The concept of capability is a cornerstone element in service description. Nevertheless, despite its fundamental role little effort has been seen to model service capabilities. Current approaches either fail to consider capabilities as feature-based entities and confuse them with annotated invocation interfaces or fail in modelling capabilities at several abstraction levels and establishing links between them. In particular, they are not able to model and deal with concrete capabilities (i.e., capabilities that reflect real customers' needs). In this paper, we propose a conceptual model as an RDF-schema for describing service capabilities. Our model defines capabilities as an action verb and a set of attributes and their values. It is also able to define capabilities at different levels of abstractions/concreteness and establish links between them. Most importantly, our model enables describing concrete capabilities which directly correspond to consumer needs. Our meta model is based on RDF and makes use of Linked Data to define capability attributes as well as their values.
Organizing Capabilities using Formal Concept AnalysisWassim Derguech
The paper has been further extended and accepted for publication in The Computer Journal Published by Oxford University Press following peer review. The version of record Section A: Computer Science Theory, Methods and Tools: Wassim Derguech, Sami Bhiri, Souleiman Hasan, and Edward Curry, Using Formal Concept Analysis for Organizing and Discovering Sensor Capabilities, The Computer Journal first published online September 11, 2014 doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxu088 is available online at: http://comjnl.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/09/11/comjnl.bxu088.
Modelling and Querying Sensor Services using OntologiesWassim Derguech
We propose in this paper a service description meta-model for describing services from a functional and non-functional perspectives. The model is inspired from the frame based modeling technique and is serialized in RDF (Resource Description Framework) using Linked Data principles. We apply this model for describing sensor services: modeling sensors and their readings enriched with non-functional properties. We also done a complete architecture for managing sensor data: collection, conversion, enrichment and storage. We tested our prototype using live streams of sensors readings. The paper also reports on the required time and storage size during the management and querying of sensor data.
Mobile application projects for mca in gagner, chennaiGagnertech
Mobile Apps (Android):
Our Mobile Application Development is the process by which application software is developed for small low-power handheld devices such as personal digital assistants, enterprise digital assistants or mobile phones. Gagner Applications are either pre-installed on phones during manufacture, or downloaded by customers from various mobile software distribution platforms.
Android IOS and Windows Mobile support typical application binaries as found on personal computers with code which executes in the native machine format of the processor (the ARM architecture is a dominant design used on many current models).Mobile applications debugging on a PC without a processor emulator, and also supports the Portable Executable (PE) format associated with the .NET Framework. Windows Mobile and iOS offer free SDKs and integrated development environments to developers. Machine language executables offer considerable performance advantages over Java.
Business Capability-centric Management of Services and Business Process ModelsWassim Derguech
With the advent of Industry 4.0, more and more companies are actively working on digitising their assets (i.e., services, processes, etc.) for better control, collaboration, modularity, analysis, etc. By 2020 more than 80% of companies will have digitised their business processes and value chains. This creates more services and processes, making their indexing, discovery, configuration, etc. more challenging. Thus, digitising assets needs a data model to describe them together with algorithms for indexing, discovery and configuration.
This thesis details a concept model for describing the business capability of services and business processes from a functional perspective in terms of what do they achieve together with related business properties. Furthermore, this work proposes the aggregation, indexing, discovery and configuration of services and business processes using the concept of business capability.
Organizing Capabilities using Formal Concept AnalysisWassim Derguech
The paper has been further extended and accepted for publication in The Computer Journal Published by Oxford University Press following peer review. The version of record Section A: Computer Science Theory, Methods and Tools: Wassim Derguech, Sami Bhiri, Souleiman Hasan, and Edward Curry, Using Formal Concept Analysis for Organizing and Discovering Sensor Capabilities, The Computer Journal first published online September 11, 2014 doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxu088 is available online at: http://comjnl.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/09/11/comjnl.bxu088.
