Solar/Geothermal Energy
By: Levi, Teah, Josh and Hannah L.
Solar energy is radiant energy emitted by the sun that is very difficult to harness. 30% of solar radiation that enters the earth's atmosphere is reflected back into space. Solar panels are helping the economy by reducing electricity costs and providing an alternative to gas for transportation. Products that use solar energy include solar chargers, backpacks, phones, trash cans, cookers, dryers, fans, keyboards, streetlights, and flashlights. Harnessing solar energy requires placing solar panels in locations like roofs where they can absorb the most sunlight. The first solar cells were created in 1889 by Charles Fritts.
The document discusses the differences between the Building with Nature approach and the Resilient by Nature approach to coastal protection. While Building with Nature has been profitable, it essentially just recycles sand and studies and does not provide sustainable solutions. Resilient by Nature learns from coastal systems that are resilient to extreme weather and implements natural systems to improve resilience. It requires more in-depth knowledge and experience with system components than Building with Nature. Customers should be aware of the differences between the approaches to choose effective and sustainable solutions for coastal protection.
Seven most promising trends of research on SustainabilityyMrinmoy Majumder
To create the "World with Sustainable Future", the entry-level researchers must march towards sustainability not only to accomplish their career goals but to develop projects that can ensure our future generation about their comfortable co-existence. The seven most promising trend that is depicted below indicates where we must encourage our innovators to innovate, such that the World become sustainable for its future.
This document discusses an innovative approach called "Resilient by Nature" for addressing climate change impacts through nature-based solutions. It analyzes systems that have proven natural resilience to extreme weather, such as barrier islands and mangroves, identifies features that provide resilience, and proposes applying these features in other vulnerable areas through holistic coastal systems rather than isolated projects. Examples of resilient features include Dauphin Island which experiences little damage from hurricanes due to its small landmass, and mangroves which reduce wave impacts. The document advocates learning from natural resilient systems and implementing solutions like resilient breakwaters, eco-polders, and artificial reefs to enhance safety and resilience against accelerating climate impacts.
The document discusses several topics related to sustainable design and energy efficiency. It begins with a short summary of the importance of sunlight for living organisms and how architects have worked to harness its power while reducing its negative effects. It then lists characteristics of ecologically friendly houses, including being modifiable, informative, interactive, secure and comfortable. Next, it provides ideas for energy efficient construction such as ventilation, insulation, passive solar techniques, water reuse and photovoltaic technology. The document continues with advantages of underground and earth sheltered construction including energy savings, reduced visual impact, stability and protection from weather. Finally, it briefly discusses types of pollution like air, water, soil and noise pollution and main causes of global warming as the greenhouse effect
The document discusses topics related to global climate change including atmospheric composition, air pollution, climate variability, coastal and ocean studies, ecosystems, energy resources, environmental technology, global carbon and water cycles, health, politics, land use, agriculture, observations, modeling, and sustainable development. It then provides brief biographies of 16 individuals who are working on issues related to climate change, renewable energy, sustainability, and environmental protection.
Solar energy comes from the sun and can be used for heating, cooking, desalination, and drying clothes. It is also now used to generate electricity, though it remains more expensive than other sources and its effectiveness varies with climate conditions like cloud cover. The largest solar power plant is located in the Mojave Desert.
Earth Hour is an annual event where people in cities and towns around the world turn off their lights for one hour to raise awareness of environmental issues. In 2012, a record 6,950 cities and towns in 152 countries participated. The document encourages participation in Earth Hour 2013 on March 23rd by having people switch off their lights from 8:30-9:30PM to come together globally behind saving the planet and address the critical challenges it faces.
Solar/Geothermal Energy
By: Levi, Teah, Josh and Hannah L.
Solar energy is radiant energy emitted by the sun that is very difficult to harness. 30% of solar radiation that enters the earth's atmosphere is reflected back into space. Solar panels are helping the economy by reducing electricity costs and providing an alternative to gas for transportation. Products that use solar energy include solar chargers, backpacks, phones, trash cans, cookers, dryers, fans, keyboards, streetlights, and flashlights. Harnessing solar energy requires placing solar panels in locations like roofs where they can absorb the most sunlight. The first solar cells were created in 1889 by Charles Fritts.
The document discusses the differences between the Building with Nature approach and the Resilient by Nature approach to coastal protection. While Building with Nature has been profitable, it essentially just recycles sand and studies and does not provide sustainable solutions. Resilient by Nature learns from coastal systems that are resilient to extreme weather and implements natural systems to improve resilience. It requires more in-depth knowledge and experience with system components than Building with Nature. Customers should be aware of the differences between the approaches to choose effective and sustainable solutions for coastal protection.
