Web application development

What do you mean by Meta tag? Explain its use with example. 7M
Meta tag:
1. The <meta> tag provides metadata about the HTML document.
2. Meta elements are typically used to specify page description, keywords, author of the
document, last modified and other metadata.
3. The metadata can be used by browsers, search engines or other web services.
4. Attributes of <meta> tag:
Style: to give style.
charset: Specifies the character encoding for the HTML document
content: Gives the value associated with the http-equiv or name attribute
http-equiv: Provides an HTTP header for the information/value of the content attribute
name: Specifies a name for the metadata
scheme: Specifies a scheme to be used to interpret the value of the content attribute
5. Syntax of <meta> tag:
<meta style=””> name=”” content=””>=””>>
6. Use of meta tag:
i. Description: To specify page description.
ii. Keywords: To set keywords.
iii. Author of the document: To set author of the document.
iv. Last modified: To display date of last modification.
v. Viewport: To set viewport for the website to make website look good on all devices.
7. Example:
Setting the viewport to make your website look good on all devices:
<meta style="color:red"> name="color:mediumblue">="viewport"
content="color:mediumblue">="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"="color:mediumblue">>

What is XML? Write XML file to store personal information of the student. 7M
XML:
1. XML is abbreviation for Extensible Markup Language.
2. XML was developed to describe data and to focus on what the data represent.
3. XML is a resembling language with HTML.
4. It was developed for describing data.
5. The XML tags are not pre-defined in XML.
6. Users have to create tags according to their needs.
XML file to store personal information of the student:
Student.xml:
<student_data>
<student>
<name>ABC</name>
<rollno>1</rollno>
<class>5th</class>
<division>A</division>
</student>
<student>
<name>DEF</name>
<rollno>2</rollno>
<class>5th</class>
</student>
<student>

<name>MNO</name>
<rollno>3</rollno>
<class>5th</class>
</student>
<student>
<name>XYZ</name>
<rollno>4</rollno>
<class>5th</class>
</student>
</student_data>
Explain the following with example 7M
i. Unordered lists
ii. Ordered lists
iii. Nested lists
iv. Definition lists.
i. Unordered list:
1. An unordered list is list of unordered values. Unordered list are bulleted values.
2. An unordered list is used when the sequence of items is not important.
3. Unordered list is created using <UL> tag and its ending </UL> tag.
4. List items are created using <LI> tag.
5. UL stands for unordered list and LI stands for list item.
6. Syntax:

<ul>
<li>
<li>
</ul>
7. Example:
<html>
<head><title>unordered list</title></head>
<body>
<b>Railway stations</b>
<ul>
<li>DADAR</li>
<li>ANDHERI</li>
<li>MALAD</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
Output:
ii. Ordered list:
1. An ordered list is list of ordered values. Ordered list are numbered values.
2. An ordered list is used when the sequence of items is important.

3. Ordered list is created using <OL> tag and its ending </OL> tag.
5. OL stands for ordered list and LI stands for list item.
6. Syntax:
<ol>
<li>
<li>
</ol>
7. Example:
<html>
<head><title>ordered list</title></head>
<body>
<b>Railway stations</b>
<ol>
<li>DADAR</li>
<li>ANDHERI</li>
<li>MALAD</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
Output:

iii. Nested lists:
1. Nested list is list of values inside other values.
2. Nested list is used when there are more items inside one item.
3. Nested list is created using list tags inside another list tags.
5. Syntax:
<ol>
<li>
<ol><li></ol>
</ol>
7. Example: Following example shows nested ordered list.
<h1>Nested Ordered List of city</h1>
<ol>
<li>Mumbai</li>
<ol>
<li>with railway stations</li>
<ol>
<li>DADAR</li>
<li>ANDHERI</li>
<li>MALAD</li>

</ol>
<li>without railway stations</li>
<ol>
<li>WORLI</li>
<li>JUHU</li>
<li>COLABA</li>
</ol>
</ol>
<li>Navi Mumbai</li>
<ol>
<li>with railway stations</li>
<ol>
<li>VASHI</li>
<li>BELAPUR</li>
<li>JUINAGAR</li>
</ol>
<li>without railway station</li>
<ol>
<li>SANPADA</li>
<li>MANPADA</li>
</ol>
</ol>
</ol>
Output:

iv. Definition lists:
1. Definition list is simply called a list with definitions.
2. A definition list is composed of three HTML elements <dl>, <dt> and <dd>.
3. <dl> is called container element.
4. <dt> element is the term currently being defined in the definition list.
5. <dd> is the definition description element that contains data that describes a definition term.
6. Syntax:
<dl>
<dt>Element</dt>
<dd>Description</dd>
</dl>
7. Example:
<dl>
<dt>CSS</dt>