Modelling and Querying Sensor Services using OntologiesWassim Derguech
We propose in this paper a service description meta-model for describing services from a functional and non-functional perspectives. The model is inspired from the frame based modeling technique and is serialized in RDF (Resource Description Framework) using Linked Data principles. We apply this model for describing sensor services: modeling sensors and their readings enriched with non-functional properties. We also done a complete architecture for managing sensor data: collection, conversion, enrichment and storage. We tested our prototype using live streams of sensors readings. The paper also reports on the required time and storage size during the management and querying of sensor data.
Mobile application projects for mca in gagner, chennaiGagnertech
Mobile Apps (Android):
Our Mobile Application Development is the process by which application software is developed for small low-power handheld devices such as personal digital assistants, enterprise digital assistants or mobile phones. Gagner Applications are either pre-installed on phones during manufacture, or downloaded by customers from various mobile software distribution platforms.
Android IOS and Windows Mobile support typical application binaries as found on personal computers with code which executes in the native machine format of the processor (the ARM architecture is a dominant design used on many current models).Mobile applications debugging on a PC without a processor emulator, and also supports the Portable Executable (PE) format associated with the .NET Framework. Windows Mobile and iOS offer free SDKs and integrated development environments to developers. Machine language executables offer considerable performance advantages over Java.
Business Capability-centric Management of Services and Business Process ModelsWassim Derguech
With the advent of Industry 4.0, more and more companies are actively working on digitising their assets (i.e., services, processes, etc.) for better control, collaboration, modularity, analysis, etc. By 2020 more than 80% of companies will have digitised their business processes and value chains. This creates more services and processes, making their indexing, discovery, configuration, etc. more challenging. Thus, digitising assets needs a data model to describe them together with algorithms for indexing, discovery and configuration.
This thesis details a concept model for describing the business capability of services and business processes from a functional perspective in terms of what do they achieve together with related business properties. Furthermore, this work proposes the aggregation, indexing, discovery and configuration of services and business processes using the concept of business capability.
An Autonomic Approach to Real-Time Predictive Analytics using Open Data and ...Wassim Derguech
Public datasets are becoming more and more available for organizations. Both public and private data can be used to drive innovations and new solutions to various problems. The Internet of Things (IoT) and Open Data are particularly promising in real time predictive data analytics for effective decision support. The main challenge in this context is the dynamic selection of open data and IoT sources to support predictive analytics. This issue is widely discussed in various domains including economics, market analysis, energy usage, etc. Our case study is the prediction of energy usage of a building using open data and IoT. We propose a two-step solution: (1) data management: collection, filtering and warehousing and (2) data analytics: source selection and prediction. This work has been evaluated in real settings using IoT sensors and open weather data.
This is a presentation made by Wassim Derguech at the Waternomics final event on 31/01/2017 for sharing the project contribution for the management of data sources: sensor data, enterprise data and open data
Extensions to the CBDI-SAE SOA Meta Model.
[http://everware-cbdi.com/index.php?cID=22&cType=document ]
Purpose:
- Conceptual level modeling exercise to scope changes to (packages of) detailed model.
- Communicate relationships between Cloud Computing and SOA
- From a Consumer’s perspective
Background:
The CBDI-SAE SOA meta model is a detailed meta class model providing precision necessary to support architecture and design deliverable and complementary asset and life cycle repository schema.
The CBDI-SAE model is the basis for the CBDI-SAE UML Profile which is aligned with SoaML.
Nomenclature
Meta Class Naming: Xxxxx::Yxxxxx = SAE Package::SAEMeta Class
Multiciplicity: Simplified, either one of many
Note: The Packages ITSM and Security are currently not defined in the CBDI-SAE model, and are placeholders representing a requirement.
