Toru Dutt was the first Indian poetess to write in English and French in the late 19th century. Her sonnet "The Lotus" tells a story where the God of Love, Cupid, asks Flora to create a new flower that would be the undisputed queen of flowers, surpassing the old rivals of the rose and lily. Flora creates the lotus flower, which takes aspects of both the rose and lily's beauty. The lotus flower comes to represent Indian culture and religion due to its significance in Hinduism.
This document provides information about a paper submitted by Nikunj Bhatti, including his name, enrollment details, paper number, topic, and email address. The paper is about the poem "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost for a class on English literature at Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University. It discusses the setting and rhyme of the poem, Frost as a nature poet, and analyzes the meaning and central purpose conveyed in the poem.
Robert Frost was an American poet born in 1874 who is renowned for his realistic depictions of rural life and use of American colloquial language in poems. He wrote over 100 poems in his career and won four Pulitzer Prizes, focusing on themes of nature, everyday life, isolation, and the relationship between humans and the natural world. Frost was influenced by folk music traditions and wrote in a simple conversational style using forms like blank verse and rhyme schemes.
The lotus portrays the idea of nationalism as it is the national flower of India. In the end, Toru Dutt upholds the Indian essence with a new kind of flower, that is, the lotus.
Charles Lamb fell asleep in his armchair and dreamed of his deceased children, James Elia and Alice. In his dream, the children asked him to tell them about their great-grandmother, Mrs. Field, who used to care for an old manor house. Lamb described Mrs. Field as a religious and caring woman, though she later fell ill with cancer. He then continued the story by telling of Uncle John, who enjoyed outdoor activities and helped the lame James Elia. The dream took a sad turn and the children began to cry before disappearing into the distance. Lamb awoke to find himself alone in the armchair - it had all been a dream.
Toru Dutt was a 19th century Indian poet and writer who pioneered English literature in India. She was born in 1856 in Calcutta to a wealthy Bengali family that had converted to Christianity. Dutt was highly educated in both Western and Indian classics. She wrote poetry, fiction, and translations that blended Western and Indian influences. Her most famous works included the poetry collections "Ancient Ballads and Legends of Hindustan" and essays published in magazines. Dutt had a thorough knowledge of Indian traditions but died young at age 21 from tuberculosis, leaving behind an influential but small body of work that helped establish Indian writing in English.
This slide is about Steele`s The spectator-of club. The Spectator adopted a fictional method of presentation through a “Spectator Club,” whose imaginary members extolled the authors’ own ideas about society. These “members” included representatives of commerce, the army, the town (respectively, Sir Andrew Freeport, Captain Sentry, and Will Honeycomb), and of the country gentry (Sir Roger de Coverley). The papers were ostensibly written by Mr. Spectator, an “observer” of the London scene. The conversations that The Spectator reported were often imagined to take place in coffeehouses, which was also where many copies of the publication were distributed and read.
Vikram Seth is an Indian novelist and poet born in 1952 in Kolkata. He received degrees from The Doon School, Tonbridge School, Oxford University, and Stanford University. Some of his notable works include the novels "A Suitable Boy" and "An Equal Music," as well as several poetry collections. He has received several awards for his writing, including the Padma Shri, Pravasi Bharatiya Samman, WH Smith Literary Award, and Crossword Book Award.
Toru Dutt was the first Indian poetess to write in English and French in the late 19th century. Her sonnet "The Lotus" tells a story where the God of Love, Cupid, asks Flora to create a new flower that would be the undisputed queen of flowers, surpassing the old rivals of the rose and lily. Flora creates the lotus flower, which takes aspects of both the rose and lily's beauty. The lotus flower comes to represent Indian culture and religion due to its significance in Hinduism.
This document provides information about a paper submitted by Nikunj Bhatti, including his name, enrollment details, paper number, topic, and email address. The paper is about the poem "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost for a class on English literature at Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University. It discusses the setting and rhyme of the poem, Frost as a nature poet, and analyzes the meaning and central purpose conveyed in the poem.
Robert Frost was an American poet born in 1874 who is renowned for his realistic depictions of rural life and use of American colloquial language in poems. He wrote over 100 poems in his career and won four Pulitzer Prizes, focusing on themes of nature, everyday life, isolation, and the relationship between humans and the natural world. Frost was influenced by folk music traditions and wrote in a simple conversational style using forms like blank verse and rhyme schemes.
The lotus portrays the idea of nationalism as it is the national flower of India. In the end, Toru Dutt upholds the Indian essence with a new kind of flower, that is, the lotus.
Charles Lamb fell asleep in his armchair and dreamed of his deceased children, James Elia and Alice. In his dream, the children asked him to tell them about their great-grandmother, Mrs. Field, who used to care for an old manor house. Lamb described Mrs. Field as a religious and caring woman, though she later fell ill with cancer. He then continued the story by telling of Uncle John, who enjoyed outdoor activities and helped the lame James Elia. The dream took a sad turn and the children began to cry before disappearing into the distance. Lamb awoke to find himself alone in the armchair - it had all been a dream.
Toru Dutt was a 19th century Indian poet and writer who pioneered English literature in India. She was born in 1856 in Calcutta to a wealthy Bengali family that had converted to Christianity. Dutt was highly educated in both Western and Indian classics. She wrote poetry, fiction, and translations that blended Western and Indian influences. Her most famous works included the poetry collections "Ancient Ballads and Legends of Hindustan" and essays published in magazines. Dutt had a thorough knowledge of Indian traditions but died young at age 21 from tuberculosis, leaving behind an influential but small body of work that helped establish Indian writing in English.
This slide is about Steele`s The spectator-of club. The Spectator adopted a fictional method of presentation through a “Spectator Club,” whose imaginary members extolled the authors’ own ideas about society. These “members” included representatives of commerce, the army, the town (respectively, Sir Andrew Freeport, Captain Sentry, and Will Honeycomb), and of the country gentry (Sir Roger de Coverley). The papers were ostensibly written by Mr. Spectator, an “observer” of the London scene. The conversations that The Spectator reported were often imagined to take place in coffeehouses, which was also where many copies of the publication were distributed and read.
Vikram Seth is an Indian novelist and poet born in 1952 in Kolkata. He received degrees from The Doon School, Tonbridge School, Oxford University, and Stanford University. Some of his notable works include the novels "A Suitable Boy" and "An Equal Music," as well as several poetry collections. He has received several awards for his writing, including the Padma Shri, Pravasi Bharatiya Samman, WH Smith Literary Award, and Crossword Book Award.
Packing is a masterpiece of Jerome K Jerome, taken from his Three Men in a Boat. The funniest episode, described in an easy way through this PowerPoint presentation.
Arunadhati Roy was born in 1961 in Shillong, Meghalaya, India. She is an Indian writer and activist best known for her novel The God of Small Things, for which she won the Man Booker Prize in 1997. Roy uses her writing and activism to bring attention to social and political issues in India such as environmentalism, globalization, nuclear weapons, and human rights. She has received numerous awards for her writing and advocacy work, including the Sydney Peace Prize in 2004.
This document discusses Sarojini Naidu as a poet. It notes that she was a freedom fighter and modern poet who was educated in Chennai and London. She wrote several poetry collections including The Golden Threshold, The Bird of Time, and The Broken Wing. Her poetry expressed the joys and sorrows of life and was sensitive to nature. She wrote on themes of children, nature, patriotism, and love and death. Her work was praised by contemporaries like Gokhale and Aurobindo for its beauty and ability to endure.
The document discusses partition literature in Bangladesh and provides several examples. It summarizes Kaiser Haq's book which talks about Bangladeshi writers who wrote about the partitions of Bangladesh, including Syed Waliullah's short story "The Escape" and "Ekti Tulsi Gacher Kahini." It also mentions novels such as Ranga Prabhat (1957) by Abul Fazl that focus on the anxieties of partition. Common partition literary writers mentioned include Taslima Nasreen, Akhteruzzaman Elias, and works by Mahmud Rahman and Tahmima Anam that link the 1971 war with Partition.
The document provides analysis of the poem "A Tiger in the Zoo" by Welsh poet Leslie Norris. It discusses the poet's background, the tone and theme of the poem, and analyzes the poetic devices used in each stanza. The overall theme is that keeping wild animals confined in small zoo enclosures is cruel, as depicted by the tiger who feels angry and longs to return to its natural habitat of leaps and bounds in the jungle.
This document provides a summary of the plot of the novel "The Guide" by R.K. Narayan. It describes the main characters of Raju, a railway guide who helps Rosie, a neglected wife, pursue her dancing dreams. Raju is later imprisoned for forgery. Upon release, he stops near an abandoned temple and is mistaken for a holy man. He continues this role until collapsing from a fast during a drought. The document also notes the transformation of Raju's character from guide to spiritual guide as a central theme, and that the novel tells two interconnected stories of Raju in different roles.
Haiku Deck is a presentation platform that allows users to create Haiku-style slideshows. The platform encourages users to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentations, which can be shared on SlideShare. In just a few sentences, it pitches the ease and brevity of Haiku Deck presentations for inspiring audiences.
Kamala Das was an Indian English poet and author from Kerala who wrote in both English and Malayalam. Some of her notable works include the autobiography Ente Katha and collections of poems, short stories, and novels. She received many honors over her career, including being nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1984. Her poem "My Mother at Sixty-Six" reflects on realizing one's mother is growing old and her mortality.
Edmund spenser was an English poet best known for the faerie Queene an epic poem. He is recognised as one of the premier craftmen of nascent modern english verse and is often considered one of the greatest poet in the English language
Bapsi Sidhwa was an active social worker with great concern for the women around. Sidhwa started writing in the 1970s when she was inspired by the story of a young girl who ran away from home and was killed by her husband in the Hindukush mountains. This story was published in the form of her 2nd novel: the Bride. Currently she is teaching at the University of Texas, Houston. A brief introduction of her life is given in the slides.
Toru Dutt was the first Indian poetess to write in English. She is considered an important Indo-Anglian poet and translator. Some of her most famous poems included The Lotus, Savitri, and Our Casuarina Tree. The Lotus presented the idea that the Indian lotus is the most beautiful flower. Savitri retold the immortal legend from the Mahabharata of Satyavan's death and his wife Savitri succeeding in getting his soul back from Yama, the god of death. Our Casuarina Tree was an autobiographical poem about memories of playing under a tree with her siblings who had since passed away.
This document provides biographical information about Kalpana Chawla and summarizes her career achievements. It discusses her family background and education, obtaining her PhD in aerospace engineering from the University of Texas at Arlington. It details her two missions as a NASA astronaut, serving as the first Indian woman in space on the STS-87 mission in 1997 and as a flight engineer on the ill-fated STS-107 mission in 2003, during which she and the crew perished during re-entry. The document highlights Kalpana's characteristics such as her bright and willing nature, her desire to succeed and work hard, and her fascination with aircraft. It concludes that she was a rare combination of a brilliant mind
The poem describes a beautiful evening by the sea as the sun is setting. In the first eight lines (octave), the speaker notes the calm and quiet atmosphere, likening it to a nun in prayer. He hears the sounds of the sea which remind him of thunder. In the last six lines (sestet), the speaker addresses his daughter as they walk together. He says though she may seem carefree, her soul is still divine because she is constantly in God's presence, even if unaware, just as one is in God's presence when in nature.
