Eutrophication & the Process of EutrophicationPantho Sarker
Eutrophication is the ultimate consequence of bacterial decomposition of the green lives and further scarcity of oxygen and suffocation as well. In this presentation we have tried to show the its' process, types, consequences, impact on nature and human life and how can we control it.
What is Eutrophication and it's cause, what impacts on environment as well as on human and how to control it. All details shown in this ppt plus one case study.
Eutrophication & the Process of EutrophicationPantho Sarker
Eutrophication is the ultimate consequence of bacterial decomposition of the green lives and further scarcity of oxygen and suffocation as well. In this presentation we have tried to show the its' process, types, consequences, impact on nature and human life and how can we control it.
What is Eutrophication and it's cause, what impacts on environment as well as on human and how to control it. All details shown in this ppt plus one case study.
UK water quality 10UK water qualityCourse.docxmarilucorr
UK water quality 10
UK water quality
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Why water quality has deteriorated
Introduction
According to Boyd, (2015) water quality is the physical, biological, radiological and chemical components of water. Water quality can also be defined as a measure of the condition of water of one or more biotic species for use by human beings, animals, aquatic organisms or any other purposes. Lastly, water quality can also be defined as how suitable water can be used for different purposes.
Determination of water quality
The quality of water that is on earth is a function of (affected by) either natural influences or human activities. Water quality is determined by determining the weathering of bedrock minerals in the scenario where there is no human interference, (Chapman 2016). It is an atmospheric process of deposition of dust and, salt by the wind, and evapotranspiration, leaching of natural organic materials and the nutrients runoff in soil. Runoff which is caused by hydrological factors and a biological process in the aquatic environment can lead to changes in the physical and chemical constituents of water, (Ahuja 2013).
Water quality is determined by comparing the chemical and physical characteristics of a water sample according to the existing standards (guidelines). Regarding determining the quality of water for drinking, the standards are set so as to ensure that the drinking water is safe and clean for human consumption, (De Zuane, 1997). Attainment of these standards is through checking of the toxic levels so as to learn whether the water is fit for drinking by humans or even animals (which includes aquatic animals.)
Water quality indicators.
According to regional aquatics monitoring program, water quality is defined as the concentration physical and chemical components. Water quality indicators include: metals, conductivity, nutrients, dissolved oxygen, industrial chemicals (dioxins and PCBs), temperature, hydrocarbons and lastly, the conventional variables- (dissolved wastes, suspended sentiments, pH levels)
Has water quality deteriorated or improved?
In the recent years, water levels across the world have been declining, Ahuja (2013). Reasons attributed to the deterioration of water quality levels are: a fast growing human population, increased agricultural activities, expanding industrialization, irrigation, and the ever changing weather and climatic conditions, (Terrell & Perfetti, 1992). These reasons are such a threat to the hydrological cycle leading to increased pollution which in return adds up to the low-quality levels of water.
According to Boyd, (2000), at the moment, the largest water quality problem is eutrophication, which is caused by high levels of nitrogen and phosphorous which damage the water uses. Many nutrient sources consist of indoor pollution, agricultural runoff, industrial waste release, and atmospheric components of fossil fuels and other fires. According to World Health ...
Marine pollution is the introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into the marine environment (including estuaries), resulting in such deleterious effects as: harm to living resources; hazards to human health; hindrance to marine activities including fishing; impairing the quality for use of sea water and reduction of amenities
Introduction of water pollution,What is water Pollution,what are the main Types of water Pollution,What are the main types of water pollution,How do we know when water is polluted,what are the causes of water pollution,what are the effects of water pollution,how can we step water pollution,Our clean future.
Water Resources and Water PollutionLife on planet Earth would be.docxmelbruce90096
Water Resources and Water Pollution
Life on planet Earth would be impossible without water. All life forms, from unicellular bacteria to multicellular plants and animals, contain water. Humans are composed of approximately 60 percent water by body weight and we depend on water, not only for our survival, but for our convenience: We drink it, cook with it, wash in it, travel on it, and use an enormous amount of it for agriculture, manufacturing, mining, energy, production, and waste disposal. Though 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered in water, only 0.024% of the overall water supply is available as liquid freshwater that is easily accessible. It is one of the most poorly managed resources, easily wasted and often polluted. The available freshwater is collected, purified and distributed in the hydrologic cycle, but this cycle is easily interrupted by overloading with pollution, reducing wetlands, and reducing forests.
We get water from groundwater and surface water. Groundwateris water that seeps into the ground between spaces in soil and gravel until it reaches impenetrable bedrock. One of the most important sources of freshwater. The top of the groundwater zone that moves up and down based on weather is the water table. The water table drops in level when humans remove water at a faster rate than it is replenished. Surface wateris freshwater from precipitation and melted snow that flows into lakes, wetlands, rivers, and eventually into the oceans.
Water shortages are caused by many factors including dry climate and drought. In some places, the human population uses water at a faster rate than the water is replenished. 30% of the Earth’s land mass now experiences severe or extreme drought and 1 billion people lacked regular access to clean water for drinking, cooking, and washing.
Water Supplies
Aquifers, underground water supplies, are renewable as long as the groundwater doesn’t become contaminated and withdrawn too quickly. Most aquifers around the world, and in the largest food producing countries, are being used up quicker than their rate of replenishment. Dam and reservoir systems are used to capture and hold runoff water. The collected water can be released at need to control flooding, supply water for farming and cities, and to produce electricity. The use of dams and reservoirs has increased the amount of reliable surface runoff by one-third. Unfortunately, these systems also displace people, flood productive lands, and disrupt the ecological services rivers provide.