MR^3: Meta-Model Management based on RDFs Revision ReflectionTakeshi Morita
We propose a tool to manage several sorts of relationships among RDF and RDFS. Our tool consists of three main functions: graphical editing of RDF contents, graphical editing of RDFS contents, and meta-model management facility. Metamodel management facility supports maintenance of relationship between RDF and RDFS contents. The above facilities are implemented based on plug-in system. We provide basic plug-in modules for consistency checking of RDFS classes and properties. The prototyping tool, called MR^3 (Meta-Model Management based on RDFs Revision Reflection), is implemented by Java language. Through the experiment of using MR^3, we show how MR^3 contributes the Semantic Web paradigm from the standpoint of RDFs contents management.
A talk I presented at vNext Orange County, 25th of February 2013 about the importance of delivering business value and how you as a developer can much easier meet the requirements of the end user by applying practices like DDD and utilizing things like CQRS and MVVM to help decouple your software and focus better.
An Autonomic Approach to Real-Time Predictive Analytics using Open Data and ...Wassim Derguech
Public datasets are becoming more and more available for organizations. Both public and private data can be used to drive innovations and new solutions to various problems. The Internet of Things (IoT) and Open Data are particularly promising in real time predictive data analytics for effective decision support. The main challenge in this context is the dynamic selection of open data and IoT sources to support predictive analytics. This issue is widely discussed in various domains including economics, market analysis, energy usage, etc. Our case study is the prediction of energy usage of a building using open data and IoT. We propose a two-step solution: (1) data management: collection, filtering and warehousing and (2) data analytics: source selection and prediction. This work has been evaluated in real settings using IoT sensors and open weather data.
This is a presentation made by Wassim Derguech at the Waternomics final event on 31/01/2017 for sharing the project contribution for the management of data sources: sensor data, enterprise data and open data
Extensions to the CBDI-SAE SOA Meta Model.
[http://everware-cbdi.com/index.php?cID=22&cType=document ]
Purpose:
- Conceptual level modeling exercise to scope changes to (packages of) detailed model.
- Communicate relationships between Cloud Computing and SOA
- From a Consumer’s perspective
Background:
The CBDI-SAE SOA meta model is a detailed meta class model providing precision necessary to support architecture and design deliverable and complementary asset and life cycle repository schema.
The CBDI-SAE model is the basis for the CBDI-SAE UML Profile which is aligned with SoaML.
Nomenclature
Meta Class Naming: Xxxxx::Yxxxxx = SAE Package::SAEMeta Class
Multiciplicity: Simplified, either one of many
Note: The Packages ITSM and Security are currently not defined in the CBDI-SAE model, and are placeholders representing a requirement.
MR^3: Meta-Model Management based on RDFs Revision ReflectionTakeshi Morita
We propose a tool to manage several sorts of relationships among RDF and RDFS. Our tool consists of three main functions: graphical editing of RDF contents, graphical editing of RDFS contents, and meta-model management facility. Metamodel management facility supports maintenance of relationship between RDF and RDFS contents. The above facilities are implemented based on plug-in system. We provide basic plug-in modules for consistency checking of RDFS classes and properties. The prototyping tool, called MR^3 (Meta-Model Management based on RDFs Revision Reflection), is implemented by Java language. Through the experiment of using MR^3, we show how MR^3 contributes the Semantic Web paradigm from the standpoint of RDFs contents management.
A talk I presented at vNext Orange County, 25th of February 2013 about the importance of delivering business value and how you as a developer can much easier meet the requirements of the end user by applying practices like DDD and utilizing things like CQRS and MVVM to help decouple your software and focus better.
A talk I presented at Southern California Team System, 26th of February 2013 about the importance of delivering business value and how you as a developer can much easier meet the requirements of the end user by applying practices like DDD and utilizing things like CQRS and MVVM to help decouple your software and focus better.
Presented at Intelligent Content 2010 in Palm Springs, California, in February 2010. Takes a rather harsh look at what is usually called "Enterprise Content Management" and declares that none have been realized as yet. It then introduces the concept of "Intelligent Content Management" which is then put forward as what ECM must become in order to succeed. Core of the presentation really focuses on the methodology associated with implementing "Intelligent Content Management" and on explaining why managing intelligent content is so persistently challenging.
erCore is an extension of the eReportal platform. With a selective class of proprietary API- like components and modular logics, erCore's offerings can enhance existing technologies or provide baseline power to deploy new ones. Where the balance between buy vs. build may pivot, erCore targets rapid ROI and strategic flexibility - either to deliver a completed custom application or to serve internal build efforts.