Pope's biography is summarized, focusing on key details about his life and works. He was born in London in 1688 to Catholic parents and suffered from poor health. His most famous works include The Rape of the Lock, a mock-heroic poem satirizing a petty quarrel, and An Essay on Man, addressing man's place in the universe through reason. The document then provides more in-depth analyses of The Rape of the Lock, describing its plot, characters, and use of the mock-epic genre to critique 18th-century society, and of An Essay on Man, situating it within Enlightenment debates around religion, reason, and humanity's role.
The document provides an analysis of the poem "Song of the Rain" by Kahlil Gibran. It summarizes the key points of each stanza, including metaphors and personification used. Gibran portrays rain as a gift from God that brings prosperity. Rain is depicted through human emotions and its arrival is welcomed by nature. The analysis also notes Gibran was writing during a time of political upheaval in Lebanon.
Sudha Murthy is a prolific Kannada writer who has also written books in English. This story recalls how as a child, she taught her 62-year-old grandmother to read Kannada. Her grandmother was illiterate but determined to learn so she could read her favorite story serial independently. The granddaughter diligently taught her grandmother, who worked very hard as a dedicated student. By the deadline of Dussera, her grandmother could read a novel on her own. She gifted and thanked her granddaughter, now seeing her as a teacher rather than a family member. The granddaughter was proud of helping her grandmother gain literacy and independence.
English presentation on 'His First Flight'KanishkBainsla
This is a story about a young seagull who cannot gather the courage to fly and fears from flying.While the other seagull who are younger than him are flying and even his brother has caught his prey.But he is affraid of all that.And at last we can come to see that how he flies without fear and gathers courage to fly.He could only fly because of his mother's plan.Which was that if she would show food to him from a distance from the ledge so that because of greed of food which he has not eaten since last 24 hours. And at last he was able to fly.
Brief introduction of the Romantic Age and its characteristics.
Includes:
2 slide introduction
Influential People of the Romantic Age
In dept Characteristics
Concluding Characteristics
End
The document provides background information on William Shakespeare and analyzes his famous sonnet 18. It discusses Shakespeare's life and work, defines poetic devices and a sonnet, and analyzes the structure, rhyme scheme, and themes of sonnet 18. The analysis indicates that the poem compares the beloved to a summer's day, saying their beauty is eternal unlike the fleeting nature of summer. It concludes by professing the poet's undying love for the subject of the sonnet.
1. Severn Suzuki represents an organization called ECO which stands for Environmental Children's Organization. She is fighting for her future against environmental pollution which is causing animals and fish to become extinct due to loss of habitat and food from polluted lands and waters.
2. She considers all species as belonging to one world and having no one but her to speak for them. She condemns people in wealthy countries like her native Canada for contributing large amounts of waste and not helping poorer countries deal with environmental problems.
3. The poem describes a river from its playful dancing and sparkling over yellow pebbles through flowers and foliage in its early stages, to rushing louder and faster while brawling and leaping over
Resources of Soil And Water In India And AbroadNaveen Bind
This document discusses water resources in India, including its geographical distribution, sectoral utilization, and methods of conservation and management. It notes that India accounts for 16% of the world's population but only 4% of global water resources. The total annual water availability is around 4,000 cubic km, of which only 60% can be utilized. Surface water from rivers and groundwater are the main sources of water. Major river basins and their annual surface water flows and storage capacities are presented. Efficient use and conservation of water resources is needed to ensure sustainable development.
Packing is a masterpiece of Jerome K Jerome, taken from his Three Men in a Boat. The funniest episode, described in an easy way through this PowerPoint presentation.
Arunadhati Roy was born in 1961 in Shillong, Meghalaya, India. She is an Indian writer and activist best known for her novel The God of Small Things, for which she won the Man Booker Prize in 1997. Roy uses her writing and activism to bring attention to social and political issues in India such as environmentalism, globalization, nuclear weapons, and human rights. She has received numerous awards for her writing and advocacy work, including the Sydney Peace Prize in 2004.
This document discusses Sarojini Naidu as a poet. It notes that she was a freedom fighter and modern poet who was educated in Chennai and London. She wrote several poetry collections including The Golden Threshold, The Bird of Time, and The Broken Wing. Her poetry expressed the joys and sorrows of life and was sensitive to nature. She wrote on themes of children, nature, patriotism, and love and death. Her work was praised by contemporaries like Gokhale and Aurobindo for its beauty and ability to endure.
The document discusses partition literature in Bangladesh and provides several examples. It summarizes Kaiser Haq's book which talks about Bangladeshi writers who wrote about the partitions of Bangladesh, including Syed Waliullah's short story "The Escape" and "Ekti Tulsi Gacher Kahini." It also mentions novels such as Ranga Prabhat (1957) by Abul Fazl that focus on the anxieties of partition. Common partition literary writers mentioned include Taslima Nasreen, Akhteruzzaman Elias, and works by Mahmud Rahman and Tahmima Anam that link the 1971 war with Partition.
The document provides analysis of the poem "A Tiger in the Zoo" by Welsh poet Leslie Norris. It discusses the poet's background, the tone and theme of the poem, and analyzes the poetic devices used in each stanza. The overall theme is that keeping wild animals confined in small zoo enclosures is cruel, as depicted by the tiger who feels angry and longs to return to its natural habitat of leaps and bounds in the jungle.
This document provides a summary of the plot of the novel "The Guide" by R.K. Narayan. It describes the main characters of Raju, a railway guide who helps Rosie, a neglected wife, pursue her dancing dreams. Raju is later imprisoned for forgery. Upon release, he stops near an abandoned temple and is mistaken for a holy man. He continues this role until collapsing from a fast during a drought. The document also notes the transformation of Raju's character from guide to spiritual guide as a central theme, and that the novel tells two interconnected stories of Raju in different roles.
Haiku Deck is a presentation platform that allows users to create Haiku-style slideshows. The platform encourages users to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentations, which can be shared on SlideShare. In just a few sentences, it pitches the ease and brevity of Haiku Deck presentations for inspiring audiences.
Kamala Das was an Indian English poet and author from Kerala who wrote in both English and Malayalam. Some of her notable works include the autobiography Ente Katha and collections of poems, short stories, and novels. She received many honors over her career, including being nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1984. Her poem "My Mother at Sixty-Six" reflects on realizing one's mother is growing old and her mortality.
Edmund spenser was an English poet best known for the faerie Queene an epic poem. He is recognised as one of the premier craftmen of nascent modern english verse and is often considered one of the greatest poet in the English language
Bapsi Sidhwa was an active social worker with great concern for the women around. Sidhwa started writing in the 1970s when she was inspired by the story of a young girl who ran away from home and was killed by her husband in the Hindukush mountains. This story was published in the form of her 2nd novel: the Bride. Currently she is teaching at the University of Texas, Houston. A brief introduction of her life is given in the slides.
Toru Dutt was the first Indian poetess to write in English. She is considered an important Indo-Anglian poet and translator. Some of her most famous poems included The Lotus, Savitri, and Our Casuarina Tree. The Lotus presented the idea that the Indian lotus is the most beautiful flower. Savitri retold the immortal legend from the Mahabharata of Satyavan's death and his wife Savitri succeeding in getting his soul back from Yama, the god of death. Our Casuarina Tree was an autobiographical poem about memories of playing under a tree with her siblings who had since passed away.
This document provides biographical information about Kalpana Chawla and summarizes her career achievements. It discusses her family background and education, obtaining her PhD in aerospace engineering from the University of Texas at Arlington. It details her two missions as a NASA astronaut, serving as the first Indian woman in space on the STS-87 mission in 1997 and as a flight engineer on the ill-fated STS-107 mission in 2003, during which she and the crew perished during re-entry. The document highlights Kalpana's characteristics such as her bright and willing nature, her desire to succeed and work hard, and her fascination with aircraft. It concludes that she was a rare combination of a brilliant mind
The poem describes a beautiful evening by the sea as the sun is setting. In the first eight lines (octave), the speaker notes the calm and quiet atmosphere, likening it to a nun in prayer. He hears the sounds of the sea which remind him of thunder. In the last six lines (sestet), the speaker addresses his daughter as they walk together. He says though she may seem carefree, her soul is still divine because she is constantly in God's presence, even if unaware, just as one is in God's presence when in nature.
Pope's biography is summarized, focusing on key details about his life and works. He was born in London in 1688 to Catholic parents and suffered from poor health. His most famous works include The Rape of the Lock, a mock-heroic poem satirizing a petty quarrel, and An Essay on Man, addressing man's place in the universe through reason. The document then provides more in-depth analyses of The Rape of the Lock, describing its plot, characters, and use of the mock-epic genre to critique 18th-century society, and of An Essay on Man, situating it within Enlightenment debates around religion, reason, and humanity's role.
The document provides an analysis of the poem "Song of the Rain" by Kahlil Gibran. It summarizes the key points of each stanza, including metaphors and personification used. Gibran portrays rain as a gift from God that brings prosperity. Rain is depicted through human emotions and its arrival is welcomed by nature. The analysis also notes Gibran was writing during a time of political upheaval in Lebanon.
Sudha Murthy is a prolific Kannada writer who has also written books in English. This story recalls how as a child, she taught her 62-year-old grandmother to read Kannada. Her grandmother was illiterate but determined to learn so she could read her favorite story serial independently. The granddaughter diligently taught her grandmother, who worked very hard as a dedicated student. By the deadline of Dussera, her grandmother could read a novel on her own. She gifted and thanked her granddaughter, now seeing her as a teacher rather than a family member. The granddaughter was proud of helping her grandmother gain literacy and independence.
English presentation on 'His First Flight'KanishkBainsla
This is a story about a young seagull who cannot gather the courage to fly and fears from flying.While the other seagull who are younger than him are flying and even his brother has caught his prey.But he is affraid of all that.And at last we can come to see that how he flies without fear and gathers courage to fly.He could only fly because of his mother's plan.Which was that if she would show food to him from a distance from the ledge so that because of greed of food which he has not eaten since last 24 hours. And at last he was able to fly.
Brief introduction of the Romantic Age and its characteristics.
Includes:
2 slide introduction
Influential People of the Romantic Age
In dept Characteristics
Concluding Characteristics
End
The document provides background information on William Shakespeare and analyzes his famous sonnet 18. It discusses Shakespeare's life and work, defines poetic devices and a sonnet, and analyzes the structure, rhyme scheme, and themes of sonnet 18. The analysis indicates that the poem compares the beloved to a summer's day, saying their beauty is eternal unlike the fleeting nature of summer. It concludes by professing the poet's undying love for the subject of the sonnet.
1. Severn Suzuki represents an organization called ECO which stands for Environmental Children's Organization. She is fighting for her future against environmental pollution which is causing animals and fish to become extinct due to loss of habitat and food from polluted lands and waters.
2. She considers all species as belonging to one world and having no one but her to speak for them. She condemns people in wealthy countries like her native Canada for contributing large amounts of waste and not helping poorer countries deal with environmental problems.
3. The poem describes a river from its playful dancing and sparkling over yellow pebbles through flowers and foliage in its early stages, to rushing louder and faster while brawling and leaping over
Resources of Soil And Water In India And AbroadNaveen Bind
This document discusses water resources in India, including its geographical distribution, sectoral utilization, and methods of conservation and management. It notes that India accounts for 16% of the world's population but only 4% of global water resources. The total annual water availability is around 4,000 cubic km, of which only 60% can be utilized. Surface water from rivers and groundwater are the main sources of water. Major river basins and their annual surface water flows and storage capacities are presented. Efficient use and conservation of water resources is needed to ensure sustainable development.
B. A. Sem - IV - "Water the Elixir of Life" by C. V. RamanAnil Raut
C.V. Raman discusses the importance of water as the true elixir of life. He uses the example of the Nile River creating fertile land in Egypt while the surrounding desert lacks life. Raman notes how water enhances landscapes, is essential for plants and animals, and its collection and utilization is important for human welfare. Finally, he emphasizes that while water appears common, it has amazing properties that allow it to sustain life, making its study scientifically interesting.
Water is a transparent fluid that forms the world's streams, lakes, oceans, and rain. It consists of one oxygen molecule and two hydrogen molecules. Two thirds of the human body is dependent on water, which serves important functions like detoxification, lubrication, and nutrient transportation. The daily water requirement for humans is 2-2.5 liters, with food providing 1 liter and drinking water supplying the remaining 1.5-2 liters. Natural sources of water include rain, underground aquifers, and surface water sources like rivers and lakes. Fresh water is naturally occurring while portable water is fit for human consumption. The water cycle describes the movement of water on Earth through states of liquid, vapor, and ice
This document discusses water as a natural resource and its various forms and uses. It covers the water cycle, the three states of water as solid, liquid, and gas. It also summarizes the agricultural, domestic, and industrial uses of water, sources of water such as surface water from rivers and lakes and underground aquifers, and the effects of water scarcity on plants and societies. Conservation methods are highlighted such as avoiding wastage, recycling water, and promptly fixing leaks.
The document discusses various methods of water storage used in India to deal with droughts and water scarcity. It describes traditional techniques like jhalars, talabs, bawaris, taankas, ahar pynes, and johads that have been used for centuries to harvest rainwater and store it for use during dry periods. It also discusses dams, reservoirs, and rainwater harvesting as modern methods of water storage and conservation. The document emphasizes the importance of conserving water given the increasing water demands and impacts of climate change.
This document discusses different types of water resources including ponds, rivers, and seas. It provides details on the importance of each resource. Ponds are described as small, shallow bodies of fresh water that support wildlife habitat and regulate soil formation. Rivers are classified as permanent, periodic, or episodic and provide habitat, transport, and hydroelectric power. Seas moderate climate and are critical for global food security and economic prosperity through trade, travel, and fisheries. In conclusion, the document emphasizes that water is essential for life and it is important to protect natural water resources.
This document discusses the hydrosphere, which is the water sphere that surrounds the Earth. The hydrosphere comes from the Latin word "hydro" meaning water, and it covers about 71% of the Earth's surface. Water is essential for life as it makes up 75% of living cells and allows chemical reactions to occur. The hydrosphere also regulates climate, provides habitat, and is important for human and industrial use. However, water pollution and misuse threaten the hydrosphere. We must avoid pollution and misusing water to protect this critical part of our planet.
Water is essential for all life on Earth. It is necessary for hydration, temperature regulation, oxygen transfer, plant growth, and reproduction in humans, animals and plants. Nature provides water through the water cycle of evaporation, condensation and precipitation, but access to clean water varies greatly around the world. Many regions currently face or will soon face water shortages without changes to water management and conservation practices. Preserving access to clean, plentiful water is critical for ensuring public health, economic activity and protecting the environment upon which all life depends.
This document discusses the importance of water as a precious resource and the need for its conservation. It notes that while water covers 71% of the Earth's surface, only 3% is freshwater and available for human use. Growing populations, industries, agriculture, and deforestation are depleting groundwater levels at an alarming rate. Various methods of water conservation and management like rainwater harvesting, reviving traditional structures like bawris, and drip irrigation can help replenish groundwater and ensure a sustainable supply of freshwater. Everyone must play their part through developing water-wise habits to avoid wastage and ensure this vital resource lasts for future generations.
MA: WaterWise Landscaping to Fight the Water Crisis and DroughtSotirakou964
This document is the newsletter of the Ecological Landscaping Association. It focuses on the topic of water and sustainable water management. In 3 sentences:
Water is essential for life but freshwater resources are under threat from population growth and unsustainable practices. The natural water cycle and protecting watersheds are keys to sustainable water management. The document discusses water sources, problems caused by interfering with watersheds like flooding and drought, and calls for protecting water sources and conserving water usage.
Final india legal 15 may 2016 double spread smallestENC
The letter discusses India's man-made water crisis, arguing that drought conditions are due to a failure to properly manage water resources through storage and irrigation systems. While there is plenty of rainfall, much of it is not captured or stored properly. The letter blames widespread destruction of forests and lack of preservation of natural storage systems like ponds and wetlands. It calls the water crisis a "horror story" of neglect and mismanagement that could be avoided through proper conservation efforts.
