The document discusses the history and evolution of agricultural extension in India from the 1960s onwards. It describes early programs like the Package Programme launched in 1960 to increase food production and economic wellbeing. This was followed by the Area Approach program in 1964 targeting over 1000 blocks across India. Later programs included the Technology Assessment and Refinement Program to generate appropriate technologies for small farms, wasteland development initiatives starting in 1973, and the World Bank aided National Agricultural Technology Project from 1998 to improve research and dissemination.
Kisan Call Centre (KCC) is a toll-free helpline that provides information to farmers on various agricultural issues. It operates from 14 locations across India in local languages. Farmers can call 1551 to get answers from Level 1 call agents, or be connected to Level 2 experts or Level 3 nodal officers if needed. The KCC aims to address information asymmetry faced by farmers and leverage telecom infrastructure to provide extension services. Initial surveys found that most callers were male farmers aged 29-48 with 6-7 years of schooling and medium-large landholdings. Major queries were about weather, fertility, pests, inputs and credit. Farmer satisfaction with KCC was high, and many implemented the advice
The document provides an overview of sustainable rural development in India. It discusses the current state of rural India, highlighting issues like poverty, lack of access to electricity and clean cooking fuels. It outlines the need for sustainable rural development to reduce inequalities and boost economic growth. Government targets for rural development are also presented, including providing livelihood opportunities, guaranteeing wage employment, and improving rural infrastructure. Key government programs and policies aimed at sustainable rural development like MNREGA, SGSY, and PMGSY are described, along with some of the challenges faced in their implementation. Sustainable agriculture techniques, corporate social responsibility initiatives, and best practices from companies like BPCL, Maruti Suzuki, and GSK are also summarized.
The document discusses individual contact methods used by extension workers to communicate directly with farmers. It describes methods like farm/home visits, phone calls, SMS, flags, letters, email and video calls. It then provides statistics on India's rural/urban population and growth of telecom access. A key program discussed is the Kisan Call Center, launched in 2004 to provide extension services to farmers via a toll-free phone line. The call center infrastructure and operations are explained, along with the role of different levels in responding to farmer questions.
The document summarizes several early rural development projects in India prior to independence in 1947. It describes projects started by individuals like Sir Daniel Hamilton's 1903 scheme of rural reconstruction in West Bengal. It also outlines government-led initiatives like the 1920 Gurgaon experiment in Punjab and the 1946 Firka Development Program in Madras. The objectives of these early efforts included increasing agricultural production, promoting education and sanitation, and improving economic and social conditions of rural communities.
This document discusses tools used in Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) including matrix ranking, timelines, and wealth ranking. It defines PRA as incorporating rural peoples' knowledge and opinions in development projects. Matrix ranking compares products or services by criteria and ranking. Timelines document important community events historically. Wealth ranking discovers community definitions of poverty and stratifies wealth by categorizing households.
A socio economic village study ghagharala, ghamanpura, dalmahuVikram Rana
A socio-economic village study ghagharala, ghamanpura, dalmahu, with the help of AKRSP(I), Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh, Under Development Immersion of Development Management Institute, Patna, (DMI, Patna)
The document discusses the history and evolution of agricultural extension in India from the 1960s onwards. It describes early programs like the Package Programme launched in 1960 to increase food production and economic wellbeing. This was followed by the Area Approach program in 1964 targeting over 1000 blocks across India. Later programs included the Technology Assessment and Refinement Program to generate appropriate technologies for small farms, wasteland development initiatives starting in 1973, and the World Bank aided National Agricultural Technology Project from 1998 to improve research and dissemination.
Kisan Call Centre (KCC) is a toll-free helpline that provides information to farmers on various agricultural issues. It operates from 14 locations across India in local languages. Farmers can call 1551 to get answers from Level 1 call agents, or be connected to Level 2 experts or Level 3 nodal officers if needed. The KCC aims to address information asymmetry faced by farmers and leverage telecom infrastructure to provide extension services. Initial surveys found that most callers were male farmers aged 29-48 with 6-7 years of schooling and medium-large landholdings. Major queries were about weather, fertility, pests, inputs and credit. Farmer satisfaction with KCC was high, and many implemented the advice
The document provides an overview of sustainable rural development in India. It discusses the current state of rural India, highlighting issues like poverty, lack of access to electricity and clean cooking fuels. It outlines the need for sustainable rural development to reduce inequalities and boost economic growth. Government targets for rural development are also presented, including providing livelihood opportunities, guaranteeing wage employment, and improving rural infrastructure. Key government programs and policies aimed at sustainable rural development like MNREGA, SGSY, and PMGSY are described, along with some of the challenges faced in their implementation. Sustainable agriculture techniques, corporate social responsibility initiatives, and best practices from companies like BPCL, Maruti Suzuki, and GSK are also summarized.
The document discusses individual contact methods used by extension workers to communicate directly with farmers. It describes methods like farm/home visits, phone calls, SMS, flags, letters, email and video calls. It then provides statistics on India's rural/urban population and growth of telecom access. A key program discussed is the Kisan Call Center, launched in 2004 to provide extension services to farmers via a toll-free phone line. The call center infrastructure and operations are explained, along with the role of different levels in responding to farmer questions.
The document summarizes several early rural development projects in India prior to independence in 1947. It describes projects started by individuals like Sir Daniel Hamilton's 1903 scheme of rural reconstruction in West Bengal. It also outlines government-led initiatives like the 1920 Gurgaon experiment in Punjab and the 1946 Firka Development Program in Madras. The objectives of these early efforts included increasing agricultural production, promoting education and sanitation, and improving economic and social conditions of rural communities.