This presentation uses case studies to introduce the primary failing of content management projects - the fact that most of the attention, and almost all of the investment, is directed towards everything but the content.
Leveraging Matching Dependencies for Guided User Feedback in Linked Data Appl...Umair ul Hassan
https://www.insight-centre.org/content/leveraging-matching-dependencies-guided-user-feedback-linked-data-applications
Presented at IIWeb2012
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a new approach for managing integration quality and user feedback, for entity consolidation, within applications consuming Linked Open Data. The quality of a dataspace containing multiple linked datasets is defined in term of a utility measure, based on domain specific matching dependencies. Furthermore, the user is involved in the consolidation process through soliciting feedback about identity resolution links, where each candidate link is ranked according to its benefit to the dataspace; calculated by approximating the improvement in the utility of dataspace utility. The approach
evaluated on real world and synthetic datasets demonstrates the effectiveness of utility measure; through dataspace integration quality improvement that requires less overall user feedback iterations.
Content Oriented Architectures: Putting Content at the Center of CM ProjectsScott Abel
Presented by Joe Gollner at Documentation and Training East, October
The most common mistake found in content management projects is rather
surprising. The reason most CM projects falter is that the project
team, and frequently its stakeholders, become unduly enamored with
some piece of technology and assume, or hope, that one or two
applications will erase all of the challenges surrounding the
creation, management, reuse and delivery of content. When a particular
collection of applications fail to deliver on the expectations, the
usual response is to insert even more applications. With each new
application that is introduced, a number of connectors and patches are
also added so that one tool can work with the others that are already
in place. This continues until, with seeming inevitability, these
projects crumble under the weight of growing system complexity. These
projects fail, in short, because, in becoming fixated on technology,
they essentially forget about their content.
This presentation will use a number of project cases studies, some
older and some exceedingly current, to illustrate the downward path
that most CM projects follow. While this might sound ominous, this
journey will actually arrive at a hopeful conclusion. If CM projects
place content at the center of their solution designs, adopting in
effect a Content Oriented Architecture (COA), it becomes possible for
projects to use technology, even exploit it, in ways that emphasize
helping authors, publishers and content users. Under this model, the
quality and usefulness of the content assets becomes the overriding
focus and where automation is introduced it is to either further
improve the quality of the content or to reduce the cost and effort
needed to achieve the desired results. Examples of successful projects
will be used to prove that Content Oriented Architectures are not
really new and that they do deliver results that endure over time.
A Capability Requirements Approach for Predicting Worker Performance in Crowd...Umair ul Hassan
https://www.insight-centre.org/content/capability-requirements-approach-predicting-worker-performance-crowdsourcing
Presented at CollaborateCom 2013
Abstract:
Assigning heterogeneous tasks to workers is an important challenge of crowdsourcing platforms. Current approaches to task assignment have primarily focused on contentbased approaches, qualifications, or work history. We propose an
alternative and complementary approach that focuses on what capabilities workers employ to perform tasks. First, we model various tasks according to the human capabilities required to perform them. Second, we capture the capability traces of the
crowd workers performance on existing tasks. Third, we predict performance of workers on new tasks to make task routing decisions, with the help of capability traces. We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach on three different tasks including fact
verification, image comparison, and information extraction. The results demonstrate that we can predict worker’s performance based on worker capabilities. We also highlight limitations and extensions of the proposed approach.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...
Web Service Capability Meta Model
1. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Web Service Capability
Meta Model
Sami Bhiri, Wassim Derguech and Maciej Zaremba
WebIST, Porto, Portugal, 2012
Copyright 2009 Digital Enterprise Research Institute. All rights reserved.
