This document provides information about different types of weather and storms. It discusses temperature, precipitation, wind, visibility and clouds as factors that describe weather. Various weather phenomena are described such as thunderstorms, tornadoes, hurricanes, and winter storms. Thunderstorms form from warm humid air that rises rapidly to form thunderclouds, producing heavy rain and sometimes hail or lightning from the movement of positive and negative charges. Tornadoes are rapidly spinning funnel clouds. Hurricanes are tropical cyclones with high winds that can cause flooding from heavy rain and storm surge. Winter storms bring heavy snow and cold temperatures. Safety tips are provided for different storm conditions.
Class 7th science chapter 8. Winds, Storms and CyclonesSwayam Khobragade
This ppt file is converted into pdf so if u want to use it you may download it and convert it into ppt so u can use it for expaining the concepts of this chapter...... This ppt contains only the information given in the textbook.. This ppt also have the keywords,exercises and other basic knowledge....
Class 7th science chapter 8. Winds, Storms and CyclonesSwayam Khobragade
This ppt file is converted into pdf so if u want to use it you may download it and convert it into ppt so u can use it for expaining the concepts of this chapter...... This ppt contains only the information given in the textbook.. This ppt also have the keywords,exercises and other basic knowledge....
Tornado Presentation , Formation of tornado , Causes , Types , Mitigation of ...Chandan Pradhan
Tornado is a violently rotating columns of air that extent form thunderstorm to the ground.
It is also called twister .
it can take various shape with the wind direction.
about the formation and causes and impacts of the cyclone formation in the earth. and cyclone formed in the INDIA region whole about the briefly explained about cyclone
3 25 2015 severe weather ppt 014[1] with notesaalleyne
S6E4b Relate unequal heating of land and water surfaces to form large global wind systems and weather events such as tornados and thunderstorms. c Relate how moisture evaporating from the oceans affects the weather patterns and weather events such as hurricanes
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Tornado Presentation , Formation of tornado , Causes , Types , Mitigation of ...Chandan Pradhan
Tornado is a violently rotating columns of air that extent form thunderstorm to the ground.
It is also called twister .
it can take various shape with the wind direction.
about the formation and causes and impacts of the cyclone formation in the earth. and cyclone formed in the INDIA region whole about the briefly explained about cyclone
3 25 2015 severe weather ppt 014[1] with notesaalleyne
S6E4b Relate unequal heating of land and water surfaces to form large global wind systems and weather events such as tornados and thunderstorms. c Relate how moisture evaporating from the oceans affects the weather patterns and weather events such as hurricanes
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
3. Weather is the condition of the
atmosphere at a particular time
and place.
The atmosphere is the blanket of air that wraps around the planet.
Water affects weather
all over earth.
Affecting something
is to change it.
4. • Weather can be described in terms of : Temperature, Precipitation
(snow, rain & hail), Wind speed and direction, Visibility and cloud
amounts.
• Weather is an important part of everyone's life. it affects what we
wear, what we do and where and how we live. We cannot control
weather, but we can predict it.
WHEN YOU PREDICT
SOMETHING , YOU TELL
WHAT IS LIKELY GOING
TO HAPPEN IN THE
FUTURE.
TEMPERATURE IS A
MEASURE OF HOW
COLD OR HOT
SOMETHING IS
5. Barometric pressure
• Air has mass, so the atmosphere pushes all things on
Earth.
• The ‘pressing down’ of the atmosphere on Earth is called
barometric pressure or atmospheric pressure.
8. From outer surface, earth
looks mostly blue.
That is because water
covers about three-fourths
of Earth's surface.
Most of that water is in
the ocean.
Smaller amounts of water
are in lakes, streams, and
rivers.
Water is also deep
underground and in
Earth’s atmosphere
9.
10. Graphs & Tables Usefulness
Take a look outside. What's the weather like today? Is the sun
shining? Or is it raining? Is the wind blowing? Have you ever
wondered how many days it rained last month?
Graphs and tables are great ways to track the weather to answer
those questions!
Bar graph uses bars to represent data. Other important parts of the
graph are the title, units, and labels. Every graph must have a title to
tell what information can be found within.
13. A storm is coming!!
A storm is coming! Have you ever looked up at the
sky? Have you ever noticed really dark clouds? That
is a sign that a storm is coming! You better get ready.
14. Storms
• A storm is a violent disturbance in the atmosphere with a lot of wind.
• 4 major types of storms:
• Thunderstorms
• Tornadoes
• Hurricanes
• Winter Storms
• A meteorologist is a scientist who studies weather and tries to predict
it.
15. Thunderstorms
• A thunderstorm is a small storm often accompanied by heavy
precipitation and frequent thunder and lightning.
• Form in large cumulonimbus clouds (also called thunderheads) on
hot, humid afternoons
16. Thunderstorms
• Warm, humid air rises rapidly and
the air cools, forming dense
thunderhead clouds
• Heavy rain falls, sometimes along
with hail
• Within the thunderhead cloud
there are strong updrafts and
downdrafts
17. Lightning
• Lightning is a sudden spark, or electrical discharge
• Positive and negative charges jump between parts of a cloud, or
between nearby clouds, or between a cloud and the ground
18. Thunderstorms
• Lightning heats the air to 30,000oC
• Thunder is the sound of the rapidly heated air expanding suddenly
and explosively
• Light travels faster than sound so you see lightning before you hear
thunder
19.
20. Calculating Lightning Distances
• Watch the sky for a flash of lightning.
• Count the number of seconds until you hear thunder.
• Divide the number of seconds by 5 to calculate the distance the storm
is away from your location in miles (or divide by 3 for kilometers).
• Ex: If you counted 18 seconds from when you saw the lightning, the strike was
3.6 miles (6 kilometers) from your location.
Divide Number of Seconds by 3
for Distance in Km
or 5 for Distance in Miles.
21. Thunderstorm
Damage
• Flooding/ flash floods
• Fires
• Unconsciousness, burns, death
Safety
• Stay indoors
• Avoid electrical conductors
• Stay low outdoors
• Get out of water
22. Tornadoes
• A tornado is a rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped cloud that reaches
down from a storm cloud to touch Earth’s surface
23. Tornado Formation
• Warm, moist air flows in at the bottom of a
cumulonimbus cloud and moves upward
• A low pressure area forms inside the cloud
• Warm air rotates as it meets winds blowing in
different directions at different altitudes
24. Tornadoes
Damage
• From strong wind and flying debris
Safety
• Move to a shelter, basement, or middle of ground floor
• Stay away from windows
• Lie in a ditch outdoors
26. Hurricanes
Damage
• High waves and flooding
• Wind damage
• Storm surge – dome of ocean water due to low pressure
Safety
• Evacuate
27. Winter Storms
• Heavy snow and extreme cold
Lake-Effect snow – wind picks up moisture from the warmer Great
Lakes. Moisture then precipitates as it is carried over the colder land.
28. Winter Storms
Damage
• Blocked roads
• Crop damage
• Bursts water pipes
Safety
• Find shelter from wind
• Cover exposed body parts
• Run car engine if exhaust is clear
