The document discusses URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) and their components. A URL specifies the location of an electronic resource and has the format of <scheme>:<scheme-dependent information>. It explains the different parts of a URL including the scheme (e.g. http, ftp), host/domain name, path, port number (usually omitted), and search parameters. Examples of URLs for both HTTP and FTP are given and their components are described.
A mini presentation explaining the wonders of the internet, and the features that are associated with the internet that enable it to be so efficient and practical.
A mini presentation explaining the wonders of the internet, and the features that are associated with the internet that enable it to be so efficient and practical.
Ignite Talk at DevOpsDays of the Rockies. Want to learn how to lead a DevOps transformation in your organization? http://sethgoings.com/leading-a-devops-movement
Valentines Day eCommerce Infographic and Online Spending and Online Shopping
The most romantic day of the year is almost here! Valentine’s Day is surprisingly a popular eCommerce holiday that brings in more revenue every year. Check out our infographic below for some statistics on Valentine’s Day eCommerce and for some quick tips every online retailer should be listening to!
Dobre perspektywy dla rynku gruntów inwestycyjnych w PolsceJLL
Firma doradcza JLL podsumowała 2014 r. oraz wskazała trendy na 2015 rok na rynku mieszkaniowych, biurowych, handlowych, hotelowych i rolnych gruntów inwestycyjnych w Polsce.
http://www.bazabiur.pl/raport-rynek-gruntow-inwestycyjnych-w-polsce.html
The Federal Government has spent almost $32 billion on cybersecurity-related expenditures in the past 10 years. More importantly, the cyber spending boom shows no sign of slowing, as spending increased 281 percent from 2006 to 2014 (an average of 22 percent annually). This historic growth in cyber spending runs counter to the greater trend in Federal Government spending that has led to a relatively modest increase of 4.2 percent annually over the same time period.
As the world becomes increasingly digitized, so has the Federal Government, but individual agencies are not spending on cybersecurity in similar ways. Each agency's funding over the past 10 years tells a unique story.
Ignite Talk at DevOpsDays of the Rockies. Want to learn how to lead a DevOps transformation in your organization? http://sethgoings.com/leading-a-devops-movement
Valentines Day eCommerce Infographic and Online Spending and Online Shopping
The most romantic day of the year is almost here! Valentine’s Day is surprisingly a popular eCommerce holiday that brings in more revenue every year. Check out our infographic below for some statistics on Valentine’s Day eCommerce and for some quick tips every online retailer should be listening to!
Dobre perspektywy dla rynku gruntów inwestycyjnych w PolsceJLL
Firma doradcza JLL podsumowała 2014 r. oraz wskazała trendy na 2015 rok na rynku mieszkaniowych, biurowych, handlowych, hotelowych i rolnych gruntów inwestycyjnych w Polsce.
http://www.bazabiur.pl/raport-rynek-gruntow-inwestycyjnych-w-polsce.html
The Federal Government has spent almost $32 billion on cybersecurity-related expenditures in the past 10 years. More importantly, the cyber spending boom shows no sign of slowing, as spending increased 281 percent from 2006 to 2014 (an average of 22 percent annually). This historic growth in cyber spending runs counter to the greater trend in Federal Government spending that has led to a relatively modest increase of 4.2 percent annually over the same time period.
As the world becomes increasingly digitized, so has the Federal Government, but individual agencies are not spending on cybersecurity in similar ways. Each agency's funding over the past 10 years tells a unique story.
1. Web Technologies
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/5341426.stm
2. URL Defined
• A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is
a standard way developed to specify the
location of a resource available
electronically.
RFC 1738
Web Technologies
3. Web Technologies
What are URLs?
• URLs make it possible to direct both people
and software applications to a variety of
information, available from a number of
different Internet protocols.
• A URL is like your complete mailing address:
it specifies all the information necessary for
someone to address an envelope to you.
John Brown
12 Stoke Road
Stoke-on-Trent
ST4 2DG
4. Web Technologies
What are URLs? (contd.)