1
2. Capability: Informal Definition
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Central concept in (semantic) information systems
A service is an access mechanism to a certain capability.
A Business process is a set of ordered activities aiming to achieve a
business goal.
Capability = What an action (Program, Business Process, Task)
does from a functional perspective.
Synonyms: Business Function, Functionality
Related terms: Business Goal, Consumer Request
2
3. Examples of capabilities
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
FedexShipment: is a capability for Shipping
packages under 50 Kg,
serving certain routes,
the price depends on the source, destination and the weight of
the package; i.e. different formulas for computing the price based
on other attributes.
FedexOffer:
Shipping of a 10Kg Package from Ireland to Singapore on 2012-
02-15 for 200 Dollars.
3
4. Capability modelling problems
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Attribute dependency
:From and :To attributes are interdependent.
The :Price attribute depends on the attributes :From, :To and
:Package.
Dynamic attributes
The :Price may depend on the current exchange rate or the
company workload.
make it hard if not impossible to model non static and
attribute-interdependent capabilities.
4
5. Limitations of current approaches
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Current approaches consider capabilities as (annotated)
invocation interfaces and not as functionalities.
Capabilities are described at several levels of abstraction in
terms of IOPE. However, there is no explicit links between
these levels. And a manual intervention is needed to
determine the concrete capability.
Especially do not represent (and manipulate) concrete
capabilities which correspond to consumers' requests
5
6. Principles of our meta model
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Three principles
A capability is described via domain specific features.
A concrete capability often depends on the Customer’s Request
and is dynamically generated.
Capabilities are described at different levels of abstraction and
links between these levels are explicitly captured.
6
7. Principles of our meta model
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Three principles
A capability is described via domain specific features.
A concrete capability often depends on the Customer’s Request
and is dynamically generated.
Capabilities are described at different levels of abstraction and
links between these levels are explicitly captured.
7
8. Domain Specific Attributes
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
A capability is described by an action verb and a set of
attribute values pairs.
Each attribute describes a particular intrinsic property of
the capability.
The action verb as well as the attributes are defined in
domain related ontology. Such ontology gives all
possible attributes a particular capability needs in
addition to their possible values.
8
9. Cap. meta Model: one basic principle
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
A capability is described by an action verb and a set of
attribute values pairs.
hasAttribute hasValue
Capability Attribute AttributeValue
owl:Thing
do
ActionVerb
9
10. Principles of our meta model
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Three principles
A capability is described via domain specific features.
A concrete capability often depends on the Customer’s Request
and is dynamically generated.
Capabilities are described at different levels of abstraction and
links between these levels are explicitly captured.
10
11. Dynamic generation of capability offers
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
FedexShipment: is a capability for Shipping
packages under 50 Kg,
serving certain routes,
the price depends on the source, destination and the weight of
the package; i.e. different formulas for computing the price based
on other attributes.
FedexOffer:
Shipping of a 10Kg Package from Ireland to Singapore on 2012-
02-15 for 200 Dollars.
11
12. Capability Category and Offer (1/2)
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
A capability Offer corresponds to a concrete functionality that corresponds to
a consumer need.
The attributes of a capability offer have concrete or a set of concrete values.
A capability Category corresponds to a category of capability Offers.
A capability category does not correspond to a concrete need of a particular
consumer.
Analogy with OOP: a capability Category corresponds to a Class, a
capability Offer corresponds to an object.
12
13. Capability Category and Offer (2/2)
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
A capability Category can be seen as a factory for generating capability
Offers according to consumers’ requests.
A capability offer is dynamically generated for a specific customer.
We say that a certain capability offer is a variantof the corresponding
capability Category.
Current meta models can not describe capability offers.
However, what consumers are interested in are capability offers.
