The fertilizer spreads on land and is washed into lakes by rain and underground water. This causes overgrowth of algae and aquatic plants in the lake. The algae blocks sunlight from reaching lower parts of the lake and dies. Bacteria decompose the algae, using up all the oxygen and making the lake anoxic. All organisms in the lake then die, due to eutrophication caused by excess nutrients entering the lake. Eutrophication decreases diversity and changes dominant species, increasing plant and animal biomass while reducing oxygen and water clarity.

3.  The fertilizer spread on the land.
 The fertilizer is washed down by the rain
and absorbed by the soil.
 The fertilizer is transported to a lake by
underground water.
 The presence of the fertilizer in the lake
causes overgrowth the algae and
aquatic plants.

4.  Now, no sunlight can reach the lower
part of the lake causing algae to die.
 The bacteria composes the algae. By
doing this the bacteria used up all the
oxygen making it anoxic.
 Because, all of this , all the organism in
the lake die

5.  The "bloom" or great increase of
phytoplankton in a water body as
a response to increased levels of
nutrients.

6. Sources of cultural Eutrophication

7.  Species diversity decreases and the
dominant biota changes.
 Plants and animals biomass increased.
 Turbidity increases .
 Rate of sedimentation
increases, shortening the lifespan of the
lake.
 Anoxic condition may develop.

8. The algae overgrowth

9. Normal lake and lake during
eutrophication.

10. NORMAL LAKE LAKE DURING
EUTROPHICATION
 Low nutrients level
 Good light
penetration
 High dissolved
oxygen
 Deep water
 Low algal growth
 Smell mouth bass,
lake trout, pike,
sturgeon, whitefish.
• High nutrients levels
• Poor light
penetration
• Low dissolved
oxygen
• Shallows water
• High algal growth
• Carp, bullhead,
catfish.

11. The lake during eutrophication

13. 1. Zon Avicennia dan
Sonneratia
2. Zon Rhizophora
3. Zon Bruguiera

14. 1. Tanah yang lembut dan berlumpur
serta angin laut yang kuat.
2. Terdedah kepada keamatan cahaya
yang tinggi.
3. Keadaan tanah yag bertakung air.
4. Kemasinan air laut yang tinggi.
5. Biji benih yang jatuh ke tanah mati.

15. ASPEK Zon 1 Zon 2 Zon 3
Jenis
akar dan
ciri-ciri
penyesua
ian.
 Akar
ceracak
dan
bercabang
luas.
 Sistem
akar yang
meluas.
 Beratus-
ratus akar
pneumatofo
r.
• Akar
jangkang.
• Akar banir.

16. ASPEK Zon 1, Zon 2 dan Zon 3
Daun
Hidatod
Vivipariti
 Kutikel tebal
 Sukulen dan boleh menyerap air.
 Liang pada epidermis daun.
 Biji benih yang bercambah sementara
masih lagi melekat pada tumbuhan
induk.