Tunnels, aqueducts, and underground pipes transfer runoff from dams and reservoirs to water-poor areas. These transfer systems can be wasteful and environmentally harmful by shrinking the water source as more is transferred to water-poor areas. Another option for freshwater is desalinization which involves removing salts from ocean or brackish water. Usually desalinization costs a lot because of the energy required; it also kills many marine organisms and creates salty.
AbstractGround water is the biggest source of drinking water ava.docxransayo
Abstract
Ground water is the biggest source of drinking water available to human population around the world and is rapidly being polluted because of industrialization and increasing demands of agriculture around the world. A set of simple experiments were done to find out what kind of changes do some of these contaminants cause in ground water. Samples of tap water and bottled water were also analyzed for safety. Chemicals like oil, vinegar and soap cause turbidity, odor and color change in water samples. Tap water is just as safe to drink as bottled water because the contamination levels are fairly equal. INTRODUCTION Ground water is present below the surface in porous rocks and is susceptible to contamination by natural and especially human related activities. Large amounts of chemicals like soap and detergents, fertilizers and pesticides, pharmaceutical by-products are discharged in to fresh water aquifers every day. These contaminants leach in to the soil and dissolve in ground water. Different contaminants have different rates of solubility and degradation once they reach the underground water table either by simple flow or by the downward movement of rain water. The ground water may become contaminated with both organic and inorganic substances especially heavy metals like Cadmium, Chromium and Nickel, etc. (Christensen et al, 2001). Pharmaceutical wastes can cause cancer in human cells. (Krifa et al. 2013). Many pharmaceutically active chemicals reach groundwater sources almost untreated and cause contamination. (Herber, 2002). Increase in the emissions of carbon dioxide by burning fossil fuels is the single largest cause of environmental degradation resulting not only in global warming but also causing acid rain which alters the pH of ground water. Water is a universal solvent; however, its dissolving properties are very sensitive to changes in temperature and pH. Global economic growth has, unfortunately, resulted in high levels of carbon dioxide emissions.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
SCI 207 Week 3 Assignment Outline if the Final Lab Report - NEW
ABSTRACT
Ground water is the biggest source of drinking water available to human population around the world and is rapidly being polluted because of industrialization and increasing demands of agriculture around the world. A set of simple experiments were done to find out what kind of changes do some of these contaminants cause in ground water. Samples of tap water and bottled water were also analyzed for safety. Chemicals like oil, vinegar and soap cause turbidity, odor and color change in water samples. Tap water is much safer to drink than bottled water because it contains less contamination than bottles water.
INTRODUCTION
Ground water is present below the surface in porous rocks and is susceptible to contamination by natural and especially human related activities. Large amounts of chemicals like soap and detergents, ferti.
AbstractGround water is the biggest source of drinking water ava.docx
Water quality
1. Water quality.
Water pollution
Basic parameters of water
Inorganig chemicals
Waterborne diseases
Water quality management
Each component of the hydrologic cycle-precipitation, surface water and groundwater
storage, and evaporation-changes the quality of a water body. For example,precipitation in the from
of rain or snow can carry airborne pollutants to the earth’s surface; surface water runoff can cause
erosion and transport sendiment; groundwater recharge can leach chemicals into aquifers; and
evaporation cant elevate concentrations of pollutans in bodies of water by reducing the total volume
of stored water. Each natural component of the hydrologic cycle cant have a negative effect on
surface and groundwater quality.
Humans also have a tremendous effect on water quality. All of us contribute waste to the
environment through the consumption of resources such as food, clothing, housing, and fuel for
transportation. The rapidly growing world population is contributing to the deterioration of our
existing water quality and is creating significant challenges for water managers, industry and fish and
wildlife agencies. This capter will explore problems and solutions that are currently addressed
throughout the world.
Water pollution.
Pollution ( from the latin word pollutus meaning “to soil or defile” ) can occur either naturally. Water
is considered to be polluted if it is unusable for a particular purpose. Natural processes such as
chemical reactions between rocks and water , errosion and sendimentation caused by flowing water,
percolation of survace water into groundwater aquifers, and the residence time of water stored in
rivers, lakes, wetlands, and aquifers, can all create or compund pollution. In some locations, water is
naturally of such poor quality that plants and animals cannot survive.
Unfortunately, humans have caused incredible levels of water pollution. According to the
national water quality inventory: 2000 report to congress, as reported by the U.S environmental
protection agency, only 61 percent of the streams, lakes, and estuaries that were assessed (19
percent of all rivers and streams, and 43 percent of all likes, ponds, and reservoirs in the united
states) met the water quality standards evaluated. Leading pollutants in these impaired waters
included sediments, bacteria, nutrients, and metals (primarily mercury). Runoff from urban areas
and agricultural lands were the primary sources of these pollutants.
The national water quality inventory showed that 78 percent of the state-assessed shoreline
miles of the great lakes were impaired. This classification was given, in part, because of the high level
of pollutants found in fish tissue that could be harmful to human health if eaten. The inventory
made no report on ground-water, but in 1998, it reported to congress that groundwater quality was
generally “good” in the united states (see figure 5.1), meaning that the water quality sampled would
2. support all designated uses. However, measurable negative impacts have been detected from
leaking sources such as underground storage tanks, septic systems, landfills.