Seven most promising trends of research on SustainabilityyMrinmoy Majumder
To create the "World with Sustainable Future", the entry-level researchers must march towards sustainability not only to accomplish their career goals but to develop projects that can ensure our future generation about their comfortable co-existence. The seven most promising trend that is depicted below indicates where we must encourage our innovators to innovate, such that the World become sustainable for its future.
This document discusses an innovative approach called "Resilient by Nature" for addressing climate change impacts through nature-based solutions. It analyzes systems that have proven natural resilience to extreme weather, such as barrier islands and mangroves, identifies features that provide resilience, and proposes applying these features in other vulnerable areas through holistic coastal systems rather than isolated projects. Examples of resilient features include Dauphin Island which experiences little damage from hurricanes due to its small landmass, and mangroves which reduce wave impacts. The document advocates learning from natural resilient systems and implementing solutions like resilient breakwaters, eco-polders, and artificial reefs to enhance safety and resilience against accelerating climate impacts.
The document discusses several topics related to sustainable design and energy efficiency. It begins with a short summary of the importance of sunlight for living organisms and how architects have worked to harness its power while reducing its negative effects. It then lists characteristics of ecologically friendly houses, including being modifiable, informative, interactive, secure and comfortable. Next, it provides ideas for energy efficient construction such as ventilation, insulation, passive solar techniques, water reuse and photovoltaic technology. The document continues with advantages of underground and earth sheltered construction including energy savings, reduced visual impact, stability and protection from weather. Finally, it briefly discusses types of pollution like air, water, soil and noise pollution and main causes of global warming as the greenhouse effect
The document discusses topics related to global climate change including atmospheric composition, air pollution, climate variability, coastal and ocean studies, ecosystems, energy resources, environmental technology, global carbon and water cycles, health, politics, land use, agriculture, observations, modeling, and sustainable development. It then provides brief biographies of 16 individuals who are working on issues related to climate change, renewable energy, sustainability, and environmental protection.
Solar energy comes from the sun and can be used for heating, cooking, desalination, and drying clothes. It is also now used to generate electricity, though it remains more expensive than other sources and its effectiveness varies with climate conditions like cloud cover. The largest solar power plant is located in the Mojave Desert.
Earth Hour is an annual event where people in cities and towns around the world turn off their lights for one hour to raise awareness of environmental issues. In 2012, a record 6,950 cities and towns in 152 countries participated. The document encourages participation in Earth Hour 2013 on March 23rd by having people switch off their lights from 8:30-9:30PM to come together globally behind saving the planet and address the critical challenges it faces.
The document discusses measures to both mitigate and adapt to climate change. It states that international cooperation is needed to take regional action to address the changing climate. Some adaptation measures mentioned include building dams to control melting glaciers, relocating people from areas prone to natural disasters caused by climate change, and constructing seawalls to prevent coastal erosion. Mitigation measures proposed encompass using renewable energy, reducing electricity and air conditioning usage, recycling more, making agriculture more sustainable, and favoring alternative transportation to lower emissions. The document stresses that everyone must play a role to both adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change.
The Importance of Construction and Land DevelopmentLeif
In construction planning it is also important to take into consideration the landscape, environmental impacts and others. The slide covers the advantages and explains into detail the importance of the said factors earlier.
This document is a student project on natural disasters that includes an acknowledgements section, index, and sections on floods, flood prevention, roof types (flat, pitched, shell), and a conclusion. It provides information on floods such as their causes, vulnerability atlases, and the function of floodplains. It also describes the key features and advantages/disadvantages of different roof types. The conclusion restates that disasters can result in loss of life/property and defines floods, floodplains, and roofs.
Ecological succession describes the changes in species composition over time in a community. Primary succession occurs in areas without soil, like new volcanic islands, and involves pioneer species creating soil from rocks over long periods of time until a climax community develops. Secondary succession follows a disturbance like a fire or flood where soil remains and the community transitions through different species compositions more quickly until a climax community is reestablished.
The provided document does not contain any substantive information to summarize. It consists of random text fragments that do not form complete sentences or convey meaningful information.
Climate change poses one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. It is exacerbating ecological collapse through impacts on both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Unless serious action is taken by governments, corporations, and society, the damage will continue to increase and pass a point of no return. The document discusses how human activities since the industrial revolution have led to increased CO2 levels and global warming. It proposes that new policies and markets are needed to mitigate climate change impacts and support sustainable development.