13
14. BF meta Model: Complete picture
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Capability ActionVerb
do
hasAttribute
hasMax
hasValue hasMin
Attribute AttributeValue
hasElement
RangeAttValue
CoAttribute ProAttribute Co&Pro Attribute
EnumerationAttValue
ConstrainedAttValue
DynamicAttValue
CondAttValue
hasEvaluator
hasEvaluator hasCondition constrainedBy
Expression Constraint
hasExpression
ExprType: String
ExprValue: String
14
15. Matching of a consumer request
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Consumer Request BF Category
Values of Possible Values of Values or how to compute
Hard
Co Preferences Co and Co&Pro the values of Pro and
Constraints
attributes attributes Co&Pro attributes
1. Does the Capability category support the No There is
input values requested by the consumer? no match
Yes
2. Generate the Capability offer(s) that corresponds to the
consumer request
Yes
Capability
offer
3. Does the generated Capability offer satisfy the No There is
hard constraints specified by the consumer request? no match
Control flow Capability
offer
Data flow Cability Offer(s)
That matches the CR
15
16. Principles of our meta model
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Three principles
A capability is described via domain specific features.
A concrete capability often depends on the Customer’s Request
and is dynamically generated.
Capabilities are described at different levels of abstraction and
links between these levels are explicitly captured.
16
17. Example of capabilities
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
ShippingCap1 ShippingCap2 ShippingCap3
From: International From: Europe From: Europe
To: International To: Europe To: Europe
Express: Boolean
ShippingCap4 ShippingCap5 ShippingCap6
From: International From: Europe From: International
To: International To: Europe To: International
Express: Boolean PickUpDate: Date PickUpDate: Date
ShippingCap7 ShippingCap8
From: International From: Europe
To: International To: Europe
PickUpDate: Date PickUpDate: Date
Express:Bool Express:Bool
17
18. Specification Relation
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Definition: Let Cap1 and Cap2 be two capabilities, Cap1
specifies Cap2 if
|Cap1.attributes| = |Cap2.attributes| and
∀ at1 ∈ Cap1.attributes and ∀ at2 ∈ Cap2.attributes / at1 is a
subtype or sametype of at2
∃ at1 ∈ Cap1.attributes and ∃ at2 ∈ Cap2.attributes / at1 is a
subtype of at2
ShippingCap2 ShippingCap1
From: Europe specify From: International
To: Europe To: International
18
19. Extension Relation
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Definition: Let Cap1 and Cap2 be two capabilities, Cap1
extends Cap2 if
Cap2.attributes ⊂ Cap1.attributes and
|Cap1.attributes| > |Cap2.attributes|
ShippingCap5 ShippingCap2
extend From: Europe
From: Europe
To: Europe
To: Europe
PickUpDate: Date
19
20. Explicit links between abstraction levels
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Capability
rdf:type rdf:type
rdf:type
ShippingCap
ActionVerb: d:Shippment
cap:variantOf From: ship:SourceAddress cap:variantOf
To: ship:TargetAddress
Fedex Pckg: ship:Package TNT
ActionVerb: Price: ship:ShippingPrice ActionVerb:
From: …. From: ….
To: …. FedexOffer To: ….
ship: …. cap:variantOf From: Ireland ship: ….
Pckg: .... To: Singapore Pckg: ....
….
20
21. Back To Our Principles
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Three principles
A capability is described via domain specific features.
Domain specific ontology for defining the action verb and attributes
A concrete capability often depends on the Customer’s Request
and is dynamically generated.
Attribute types allow for generating capability offers during the
matching process
Capabilities are described at different levels of abstraction and
links between these levels are explicitly captured.
Specification and extension relations between capabilities
21
22. What Can This Meta Model Do?
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Describes capability categories and capability offers in a uniform
way.
Especially, it is able to describe concrete capabilities that
correspond to consumers’ concrete needs.
In addition, it draws the relation between capability categories and
capability offers.
Attributes as well as their values are first class citizens, clearly
and easily identifiable.
Makes use of linked open data for describing capabilities.
22
23. Future Work
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Investigate other kinds of relations that might exist
between capabilities.
Zoom into global relations to define fine grained
relations.
Automation support for maintaining the capabilities
cloud/hierarchy.
23