This document discusses various types of water resources including ponds, rivers, lakes, and the sea. It provides 3-4 sentences on the importance of each resource. Ponds are described as small, shallow bodies of fresh water that support recreation, water supply, and wildlife. Rivers are classified as permanent, periodic, or episodic and provide habitat, transport, resources, and hydroelectric power. Lakes supply recreation, water, habitat, and are used for commercial activities. The sea moderates climate, supports resources and ecosystems, provides transport, and waste disposal. In conclusion, water resources are essential to life and have been utilized by mankind for various domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes.
Water resources play a vital role in daily life in India and are used for agriculture, industry, households, recreation, and the environment. The main types of water resources available in India are oceans, surface water sources like rivers and lakes, and groundwater accessed via wells and bore-wells. Groundwater is the most abundant freshwater resource, and there is significant interaction between surface and groundwater with groundwater feeding surface water sources. Surface water meets much of the country's needs for public water supply, irrigation, industry, and hydroelectric power.
This document discusses water and its importance on Earth. It covers that water covers 71.4% of the Earth's surface and is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. It then discusses how water is essential for life, as plants, animals and humans are mostly made of water and need it to live. The document also touches on water pollution, how waste can pollute bodies of water, damaging both individual species and whole ecosystems.
This document is Aksh Sharma's science report file submitted to his teachers at PMS Public School for the 2020-21 session. It includes an acknowledgement and certificate section thanking those who helped him. The main content discusses natural resources in India under categories of biotic/abiotic and renewable/non-renewable resources. It specifically covers forests and wildlife, flora and fauna, uses and threats to forests, as well as water, soil, erosion, and conservation strategies.
The document discusses water resource engineering and hydrology. It covers topics like the hydrological cycle, watershed development objectives and components, water requirements and conservation, and sources of water. Specifically, it describes the hydrological cycle involving evaporation, condensation, precipitation, surface runoff, and underground water. It also outlines objectives of watershed development like improving water retention and controlling soil erosion. Sources of water discussed include surface sources like lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, as well as groundwater sources.
This document discusses the importance of water for living organisms. It states that water is essential for all life and is used by humans, plants and animals for various purposes. The document outlines how different types of organisms like aquatic animals, amphibians, and aquatic plants rely on water. It also describes how groundwater is extracted and how modern water supply systems work.
The document discusses water resources and water scarcity issues in India. It notes that while water is essential for life, only 2.5% of the world's water is freshwater and India receives only 4% of global precipitation. Several factors are contributing to decreasing freshwater availability and many regions in India are predicted to experience absolute water scarcity by 2025. Integrated water resource management and conservation methods like rainwater harvesting, watershed development, and water recycling can help address the growing water crisis.
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1. 1
Water: The Elixir of Life
By. C. V. Raman
C.V. Raman was the Nobel Prize winner in 1930, in physics for his work on ‘the
scattering of light’ and for the discovery of the Raman Effect. Raman spectroscopy is
based on this phenomenon. Raman also worked on the acoustics of musical
instruments. He was the first to investigate the harmonic nature of the sound of the
Indian drums such as the tabla and mridangam. In 1934, Raman becomes the director
of the newly established Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore. In 1947, he was
appointed as the first National Professor by the new government of independent India.
Summary:
In the essay ‘Water – The Elixir of Life’, C. V. Raman praises the importance of water,
which is the life-giving force to all. Raman says that man attempted to seek an
imaginary elixir of life, the divine Amrita, but it ended in vain. According to him, water
is the true elixir of life.
He draws an example of the Nile Valley civilization to show how one side is the
most fertile land on the earth while the other is a sea of billowing sand without a
speck of green. Nile river is the life-giving water that has created and sustained
the whole country of Egypt.
Water adds beauty to the countryside. The rain-fed tanks are a common sight in
South India. These tanks store the silt-laden which is precious to the crops. Much
of the rice is grown under them. But they are often neglected and not properly
maintained. Swiftly flowing water carries fairly large and heavy particles while
the finer particles which are more in number are carried to great distances.
India, an agriculture-based country, depends on seasonal rainfall/snowfall.
Conservation of rainwater becomes a huge responsibility when soil erosion is not
checked. The problem of soil erosion is of major significance. It occurs in step by
step. The cutting up and washing away of the earth will make agriculture
impossible. The sudden burst of excessively heavy rain resulting in a large run of
2. 2
surplus water is the principal factor in causing soil erosion. Soil erosion is
dangerous to agriculture. Some measures can be taken to check soil erosion. They
are terracing of the land, construction of bunds to check the flow of water, the
practice of contour cultivation and the planting of appropriate plants.
The author also brings other water benefits like using boats for a cheaper transport
system and hydroelectric power, which can uplift rural areas of India. Water is
the basis of all life. Every animals and plant contain water in its body. No activity
is possible without water. Water is necessary for animal life. The moisture in the
soil is necessary for the growth of plants and trees. So, the conservation and
utilization of water is important for human welfare.
Indian agriculture depends on rainfall. The problems of soil erosion and irregular
rainfall are closely connected with each other. By preventing soil erosion, we can
conserve and keep the water where it is wanted. So, the collection and utilization
of rainwater is very important. Much of the water flows down the streams and
rivers and thus a large quantity of water is lost.
The systematic planting of suitable trees is an urgent need in India. Such
plantations would prove a source of wealth to the country. They would check soil
erosion and conserve the rainfall of the country. Water is the commonest of
liquids, but it is also the most uncommon of liquids with amazing properties.