Sustainable development aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations. The concept has roots in the 1700s but concern grew in the 1970s. In 1987, the Brundtland Commission report defined sustainable development and raised global awareness. The 1992 Earth Summit established agreements on environment, economy, and society. Sustainable development has three pillars - social, economic, and environmental - that must be balanced for long-term prosperity with environmental protection and social responsibility. Threats include climate change and resource depletion, while measures involve renewable energy, pollution control, and changing production and consumption patterns.
Earth Hour is a global environmental movement organized by WWF where individuals, communities, and businesses show their commitment to the planet by turning off non-essential lights for one hour. It began in 2007 in Sydney, Australia and has grown significantly each year, with over 1.8 billion people from over 135 countries participating in 2011. The document discusses the history and growth of Earth Hour globally and in India, highlighting increasing participation each year. It emphasizes the importance of transitioning to 100% renewable energy to address climate change and meet growing energy demands, especially in India.
Global Dependency to Local Resilience is a document about the Transition Town movement, which began in 2006 in Totnes, England and has since spread globally. The movement aims to build community resilience in response to peak oil and climate change by relocalizing resources like food, energy and goods. It encourages communities to reduce consumption and improve social and environmental conditions through local currency, government, culture and permaculture principles. Transition Milwaukee, formed in 2008, is part of this global transition to more sustainable, community-focused living.
Ramez Naam from Microsoft's Live Search Group will present on biosphere engineering, which could solve major global problems like energy crisis, global warming, deforestation, and more within a couple decades. Biosphere engineering aims to conserve land, create sustainable systems for healthy soils and future food growth, be economical compared to trash shipping/burning, and benefit the environment with reduced emissions and fossil fuel use versus alternatives. The presentation will discuss saving the planet through engineering our ecosystems.
Victoria & James of Macdonald & Company climb Mount Fuji, Japan in aid of Architecture for Humanity to raise cash for victims of the earthquake and tsunami that hit the Japanese coast in 2011.
The document discusses ways for individuals to help reduce global warming through lifestyle changes such as reducing waste, using less energy for heating/cooling, driving less, using energy efficient products, recycling, planting trees, and encouraging others to conserve resources. Adopting responsible habits from an individual level can help address global warming if people become more conscious of the environmental impacts of their daily actions and work to find solutions.
The document discusses potential solutions for addressing issues like global warming and environmental degradation. It suggests adopting renewable energy sources, recycling, using hybrid vehicles, switching to energy-efficient lightbulbs, paying carbon taxes, reducing commuting distances, taking public transit, purchasing green energy, refusing plastic bags, shutting off electronics when not in use, and inventing new solutions. The conclusion emphasizes that everyone must take action to save the planet for future generations.
Save planet earth [autosaved] by lawrence aaron roque youngbloodAaron Aaron
The document discusses various ways that humans can help save the Earth from environmental problems. It suggests planting more trees to increase oxygen and stop cutting down rainforests. It also recommends switching to hybrid vehicles and renewable energy to reduce fossil fuel usage. Recycling is presented as an easy way for everyone to help by following the three R's: reduce, reuse, recycle. The document emphasizes that the world is precious and must be protected for future generations.
L7 ap overcoming global environment issuesandypinks
The document discusses various global environmental issues and potential technological solutions. It addresses land degradation caused by overuse of agricultural techniques and suggests terracing to reduce runoff. Another example given is Africa's Great Green Wall initiative. The document then shifts to discussing global warming, noting a historical focus on terraforming other planets but now a shift toward geoengineering Earth, with examples being building artificial islands higher than sea level in the Maldives and various other geoengineering ideas mentioned in a video.
Environmental change is the sad reality of today and the world doesn’t seem to be awakened enough to do something about it. The good news is that some remarkable organizations like Mobius Foundation are actually creating a difference by constantly working towards dealing with the consequences of climate change.
Pecha Kucha Jakarta 4 - The Climate Project IndonesiaNena Brodjonegoro
The Climate Project Indonesia aims to increase awareness of climate change, its impacts, and solutions at all levels in the country. It utilizes over 50 volunteer presenters to deliver slideshow presentations on climate change topics to various audiences. The presentations provide information on the causes of climate change like land use changes and fossil fuel use, impacts like increased global warming and rising risks of natural disasters, and ways to address climate change through adaptation, mitigation, and reducing individual carbon footprints. The Climate Project also partners with media, government, and businesses to raise awareness through non-partisan means. Its goal is to educate audiences and encourage a "humorous" green lifestyle to demonstrate how individual actions can help mitigate climate change.