• In short, a URL is a very convenient and
succinct way to direct people to a file or other
electronic resource.
• Learning how to interpret, use and construct
URLs will assist your exploration of the
Internet.
5. Web Technologies
General URL syntax
<scheme>:<scheme-dependent-information>
Scheme examples:
– http
– ftp
– news
– gopher
6. Web Technologies
Scheme
<scheme>:<scheme-dependent-information>
– Tells you what type of resource we are trying to
reach and/or what mechanism to use to obtain it.
– Examples:
– http (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
– ftp (File Transfer Protocol)
– news (News protocol)
7. Web Technologies
Scheme Dependent Information
<scheme>:<scheme-dependent-information>
– This information is detailed with each scheme
– Most schemes include the:
– Machine making the file available
– "Path" to that file
– Example (for HTTP):
http://www.7sport.net/7sport/index.htm
Machine Path
Scheme
8. Web Technologies
URL Example (explained)
http://www.7sport.net/7sport/index.htm
Machine Path
Scheme
• http is the scheme
hyper text transfer protocol
• two slashes (//) separate the scheme from the
machine/domain name
• www.7sport.net is the machine/domain name
• single slash (/) separates the name from the path
• Finally 7sport/index.htm is the path.
9. Web Technologies
URL Example (explained)
http://www.7sport.net/7sport/
Machine Path
Scheme
• sometimes the path will end in a slash (/)
• this indicates that the URL is not pointing to a
specific file
• in this case the server returns the "default" page
– homepage.html
– home.html
– welcome.html
– default.html
10. Web Technologies
HTTP & FTP General Formats
scheme://machine.domain/full-path-of-file
– Examples:
– http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_forms.asp
(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
– ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/doc-net/
(File Transfer Protocol)
11. Web Technologies
HTTP URL Example (explained)
http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_forms.asp
Machine/Domain Name Path
Scheme
• http is the scheme
hyper text transfer protocol
• two slashes (//) separate the scheme from the
machine/domain name
• www.w3schools.com is the machine/domain name
• single slash (/) separates the name from the path
• Finally html/html_forms.asp is the path.
12. Web Technologies
FTP URL Example (explained)
ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/doc-net/
Machine Path
Scheme
• ftp is the scheme
file transfer protocol
• two slashes (//) separate the scheme from the
machine/domain name
• garbo.uwasa.fi is the machine/domain name
• single slash (/) separates the name from the path
• Finally pc/doc-net is the path.
13. Web Technologies
Using URLs
• You can double click on a URL (link) and if
your system is configured properly the
appropriate application will be launched to
obtain the resource.
• You can also copy the URL and paste it into
the application which you use to get to the
resource.
14. Web Technologies
Troubleshooting URLs
Reasons for not being able to access URLs:
– the remote machine refuses the connection
– the site is very busy (e.g. peak hours of use)
– you have misspelled the URL
– the file was moved
– if all else fails you can try looking up the
hierarchy by sequentially removing the file
name first, and then the last directory in the
path.
15. Web Technologies
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
http://<host>:<port>/<path>?<searchpart>
– the host is the Internet address of the WWW server
– the port is the port number to connect to
(generally omitted along with the colon :)
(defaults to standard "80")
– path tells the server which file you want
(if file name is omitted you want the "home page")
– the searchpart may be used to pass information to
the server (often to a CGI script)
(generally omitted, along with the question mark ?)
16. Web Technologies
HTTP URL Detailed Example
http://www.7sport.net:80/7sport/index.htm
Host Path
Scheme
Port
• http is the scheme
• www.7sport.net is the host name
• :80 is the port (it can be omitted)
• Finally 7sport/index.htm is the path
17. Web Technologies
Another HTTP Example
http://www.google.co.uk:80/search?hl=en&q=Football
Host Path
Scheme
Port Search Part
• http is the scheme
• www.google.co.uk is the host name
• :80 is the port (it can be omitted)
• search is the path
• ?hl=en&q=Football is the search part
– hl=en (search language is English)
– q=Football (search keyword is Football)