how much urea is
needed?

26. Solution:
Since the recommended rate (RR) IS 450 kg/ha and
the fertilizer grade of urea as the amount of nitrogen
is equal to 45 (refer to the table of fertilizer grades)
therefore: