Program or software is a series of related instructions organized for a common purpose
Tells the computer what tasks to do and how to perform them
An application, or app, is designed to make users more productive or to help them accomplish a task
An operating system is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among a computer or mobile device hardware
To use an app your computer or mobile device must be running an operating system
Every time you turn on your device, the operating system is copied from the computer’s hardware into memory
Desktop operating systems include: macOS, Windows, Linux, and Chrome OS
Mobile operating systems include: iOS and Windows (mobile edition)
Native app: written for a specific platform and installed on a device (sometimes pre-installed, sometimes available for purchase or free installation from the app store)
Cloud app: uses software not stored on your device, as long as you are connected to the Internet (social media, email, online calendars)
Web app: accessed by visiting a website in your browser
Mobile web app: runs on mobile device. Not always different from a web app. Developers will include responsive web design, making the app optimized for the display
Client Side Scripting / Coding - Client Side Scripting is the type of code that is executed or interpreted by browsers.
Client Side Scripting is generally viewable by any visitor to a site (from the view menu click on "View Source" to view the source code).
Server Side Scripting / Coding - Server Side Scripting is the type of code that is executed or interpreted by the web server.
Server Side Scripting is not viewable or accessible by any visitor or general public.
PHP (linux/unix), zend framework (php’s object oriented web app framework), asp/asp.net (windows), coldfusion (adobe)
A web developer is a programmer who specializes in the development of web apps / Design, code, and modify websites / Goals are to meet client’s specifications, user-friendly, visually appealing / “Web development,” however generally refers to the actually coding and programming, not the design aspects
There are three types of web developers:
Front-end: layout and visuals
Back-end: functionality, data collection
Full-stack: building a “platform” so that no additional software is needed to run the application
Lifecycle model. Tech is constantly updating and changing, and those in charge of web development need to keep up with these changes. There are many lifestyle practices, including timeboxing, scrum, extreme programming, and feature-driven development.
Extreme programming (XP) is a software development methodology which is intended to improve software quality and responsiveness to changing customer requirements. Feature driven development’s main purpose is to deliver tangible, working software repeatedly in a timely manner. Emphasizes releasing new updates often.
Scrum is an agile framework for managing work with an emphasis on software development. It is designed for development teams from three to nine members who break their work into actions that can be completed within timeboxed iterations, called sprints (30 days or less, most commonly two weeks) and track progress and re-plan in 15-minute stand-up meetings, called daily scrums
Number of different types of software in regards to distribution. Retail software, open source software, freeware, public domain software, custom software, shareware
Retail software: software you buy. Mass-produced, copyrighted, wide variety of users.
Custom software: specific function for a business or industry that cannot find software that fits their needs. Much more expensive than retail software.
Open-source software: provided for use, modification, and redistribution. May have restrictions on copyright. Often downloadable from internet at no cost.
Shareware: free trial, after which you must pay. You may be charged automatically if you don’t cancel. Sometimes a scaled-down version is distributed for free and users may receive the full version with payment
Freeware: copyrighted software with no charge. Free indicates it has no cost, not that you’re free to reuse.
Public domain: donated for public use, no copyright restrictions. No cost.
we all depend on the fundamentals of code each and every day. President Obama has unveiled a new initiative called “Computer Science for All” that has been backed by and invested in by big names, including the Turner Broadcasting Network. Program called hour of code – one hour of introduction to computer science to “demystify” coding.
It helps nurture problem-solving skills, logic and creativity. By starting early, students will have a foundation for success in any 21st-century career path. Additionally, we no longer live in an age where tech professionals are the only ones who have any need to know how to code. It’s beneficial for everyone to know in order to have better control of technology they use every day.
Code.org
Codecademy
Freecodecamp.com
Websites that allow you to learn for free in the form of freeware or for a free trial or scaled down version of the full features in the form of shareware. Also hour of code if you attend a sponsored event.
Writing web applications is often simplified by the use of web application frameworks such as Django, Ruby on Rails, and Symfony. These frameworks facilitate rapid application development by allowing a development team to focus on the parts of their application which are unique to their goals without having to resolve common development issues such as user management. Many of the frameworks in use are open-source software.
Productivity, graphics and media, personal interest, communications, security, file management