These properties are responsible for their unique power of maintaining animal
and plant life. The investigation of the nature and properties of water is, therefore,
of the highest scientific interest.
साराांश:
‘वॉटर – द इलिक्सिर ऑफ िाईफ’ या लिबांधात सी.व्ही. रमण याांिी पाण्याच्या महत्त्वाची
प्रशांसा क
े िी आहे, जी सवाांिा जीवि देणारी शक्ती आहे. रमण म्हणतात की मिुष्यािे
जीविाचे एक काल्पलिक अमृत, दैवी अमृत शोधण्याचा प्रयत्न क
े िा, परांतु तो व्यर्थ ठरिा.
त्ाांच्या मते पाणी हे जीविाचे खरे अमृत आहे.
एका बाजूिा पृथ्वीवरीि सवाथत सुपीक जमीि कशी आहे हे दाखवण्यासाठी त्ाांिी िाईि
व्हॅिी सभ्यतेचे उदाहरण रेखाटिे आहे तर दुसरी बाजू लहरवळ िसिेिा वाळू चा समुद्र
आहे. िाईि िदी हे जीवि देणारे पाणी आहे ज्यािे सांपूणथ इलजप्त देश तयार क
े िा आलण
लटकवूि ठे विा आहे.
पाणी ग्रामीण भागात स ांदयथ वाढवते. दलिण भारतात पावसािे भरिेल्या टाक्या हे एक
सामान्य दृश्य आहे. या टाक्या लपकाांसाठी म ल्यवाि असिेल्या गाळाचा साठा करतात.
3. 3
त्ाांच्या हाताखािी बहुतेक भात पीक घेतिे जाते. परांतु त्ाांच्याकडे अिेकदा दुिथि होते
आलण त्ाांची योग्य देखभाि क
े िी जात िाही. वेगािे वाहणारे पाणी बऱ्यापैकी मोठे आलण
जड कण वाहूि िेतात तर बारीक कण जे जास्त सांख्येिे असतात ते मोठ्या अांतरापयांत
वाहूि िेिे जातात.
भारत हा क
ृ षी-आधाररत देश आहे, जो मोसमी पाऊस/बफ
थ वृष्टीवर अविांबूि आहे. जेव्हा
मातीची धूप रोखिी जात िाही तेव्हा पावसाच्या पाण्याचे सांवधथि ही एक मोठी जबाबदारी
बिते. मातीची धूप ही समस्या महत्त्वाची आहे. हे टप्प्याटप्प्यािे घडते. पृथ्वी कापूि वाहूि
गेल्यािे शेती अशक्य होईि. अलत मुसळधार पावसाचा अचािक स्फोट होऊि मोठ्या
प्रमाणात पाणी वाहूि जाणे हे जलमिीची धूप होण्याचे प्रमुख घटक आहे. मातीची धूप
शेतीसाठी धोकादायक आहे. मातीची धूप रोखण्यासाठी काही उपाययोजिा करता येतीि.
ते जलमिीचे टेरेलसांग, पाण्याचा प्रवाह तपासण्यासाठी बांधारे बाांधणे, समोच्च िागवडीचा
सराव आलण योग्य रोपाांची िागवड.
स्वस्त वाहतूक व्यवस्र्ा आलण जिलवद् युत उजेसाठी बोटी वापरण्यासारखे इतर जि
फायदे देखीि िेखकािे आणिे आहेत, ज्यामुळे भारताच्या ग्रामीण भागाची उन्नती होऊ
शकते. पाणी हा सवथ जीविाचा आधार आहे. प्रत्ेक प्राणी आलण विस्पतीच्या शरीरात
पाणी असते. पाण्यालशवाय कोणतेही काम शक्य िाही. प्राण्याांच्या जीविासाठी पाणी
आवश्यक आहे. झाडे आलण झाडाांच्या वाढीसाठी जलमिीतीि ओिावा आवश्यक आहे.
त्ामुळे पाण्याचे सांवधथि आलण वापर मािवी कल्याणासाठी महत्त्वाचे आहे.
भारतीय शेती पावसावर अविांबूि आहे. मातीची धूप आलण अलियलमत पजथन्यमाि या
समस्या एकमेकाांशी घट्ट जोडिेल्या आहेत. मातीची धूप रोखूि, आपण पाणी जपूि ठे वू
शकतो आलण हवे लतर्े ठे वू शकतो. त्ामुळे पावसाच्या पाण्याचे सांकिि आलण वापर करणे
अत्ांत महत्त्वाचे आहे. बरेच पाणी िािे आलण िद्ाांमधूि वाहूि जाते आलण त्ामुळे मोठ्या
प्रमाणात पाणी वाया जाते.
योग्य झाडाांची पद्धतशीर िागवड ही भारतातीि लिकडीची गरज आहे. असे वृिारोपण
देशासाठी सांपत्तीचे स्रोत ठरेि. ते मातीची धूप तपासतीि आलण देशातीि पावसाचे सांरिण
करतीि. पाणी हे द्रवपदार्ाांमध्ये सवाथत सामान्य आहे, परांतु आश्चयथकारक गुणधमथ
असिेल्या द्रवाांमध्ये ते सवाथत असामान्य आहे. हे गुणधमथ प्राणी आलण विस्पतीांचे जीवि
राखण्याच्या त्ाांच्या अलितीय सामर्थ्ाथसाठी जबाबदार आहेत. त्ामुळे पाण्याचे स्वरूप
आलण गुणधमथ तपासणे हा सवाथत जास्त वैज्ञालिक लवषय आहे.
4. 4
Questions and Answers
Ques. 1.