The document discusses the need to protect the Earth from pollution and climate change, which are harming the planet. It states that everyone must do their small part by adopting simple habits like turning off lights when not in use, unplugging appliances, recycling, and using less water. Taking small collective actions can significantly help the Earth and may prevent future natural disasters caused by the effects of climate change and human activities. The document provides 18 specific ways for people to help the environment.
- The document discusses environmental pollution and its impacts. It notes that automobiles and other sources produce air pollution every day, harming the environment. While some people think pollution doesn't affect them, it is harming the planet and people's health through contaminated air and water. There are different types of environmental pollution including water, air, and atmospheric pollution. The document advocates for preventing air pollution to avoid issues like global warming, melting ice caps, and rising sea levels that could flood coastal cities. Water pollution from sources like oil spills is also discussed as a major threat.
The document discusses different methods for managing floods to reduce their impact, including both hard and soft engineering techniques. Hard engineering techniques like dams, embankments, and flood walls aim to control rivers through complicated engineering structures, while soft engineering works with natural river processes using methods such as washlands, land-use zoning, and afforestation. The effectiveness and sustainability of management schemes depends on factors like the land value, number of affected people, costs, and how well the schemes control flooding over the long run.
The document discusses various types of natural disasters including earthquakes, droughts, cyclones, and global warming. It provides information on what each type of disaster is, their effects, and protective measures that can be taken. For earthquakes, it notes they result from sudden energy release in the Earth's crust and can seriously damage buildings. Protective measures for earthquakes include earthquake-proof construction and taking shelter. Drought is defined as a prolonged period of below average rainfall, and protective measures involve using water efficiently and collecting rainwater. Cyclones are large rotating air masses that cause heavy rainfall and damage infrastructure, and shelters or reinforced housing can help protect from them. Global warming is caused by greenhouse gases and is raising temperatures,
This document provides guidance and questions for an exam on dynamic planet systems. It outlines that students should answer questions 1-4, 6, and 7, focusing on topics like restless earth, climate change, impacts on biospheres and rainforests, water systems, river processes and pressures, and threats facing oceans. Questions include explaining why some volcanoes/earthquakes have greater impacts, primary and secondary effects of volcanic eruptions, reasons climate change predictions are difficult, managing tensions between development and conservation, and disagreements over ocean resource management.
The document discusses measures to both mitigate and adapt to climate change. It states that international cooperation is needed to take regional action to address the changing climate. Some adaptation measures mentioned include building dams to control melting glaciers, relocating people from areas prone to natural disasters caused by climate change, and constructing seawalls to prevent coastal erosion. Mitigation measures proposed encompass using renewable energy, reducing electricity and air conditioning usage, recycling more, making agriculture more sustainable, and favoring alternative transportation to lower emissions. The document stresses that everyone must play a role to both adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change.
The Importance of Construction and Land DevelopmentLeif
In construction planning it is also important to take into consideration the landscape, environmental impacts and others. The slide covers the advantages and explains into detail the importance of the said factors earlier.
This document is a student project on natural disasters that includes an acknowledgements section, index, and sections on floods, flood prevention, roof types (flat, pitched, shell), and a conclusion. It provides information on floods such as their causes, vulnerability atlases, and the function of floodplains. It also describes the key features and advantages/disadvantages of different roof types. The conclusion restates that disasters can result in loss of life/property and defines floods, floodplains, and roofs.
Ecological succession describes the changes in species composition over time in a community. Primary succession occurs in areas without soil, like new volcanic islands, and involves pioneer species creating soil from rocks over long periods of time until a climax community develops. Secondary succession follows a disturbance like a fire or flood where soil remains and the community transitions through different species compositions more quickly until a climax community is reestablished.
The provided document does not contain any substantive information to summarize. It consists of random text fragments that do not form complete sentences or convey meaningful information.
Climate change poses one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. It is exacerbating ecological collapse through impacts on both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Unless serious action is taken by governments, corporations, and society, the damage will continue to increase and pass a point of no return. The document discusses how human activities since the industrial revolution have led to increased CO2 levels and global warming. It proposes that new policies and markets are needed to mitigate climate change impacts and support sustainable development.