<dd>CSS stands for cascading stylesheet.
CSS is used to format web pages.</dd>
</dl>
Output:
What components are used by modern email? 4M
Components of an effective modern email:
1. From label
2. Subject line
3. Pre-Header
4. Content
5. Call to Action
6. Images
7. Social media buttons
8. Unsubscribe option
1. From label:
i. Email starts with the “from” label. Receiver keeps attention to where an email comes from, so
“from” label is important.
ii. Sender should be make sure that the “from” label matches company or sender name.
iii. ”From” label helps to easily identify the source of the email.
2. Subject line:
i. This is the subject of the email.
ii. Subject lines are important to offer customers the best deal or information.
iii. Sender can send email without subject.
3. Pre-Header:

i. Some email consists pre-header below subject line.
ii. Reader can get little information before opening the email using pre header.
4. Content:
i. This is the main part of the email.
ii. It consists of the message or information that sender wants to send.
5. Call to Action:
i. This is the point of every email to get subscribers to take some kind of action.
6. Images:
i. A picture is a worthy of a thousand words.
ii. If sender wants to send images, he/she can send images in email.
7. Social media buttons:
i. To get customers connected to our social media pages.
ii. Sender can give links of Facebook, Twitter and YouTube pages below email.
8. Unsubscribe option:
i. Email must include a way for customers to opt out from receiving emails in future.
ii. Sender can put Unsubscribe link at the bottom of the email.
Write the points those should be considered while planning a website. 7M
The following points should be considered while planning a website:
1. Choosing a domain or host:
Domain name should be great simple spelling and brand identity into the domain name leads to
a higher chance of being located in search engine results.
2. Backend services:
It is not possible to develop website without backend. A website without backend is similar to a
sports car without engine which is useless.
3. Clean design:

This is the important thing in website design. The design of your website should be attractive
and user understandable.
4. Effective colour scheme:
Color schemes are more important than customers realize. Different colors have the ability to
evoke emotional responses such as calm, happiness or frustration.
5. Branding:
Branding is important for all the large and small businesses. This includes professionally
designed logos and picture quality as well as place of the logo on website.
6. Functionality:
All the functions of the website should working in proper. There should be no error or broken
links in website.
7. Navigation:
Website should be simple and user understandable to navigate. To improve navigation one can
use site maps into website.
8. Usability:
Website should be easy to use. Usability can increases by giving all the information in proper
way.
9. Call to action:
Placing call on website helps customers to contact your business.
10. Short loading times:
Website should load faster. If speed of your website is very slow then the user will not reuse
your website again.
11. Active blog:
Featuring a blog on your website is the great way to connect with customers.
12. SEO-Friendly code:
The code of website should be clear and SEO friendly code. SEO-Friendly code acts as a guide
for search engine spiders by providing a clear picture of your site content.

13. Compatibility with multiple browsers:
Website should run on multiple browsers.
14. Mobile sites vs. responsive sites:
Website should be available on any devices.
15. Integration with social media:
Social media are very helpful to promote website brand.
16. Captcha tests:
Captcha tests are used to check whether a user is human or robot.
17. Effective security:
Websites must prevent security from malwares, viruses and hackers from both the front ends
and back ends.
18. Offsite reviews:
Obtaining reviews on third party websites adds to your brand’s credibility. Claimyour business
profile on third party review sites like Google and Yelp.
19. Customer testimonials:
Customer testimonials can be used to promote your website.
20. Google+ author verification:
It is required to complete Google+ authorization for your website.
21. Comprehensive sitemap:
Website must have great sitemap which helps customer to easily use website.
22. Original content:
The content of your website should be original, high quality and relevant to your company or
product.
23. Stock images:
The images used into your website should not be copyrighted or images must be copyright free.

24. Tracking:
Keep track on your website using tools provided by Google to monitor traffic, engagement and
conversion rates of your website.
Why do you need validation? Show the use of regular expression in JavaScript to
validate the email address with example. 7M
1. Validating email is a very important point while validating an HTML form.
2. HTML form validation can be done by JavaScript.
3. If a form field is empty, JavaScript function alerts a message and returns false to prevent the
form from being submitted.
4. Data validation is the process of ensuring that the user input is clean, correct and useful.
5. Validation can be defined and deployed in many different ways.
i. Server side validation is performed by a web server after input has been sent to the server.
ii. Client side validation is performed by a web browser before input is sent to a web server.
6. In case of email validation JavaScript function checks that email address consists of dotpos(.)
and atpos(@) sign.
7. Email validation is required to check that the user has entered valid email address or not.
8. JavaScript function checks the user entered value and it written true or false message to the
user.
9. Example of some valid email id:
mysite@gmail.com, my.site@domain.org, mysite@yahoo.co.in
10. Example of email validation in JavaScript:
Emailvalidation.html:
<html>
<head>
<script>
function validateForm()

{
var x = document.forms["myForm"]["email"].value;
var atpos = x.indexOf("@");
var dotpos = x.lastIndexOf(".");
if (atpos<1 || dotpos<atpos+2 || dotpos+2>=x.length)
{
alert("Not a valid e-mail address! It should contain '@' and '.'");
return false;
}
else
{
alert("Email validation successful...")
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form name="myForm" action="" onsubmit="return validateForm();" method="post">
Email: <input type="text" name="email">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
Output:

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