This document discusses water distribution and availability issues in India, specifically in the state of Maharashtra. It notes that water availability is unevenly distributed due to physical and climate diversity. While irrigation, industry, and urban sectors in Maharashtra are large, they are facing increasing water availability problems. The demand for water is projected to exceed supply by 2030 in some regions. Solutions proposed include rainwater harvesting, water conservation activities, water diversion from surplus to deficit regions using GIS and remote sensing techniques, reducing water leakage, and converting saline to fresh water. Case studies on water management in specific districts and river basins are also mentioned.

1. Sainath P. Aher
Department of Geography
S. N. Arts, D. J. Malpani Commerce, B. N. Sarda Science College,
Sangamner, Dist- Ahmadnagar (M.S.)

2. Earth
Land
29 %
Water
71 %
Saline
(Ocean)
97 %
Fresh
3 %
Ground
30.1 %
Glaciers
68. 7%
Other
0.9 %
Surface
0.3 %
Rivers
2 %
Swamps
11 %
Lakes
87 %
Distribution of
Water on Earth
Uneven
distribution
tension in
future

3.  Sphere – Hydrosphere
 Water has demand from growing population
 The availability of water is unequal –
because of physical and climatic diversity
 Problem - need solve by micro level
planning

5. India- Drought prone regionmap add here

6. Available water for planed use – 38882 million m³ in Godavari Basin
total use upto 1996 = 17969 million m³
demand will growth upto 2030 = 43446 million m³
(Maharashtra State Development Report: Irrigation, chapter-4, pp-97)
Basin-wise Water Supply and Demand in Maharashtra:1996 & 2030

7. Ahemadnagar
SITE NAME 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Rassin 5.81 5.24 5.41 6.65 5.55
Shrigonda 9.82 9.72 11.51 11.32 11.04
Mirajgaon2 6.9 5.92 6.57 13.32 8.57
Jamkhed 5.65 3.98 4.49 5.74 6.26
Chas 5.3 5.39 4.64 5.58 4.17
Parner2 8.27 6.61 10.38 16.55 8.37
Bote 6.06 5.86 4.89 6.54 5.87
Rahuri 9.95 9.59 9.77 9.54 7.73
Sonai 2.76 1.03 1.57 4.02 2.6
Chandanapuri 14.02 11.24 17.84 18.25 14.98
Tambhol 5.8 8.2 7.6 4.42 3.68
Rajur 4.37 1.62 1.65 4.38 2.33
Akole 9.04 6 10.9 16.02 9.71
Shirasgaon 4.71 7.28 4.84 4.29 4.2
Sangamner 8.24 8.46 9.93 8.84 9.27
Kokangaon 5.98 5.84 6.12 4.25 3.79
Babhuleshwar 4.94 3.44 6 5.17 5.63
Srirampur 4.47 3.08 3.26 3.99 2.95
Rahata 9 9.96 14.12 13.58 8.9
Kopargaon 11.08 8.96 9.9 10.11 9.22
Aurangabad
SITE NAME 2008 2009 2010 2011
Paithan 16 16 16 6.19
Limbe Jalgaon 6.06 5.55 5.48 5.98
Mahalgaon 10.65 6.82 5.29 7.8
Apatgaon 6.81 8.53 7.6 6.8
Chikalthana 9.5 16.16 12.38 6.5
Rotegaon 10.23 9.02 8.18 9.06
Khuldabad 9.5 10.45 8.3 8.29
Khandala 10.49 15.91 8.87 7.29
Chauka 3.31 5.43 4.35 6.32
Walur Tanda 6.15 5.24 5.09 5.18
Patri 4.86 3.73 3.3 5.2
Tunki 14.31 9.93 8.33 7.11
Hatnur 5.46 5.09 4.49 4.65
Kinnal 5.94 4.42 2.54 4.82
Kaigaon 6.81 3.07 2 4.99
Borgaon Bazar 10.4 5.55 11.53 8.02
Kannad 13.76 10.86 5.8 5.97
Digar Pishore2 7.7 8.62 12.6 4.35
Ajanta 5.5 3.2 3.24 2.96
Fardapur 6.8 6.56 6.52 7.55
Nashik
SITE NAME 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Igatpuri 3.85 4.52 4.26 10.73 5.2
Nandur Shirgate 3.72 4.03 2.81 4.3 3.58
Mukhane 1.48 2.98 2.07 2.57 2.84
Sinnar 7.36 7.12 6.75 7.59 8.68
Deolali 5.15 6.65 5.33 4.41 4.92
Shinde 2.6 3.32 3.22 2.98 5.42
Trimbakeswar 1.84 1.21 1 0.95 2.32
Andarsul 4.21 4.54 3.72 4.61 3.93
Yeola 7.06 6.5 8.08 8.76 8.85
Jalgaon 7.02 7.06 7.35 8.91 9.84
Kona 4.27 2.8 3.74 3.18 4.42
Harsul 0.76 1.17 1.41 1 0.72
PimpalgaonBsvnt 6.66 6.42 6.33 6.64 7.9
Dindori 7.64 5.96 6.86 6.6 8.47
Chandwad 4.28 6.46 4.87 5.88 7.22
Peinth 3.86 2.94 2.14 2.15 3.11
Nandgaon 5.16 5.64 5.22 4.72 5.34
Vani 3.98 4.3 3.73 3.92 5.12
Jalgaon 5.45 7.33 4.39 4.92 3.9
Satana 15.35 11.56 13.22 14.9 18.12
Ground Water Level decreasing - (Ahemadnagar, Aurangabad and Nashik District)

8. Surplus & Deficit Region
 Though, the Irrigation, Industry and Urban
Sectors in Maharashtra is one of the largest in
the country, but they facing the water
availability problem from last few decade.
 Similarly, the water availability for future
use of population, urban area, irrigation,
industry has been reducing at a fast rate.
 This situation has been responsible for
rising problems and vulnerable situation in
the present area.

9. Issues

10. River pollution- major concern

12. Who is responsible ?
I n d u s t r y, U r b a n A r e a a n d h u m a n a l s o . . .

13. Large volume of water leakage …

15. How we can solve the water problem ?
Running
• Conversion of water
from Saline to Fresh
– But need high budget and technology
Water Conservation
- Activity going on in IND
Rainwater harvesting
Discussion
Water Diversion-
Himalayan River- South India
W. Ghats - Drought prone Area
 Need Detail Survey with RS
& GIS techniques.
 RS & GIS has high potential
for searching the water
diversion sites within short
period, and high accuracy.

18. Software tool for water management study

19. GIS Mapping

20. Mumbai
Water
Pollution
Identification
From
Landsat
Satellite
Image

22. LANDSAT SATELLITE IMAGE

23. Study of Pravara
River Near
Sangamner

24. Lab work - Surface area measurement- a tool
Measured Area of Bhandardara Water body- 5.87 Sq.k.m.

25. Drainage
Digitalization
and Overlay

26. Potential Sites for Run off diversion

29. Real
time
data

30. Change Detection : Pimpalgaon Konzira
1972-2006-2007- 2011

31. We need to conserve our water
Conservation Method Technology use