Sustainable development aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations. The concept has roots in the 1700s but concern grew in the 1970s. In 1987, the Brundtland Commission report defined sustainable development and raised global awareness. The 1992 Earth Summit established agreements on environment, economy, and society. Sustainable development has three pillars - social, economic, and environmental - that must be balanced for long-term prosperity with environmental protection and social responsibility. Threats include climate change and resource depletion, while measures involve renewable energy, pollution control, and changing production and consumption patterns.
Earth Hour is a global environmental movement organized by WWF where individuals, communities, and businesses show their commitment to the planet by turning off non-essential lights for one hour. It began in 2007 in Sydney, Australia and has grown significantly each year, with over 1.8 billion people from over 135 countries participating in 2011. The document discusses the history and growth of Earth Hour globally and in India, highlighting increasing participation each year. It emphasizes the importance of transitioning to 100% renewable energy to address climate change and meet growing energy demands, especially in India.
Global Dependency to Local Resilience is a document about the Transition Town movement, which began in 2006 in Totnes, England and has since spread globally. The movement aims to build community resilience in response to peak oil and climate change by relocalizing resources like food, energy and goods. It encourages communities to reduce consumption and improve social and environmental conditions through local currency, government, culture and permaculture principles. Transition Milwaukee, formed in 2008, is part of this global transition to more sustainable, community-focused living.
Ramez Naam from Microsoft's Live Search Group will present on biosphere engineering, which could solve major global problems like energy crisis, global warming, deforestation, and more within a couple decades. Biosphere engineering aims to conserve land, create sustainable systems for healthy soils and future food growth, be economical compared to trash shipping/burning, and benefit the environment with reduced emissions and fossil fuel use versus alternatives. The presentation will discuss saving the planet through engineering our ecosystems.
Victoria & James of Macdonald & Company climb Mount Fuji, Japan in aid of Architecture for Humanity to raise cash for victims of the earthquake and tsunami that hit the Japanese coast in 2011.
The document discusses ways for individuals to help reduce global warming through lifestyle changes such as reducing waste, using less energy for heating/cooling, driving less, using energy efficient products, recycling, planting trees, and encouraging others to conserve resources. Adopting responsible habits from an individual level can help address global warming if people become more conscious of the environmental impacts of their daily actions and work to find solutions.
The document discusses potential solutions for addressing issues like global warming and environmental degradation. It suggests adopting renewable energy sources, recycling, using hybrid vehicles, switching to energy-efficient lightbulbs, paying carbon taxes, reducing commuting distances, taking public transit, purchasing green energy, refusing plastic bags, shutting off electronics when not in use, and inventing new solutions. The conclusion emphasizes that everyone must take action to save the planet for future generations.
Save planet earth [autosaved] by lawrence aaron roque youngbloodAaron Aaron
The document discusses various ways that humans can help save the Earth from environmental problems. It suggests planting more trees to increase oxygen and stop cutting down rainforests. It also recommends switching to hybrid vehicles and renewable energy to reduce fossil fuel usage. Recycling is presented as an easy way for everyone to help by following the three R's: reduce, reuse, recycle. The document emphasizes that the world is precious and must be protected for future generations.
L7 ap overcoming global environment issuesandypinks
The document discusses various global environmental issues and potential technological solutions. It addresses land degradation caused by overuse of agricultural techniques and suggests terracing to reduce runoff. Another example given is Africa's Great Green Wall initiative. The document then shifts to discussing global warming, noting a historical focus on terraforming other planets but now a shift toward geoengineering Earth, with examples being building artificial islands higher than sea level in the Maldives and various other geoengineering ideas mentioned in a video.
Environmental change is the sad reality of today and the world doesn’t seem to be awakened enough to do something about it. The good news is that some remarkable organizations like Mobius Foundation are actually creating a difference by constantly working towards dealing with the consequences of climate change.
Pecha Kucha Jakarta 4 - The Climate Project IndonesiaNena Brodjonegoro
The Climate Project Indonesia aims to increase awareness of climate change, its impacts, and solutions at all levels in the country. It utilizes over 50 volunteer presenters to deliver slideshow presentations on climate change topics to various audiences. The presentations provide information on the causes of climate change like land use changes and fossil fuel use, impacts like increased global warming and rising risks of natural disasters, and ways to address climate change through adaptation, mitigation, and reducing individual carbon footprints. The Climate Project also partners with media, government, and businesses to raise awareness through non-partisan means. Its goal is to educate audiences and encourage a "humorous" green lifestyle to demonstrate how individual actions can help mitigate climate change.
The document discusses the need to protect the Earth from pollution and climate change, which are harming the planet. It states that everyone must do their small part by adopting simple habits like turning off lights when not in use, unplugging appliances, recycling, and using less water. Taking small collective actions can significantly help the Earth and may prevent future natural disasters caused by the effects of climate change and human activities. The document provides 18 specific ways for people to help the environment.
- The document discusses environmental pollution and its impacts. It notes that automobiles and other sources produce air pollution every day, harming the environment. While some people think pollution doesn't affect them, it is harming the planet and people's health through contaminated air and water. There are different types of environmental pollution including water, air, and atmospheric pollution. The document advocates for preventing air pollution to avoid issues like global warming, melting ice caps, and rising sea levels that could flood coastal cities. Water pollution from sources like oil spills is also discussed as a major threat.
The document discusses different methods for managing floods to reduce their impact, including both hard and soft engineering techniques. Hard engineering techniques like dams, embankments, and flood walls aim to control rivers through complicated engineering structures, while soft engineering works with natural river processes using methods such as washlands, land-use zoning, and afforestation. The effectiveness and sustainability of management schemes depends on factors like the land value, number of affected people, costs, and how well the schemes control flooding over the long run.
The document discusses various types of natural disasters including earthquakes, droughts, cyclones, and global warming. It provides information on what each type of disaster is, their effects, and protective measures that can be taken. For earthquakes, it notes they result from sudden energy release in the Earth's crust and can seriously damage buildings. Protective measures for earthquakes include earthquake-proof construction and taking shelter. Drought is defined as a prolonged period of below average rainfall, and protective measures involve using water efficiently and collecting rainwater. Cyclones are large rotating air masses that cause heavy rainfall and damage infrastructure, and shelters or reinforced housing can help protect from them. Global warming is caused by greenhouse gases and is raising temperatures,
This document provides guidance and questions for an exam on dynamic planet systems. It outlines that students should answer questions 1-4, 6, and 7, focusing on topics like restless earth, climate change, impacts on biospheres and rainforests, water systems, river processes and pressures, and threats facing oceans. Questions include explaining why some volcanoes/earthquakes have greater impacts, primary and secondary effects of volcanic eruptions, reasons climate change predictions are difficult, managing tensions between development and conservation, and disagreements over ocean resource management.
The document discusses how human activities like urbanization and deforestation have increased flooding by reducing infiltration and increasing surface runoff. It then describes various approaches for managing flooding, including both "hard" engineering solutions like dams and river engineering, and "soft" options like afforestation and managed flooding. The different techniques each have advantages and disadvantages to consider depending on the specific river and location.
Our product is a solar desalination plant that utilizes solar energy to produce fresh water in a sustainable way. It uses large arrays of mirrors to concentrate sunlight onto a water container, heating the water and evaporating it. The water vapor then condenses in an insulated chamber to produce fresh water. This process requires no fossil fuels and instead uses an abundant renewable resource, solar energy, to provide fresh water for arid coastal regions in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner.
The document discusses various coastal stabilization techniques and alternative solutions from an international perspective. It provides examples of different systems used, such as seawalls, breakwaters, groins, beach nourishments, and more recently developed geosystems using bags, tubes and other containers filled with sand or mortar. The conclusion emphasizes that there is no single ideal solution and each coastal problem requires evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of different materials and systems based on the specific conditions and protection needs.
There are several soft engineering strategies that can be used to reduce flood risk, including flood warning systems, sandbagging, insurance, and flood plain zoning. Flood plain zoning involves assessing flood risk across different areas and restricting development in high risk zones, instead using those areas for activities like farming. Soft engineering strategies generally have lower costs and environmental impacts than hard engineering options like dams and levees. They work with natural processes and can improve habitats.
1) The passage discusses the importance of trees for the environment and humanity. It notes the large increase in housing developments across the world but argues this should not replace all trees.
2) Trees play a key role in reducing global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide and preserving the ozone layer. They also produce oxygen, help prevent soil erosion, and reduce intense heat in tropical areas.
3) The passage urges readers to reflect on balancing development with saving more trees, as removing too many could have serious environmental and human consequences. Failing to do so may lead humanity to a "tipping point".
This document discusses environmental issues and damage in Indonesia. It begins with background on global efforts to address environmental problems like the Earth Summit. It then discusses causes of environmental damage in Indonesia, including uncontrolled deforestation which has reduced Indonesia's forests by 72% and led to increased disasters. Events that cause natural damage like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and hurricanes are also described. The document ends by discussing efforts to combat environmental damage, including producing oil naturally, desalination, hydrogen power, solar energy, converting heat from the sea, and tidal energy.