Why do you think water is the true Elixir of life? How has the water been a
powerful influence in the life of humankind and in the rise of civilization?
Ans. In the essay ‘Water: The Elixir of Life’, C. V. Raman praises the importance of
water, which is the life-giving force to all. Water is the true elixir of life. This is a
common substance. So, we take it for granted in our everyday life. It is the most
wonderful thing on Earth. It continues to play a leading role in the drama of life on
Earth. Water is the basis of all life. Every animal and every plant contains a
large proportion of water in its body. The moisture of the soil is equally important for
plants and trees.
The conservation and utilization of water are fundamental to human welfare. One of the
most remarkable facts about water is its power to carry silt suspension. Our agriculture
depends on seasonal rainfall. So, the collection and utilization of rainwater are very
important. Water is the commonest of the liquids. These uncommon properties are
responsible for their unique power of maintaining animal and plant life.
Ques. 2. Write about the power and beauty of the element, water.
Ans. In the essay ‘Water: The Elixir of Life’, C. V. Raman praises the importance of
water, which is the life-giving force to all. Water is the true elixir of life. It is the basis
of life on Earth. Every animal and plant contains water. It is necessary for their life. Our
agriculture depends on water. To explain the power of water C.V. Raman has given an
example. One day he was standing on the line which separates the Libyan Desert from
the valley of the Nile in Egypt. One side was having a sea of sand without a speck of
green or a single living thing. On the other side was one of the greatest, most fertile,
and densely populated areas on the Earth. It was full of life and vegetation. Water has
changed the scene.
One of the most remarkable facts about water is its power to carry silt in suspension.
The flow of water plays a great role in the geographical process. It can sometimes play
a destructive role and wash away the soil. Great tracts of land have been formed by silt
deposited by water. The problem of soil erosion is caused by water. Vast areas of land
could be turned into fertile or infertile. This is the power and beauty of water.
5. 5
Ques 3. How does soil erosion occur and what are the chief factors that cause it?
Ans. The problem of soil erosion is very important, in many countries and specially in
many parts of India. Soil erosion occurs in steps; the earliest may easily pass unnoticed.
In the later stages the cutting up and washing away of the soil results into the formation
of deep gullies and narrow rallies. This makes agriculture impossible.
The sudden burst of excessively heavy rain results into a large run of surplus water
which causes soil erosion. The slope of land, removal of the natural protective coat of
vegetation, ruts for flow of water with speed and no check to such flow are also the
causes for soil erosion.
Question.4. What are the usual measures used to check soil erosion?
Ans. The measures that can be used to check soil erosion are terracing of the land,
construction of bunds to check the flow of water, the practice of contour (outline)
cultivation and the planting of proper plants. The prevention of soil erosion would help
to save water and keep the water where it is wanted.
Vast areas of land could be turned into a fertile and prosperous country by well-planned
action. The systematic planting of suitable trees in every possible place is most urgent
in India. They would check soil erosion and conserve the rainfall of the country.
Ques.5. What is C.V. Raman’s suggestion regarding controlling the movement of
water in order to harness it for a useful purpose?
Ans. In the essay ‘Water: The Elixir of Life’, C. V. Raman praises the importance of
water, which is the life-giving force to all. C.V. Raman gives the example of rain-fed
tanks which play a very vital role in south Indian agriculture. In Mysore, much of the
rice is grown under them. The colour of the water in rain-fed tanks changes according
to the land from which the water comes. Swiftly flowing water can carry large and
heavy particles. The finest particles remain floating in the water. Large areas of land
can be converted into fertile land due to silt-laden water.
The collection and utilization of rainwater are very important because our Indian
agriculture depends on rainfall. Much of the rainwater flows down into the river and the
sea. So a large quantity of water is lost. The proper use of this flowing water is a great
national problem. Planting trees is an urgent need in India. They would help to save the
rainwater of the country from flowing away to waste.
6. 6
Common Answer (Short Summary)
In the essay ‘Water: The Elixir of Life’, C. V. Raman praises the importance of water,
which is the life-giving force to all. Raman says that man attempted to seek an
imaginary elixir of life, the divine Amrita, but it ended in vain. According to him,
water is the true elixir of life.
He draws an example of the Nile River in Egypt. The river Nile has created a
fertile valley rich with life and vegetation. Egypt’s ancient civilization was
created and maintained by the life-giving waters of the Nile. Thus water has
shaped the course of the earth’s history and continues to do so.
Raman says the rain-fed tanks play a very vital role in south Indian agriculture. These
tanks store the silt-laden which is precious to the crops. Much of the rice is
grown under them. But they are often neglected and not properly maintained.
He says Indian agriculture depends on rainfall. The problems of soil erosion and
irregular rainfall are closely connected with each other. By preventing soil
erosion, we can conserve and keep the water where it is wanted. So, the
collection and utilization of rainwater are very important. Soil erosion is
dangerous to agriculture. Some measures can be taken to check soil erosion.
They are terracing of the land, construction of bunds to check the flow of water,
the practice of contour cultivation, and the planting of appropriate plants.
The author also brings other water benefits like using boats for a cheaper
transport system and hydroelectric power, which can uplift rural areas of India.
Every animals and plant contain water in its body. No activity is possible without
water. So, the conservation and utilization of water are important for human
welfare.
Raman says systematic planting of suitable trees is an urgent need in India. Such
plantations would prove a source of wealth to the country. They would check
soil erosion and conserve the rainfall of the country.
Notes Prepared by
Dr G.N. Khamankar,
Head, Dept. of English,
Vivekanand Mahavidyalaya, Bhadrawati