The document discusses measures to both mitigate and adapt to climate change. It states that international cooperation and regional action are needed to address the issue. Some adaptation measures mentioned include building dams to control melting glaciers, relocating people vulnerable to natural disasters, and constructing seawalls to prevent coastal erosion. Mitigation measures proposed encompass using renewable energy, reducing electricity usage, recycling materials, making agriculture more sustainable, and favoring greener transportation options to lower greenhouse gas emissions from daily human activities and industry. Everyone is urged to play a role through both governmental policies and individual lifestyle changes.
The document discusses architectural solutions for increasing urban resilience in the face of climate change and rising sea levels. It presents examples of traditional and contemporary raised housing structures that elevate living spaces above flood levels, including stilt houses, houseboats, and floating homes. The examples show how design can both mitigate flood risk and maintain connections between interior and exterior living spaces.
The document discusses desertification, which is the process of fertile land transforming into desert due to factors like climate change and human activities. Approximately 1/5 of the world's land is threatened by desertification, negatively impacting millions of lives. Major causes include overgrazing, drought, deforestation, urbanization, and excessive farming. Consequences are environmental, economic, and social, including reduced crop yields, hunger, flooding, and biodiversity loss. Solutions proposed are policy changes regarding land use, education, reforestation, sustainable practices, and rehabilitation efforts.
This document discusses various natural resources and their impacts. It covers renewable resources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy. It also discusses nonrenewable resources like coal, oil, and natural gas that are in limited supply. The document then discusses how human activities like deforestation, construction, landfills, and pollution can negatively impact the environment by destroying habitats, polluting air and water supplies, and disrupting ecosystems. It emphasizes the importance of reducing pollution and waste to help clean the environment.
This document provides a chapter-by-chapter summary of John O. Simonds' book "Landscape Architecture". Each chapter examines a different aspect of landscape design such as climate, land, water, vegetation, and structures. The summary discusses key topics within each chapter, including how different climates and landscapes should inform design decisions. It also explains different techniques like incorporating views, circulation patterns, and spatial volumes to create harmonious human environments that blend with nature.
The document discusses the causes and impacts of global warming on a coastal town. It identifies several major problems the town faces, including threats to natural protections from rising sea levels, more dangerous high tides and storm surges, and increased erosion. Solutions proposed to minimize impacts on the town include boosting energy efficiency, greening transportation, increasing renewable energy, phasing out fossil fuels, managing forests and agriculture sustainably, developing new technologies, and ensuring overall sustainable development.
Environmental issues affect all nations. While some countries still use fossil fuels, natural gas produces less greenhouse gases than petroleum or coal. This paper discusses environmental damage in Indonesia, including deforestation, pollution, and natural disasters. Efforts are being made through sustainable development, conservation, alternative energy sources, and community involvement to address these issues.
Environmental issues affect all nations. While some countries still use fossil fuels, natural gas is more economically and environmentally friendly than petroleum or coal. This paper discusses environmental damage in Indonesia, its causes, efforts to prevent further harm, and sustainable development. Key causes of environmental degradation in Indonesia include deforestation, pollution, and natural disasters like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and hurricanes exacerbated by climate change. The government and communities are taking actions like reforestation, pollution control, and green energy to promote long-term environmental conservation and sustainable resource use.
Makalah bahasa inggris permasalahn lingkunganWarnet Raha
Environmental issues affect all nations. While some countries still use fossil fuels, natural gas produces less greenhouse gases than petroleum or coal. This paper discusses environmental damage in Indonesia, including deforestation, pollution, and natural disasters. Efforts are being made through sustainable development, conservation, alternative energy sources, and community involvement to address these issues.
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http://hyonkows.blogspot.com/2017/02/irrolarea-irrigation-solar-and-area.html
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...IJECEIAES
This research paper introduces an innovative modulation technique for controlling a 3-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), aiming to streamline the modulation process in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed
simplified modulation technique paves the way for more straightforward and
efficient control of multilevel inverters, enabling their widespread adoption and
integration into modern power electronic systems. Through the amalgamation of
sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) with a high-frequency square wave
pulse, this controlling technique attains energy equilibrium across the coupling
capacitor. The modulation scheme incorporates a simplified switching pattern
and a decreased count of voltage references, thereby simplifying the control
algorithm.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
2. Introduction
The weather today is changing due to human
activities and there is urgent need of building
structures that are safe and that can respond
to the change in environment
There are people all over the globe
working to provide solution to this constantly
growing problem of Housing and land shortage
Weather Proof Homes
3. Since the beginning of universe
there are always calamities and
disasters that have engulfed
the living organism. Even the
creation of earth was a result
of disaster that the Sun
underwent Disasters like The
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
and tsunami and a series of
calamities that make us work
so that future doesn’t
experience what past went
through.
4. Ideology
Working against the nature is a
very difficult task
We humans can build tall sky
scrapers but without the normal reaction
from the earth they won’t stand a
chance.
Like for an instance during floods
water is considered to be a problem
instead we can design structures that can
take benefit from it.
Working With Nature and Not Against it!
5. Forces Of Nature
Wind
Can nurture life but at times can blow
away civilizations.
Water
Life is said to be evolved from
water but instances arrive when
water is the cause of disaster
And a lot more…
6. Wind
Wind is a vital part of
our environment and is
essential for our existence.
Wind has a violent
potential that has ruined the
life of many people
Tornados, Hurricanes and
storms are problems that
have destructed the
structures and winds with
high velocity posses the
potential to destroy cities
8. Wind
Solution
Aerodynamic models are been worked
upon for area like open fields,
grasslands and deserts.
Just according to our ideology
Working with nature
These models instead of resisting the
air provide them a direction to pass
through
The two designs in the slide are designs of an
American Architect Ted Givens, 10 Design.
The models proposed by Ted Givens are based on the
Turtle Mentality where the turtle withdraws his head
into its shell when a threat is sighted.
These models were subjected to a number of
Computer analysis and some flaws were found the
model is being revised to eliminate those drawbacks.
Building these structures is costly so cheaper
alternatives are being explored
9. Covers about 70.8% of the total area
of the earth. It is a very important
constituent of our life without which
life cannot be sustained.
Being an important constituent
there are many times when water
has became the problem like the
floods, Tsunami and destroyed cities
and towns.
Currently the greatest problem that
people on the earth, that is we are
facing is the rising sea levels.
The land available for use is
shrinking day by day…
10. Water
Problems
Water posses a major surface area of the earth
and hence also poses a major threat to us.
Coastal regions are always affected due to
change in sea levels and tides. Tsunami’s that
took place a few years age were devastative
and destroyed a life and property of many
people.
Due to global warming there is rise in sea
levels and the coastal areas are subjected to
submergence. Some islands like Maldives are
already being submerged.
So the land available to us is shrinking day by
day and we need to develop a counter
measure to this problem
11. Water is not the Problem but a part
of solution.
Float houses are very good solution
to problems we face during floods.
Boats don’t sink in water even
during floods so why not build
houses that work on the same
principle as that of the boats.
House built on this concept posses the
ability to float over water instead of sinking
into water. There area townships built in
many countries which have floating houses.
These houses can raise or lower to about 5m
from their level to respond to change in
water levels
12. Floating Structures
Innovation
The floating stadium design is
having volume equal to that of
an Olympic stadium and can
be move from one place to
another just by pulling it
through the ropes or chains
Just image a football match in
the midst of an ocean.
13. This benefit wasn’t planned or calculated but came as an add-on
or to say a free package with the design of floating structures.
The floating structures don’t have a fixed base so instead of being
stiff and resisting the winds they move and transfer the vibrations
to the water. Hence the fracture in structure is avoided.
These structures thus serve two purposes.
14. More Space…
As seen from the pie chart about
70% of the surface of earth is
covered with water.
The Land available is just about
30% that we haven’t used half of
the world.
There are positions on the sea
that are yet unexplored.
By using the concept of floating
structure can be used to utilize
the surface of the earth which
can to some extent relax our
problems regarding availability
of space for housing and other
utilities.
15. S
These Structures can prove to be safe dwelling for the future
The problem for area can be solved to some extent by using the
concept of float houses
The concept of float houses can provide a one time solution to
countries which are seasonally submerged into water
Countries having barren lands, grasslands or open fields can
have safe houses even when strong winds are subjected to
these areas if aerodynamic structures are used
16. Disadvantages
Cost is high as material used is costly
Skilled Labour is required
Regular maintenance is required
Improper designing can lead to failure of entire structure
17. These structures can be used to great extent
but there are certain parameters that restrain its
use. Use of these structures can be of a great aid to
the problems that we’re observing now and are
being predicted for the future.