This document discusses tools used in Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) including matrix ranking, timelines, and wealth ranking. It defines PRA as incorporating rural peoples' knowledge and opinions in development projects. Matrix ranking compares products or services by criteria and ranking. Timelines document important community events historically. Wealth ranking discovers community definitions of poverty and stratifies wealth by categorizing households.
A socio economic village study ghagharala, ghamanpura, dalmahuVikram Rana
A socio-economic village study ghagharala, ghamanpura, dalmahu, with the help of AKRSP(I), Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh, Under Development Immersion of Development Management Institute, Patna, (DMI, Patna)
This document provides guidance on writing scripts for farm radio talks. It discusses that radio is an effective medium for informing and motivating rural audiences. When writing scripts, key points to consider include the audience's background and needs, selecting a relevant and practical topic, and collecting detailed information from reliable sources. The script should arrest listeners' attention, hold it by using local examples, clearly convey the information in the proper sequence, and fire listeners' imagination about applying the information. The script should be brief, clear, and written with empathy for the audience. When delivering the script, the speaker should rehearse, be conversational, repeat important points, and summarize at the end.
The document discusses the extension system of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) in India. It outlines the establishment and roles of ICAR and SAUs. ICAR was established in 1929 as the apex body for coordinating agricultural research and education. It has 99 research institutes and oversees 53 agricultural universities across India. SAUs were established beginning in 1960 to improve agricultural education, research, and extension. Their extension roles include conducting on-farm trials, demonstrations, training programs, and providing advisory services to farmers.
Farmer Led Extension is a promising approach wherein farmer leaders were utilized as extensionists to transfer the technologies they learned with a view to boosting up production.
The FLE approach gives farmers the opportunity to share their experiences and practices through a method demonstration with fellow farmers in the area.
Reasons for Group Led Extension
1. Efficiency
2. Effectiveness
3. Collective action
4. Equity
Farm school :
“Farm school is a field where latest technology was demonstrated to progressive and interested farmers who undergo training for a certain period of time. Farm schools help in speedy dissemination and adoption of technologies through training of progressive farmers on the latest production technology.”
Agri-Clinic And Agribusiness Services Scheme In IndiaMD SALMAN ANJUM
The document provides information about the Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres scheme in India. The key points are:
1. The scheme aims to supplement public extension efforts and create self-employment for agricultural graduates by setting up Agri-Clinics to provide advice to farmers and Agri-Business Centres for commercial agri-ventures.
2. Over 235,000 ventures have been established across various agricultural activities such as crop production, dairy, and machinery. However, the success rate remains low compared to the total trained candidates.
3. The scheme provides training, loans up to Rs. 20 lakhs with 36-44% subsidy, and handholding
Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is a set of approaches and methods that allow local communities to share and enhance their knowledge about life and conditions in order to plan and take action. The key principles of PRA include respecting local knowledge, involving disadvantaged groups, collecting only necessary data, visualizing information for communities, and ensuring analysis is done in the field with communities. PRA uses various tools like interviews, group discussions, seasonal calendars, flow diagrams, timelines, wealth rankings, maps, observations, Venn diagrams and matrices to involve communities in understanding issues.
This document discusses participatory rural appraisal (PRA) and related methodologies. PRA involves local communities in the assessment of their needs and resources through participatory techniques. It aims to gather qualitative information in a bottom-up, flexible manner. Some key PRA techniques discussed include participatory mapping, seasonal calendars, wealth rankings, and semi-structured interviewing. PRA seeks to overcome some limitations of earlier rapid rural appraisal approaches by increasing participation and incorporating local knowledge. Related methodologies like participatory technology development also take collaborative, community-based approaches.
rapid rural appraisal and participatory rural appraisalpooja garg
Rapid Rural Appraisal consists of a series of techniques for "quick and dirty" research that are claimed to generate results of less apparent precision, but greater evidential value, than classic quantitative survey techniques
A growing combination of approaches and methods that enable rural people to share, enhance and analyze their knowledge of life and conditions, to plan and act and to monitor and evaluate.
The document discusses the history and evolution of agricultural extension approaches in Nepal. It outlines several conventional approaches used from the 1970s to present, including the training and visit system, integrated agriculture/rural development approach, tuki system, farming system research and extension approach, block production program approach, commodity group approach, pocket package approach, projectization approach, farmers field school approach, and contract and partnership approach. It notes that extension services in Nepal have not been strong and effective, reaching only 55% of cultivated land, and that no single approach could be adopted nationwide given Nepal's diverse geography, climate, and other factors. It stresses the need for more pragmatic, bottom-up policies and increased national self-reliance rather than
Fundamentals of Rural Development_Unit I.pdfMangeshBhople
This document discusses various concepts and approaches related to rural development. It defines rural development as the overall improvement of quality of life for rural people through reducing poverty, increasing productivity, and providing basic services. It discusses several approaches to rural development including the broad front approach, sectoral approach, participatory approach, area development approach, target approach, basic needs approach, and employment-oriented integrated approach. The key objectives of rural development are agricultural growth, economic and social infrastructure development, fair wages, housing, public health, education, communication, water, sanitation, women's empowerment, and infrastructure development.
This document provides an overview of the Farmer Field School (FFS) methodology. Some key points:
10
1. FFS was developed by FAO in Southeast Asia to empower smallholder farmers through experiential learning. Farmers conduct field experiments and make their own decisions, guided by facilitators rather than instructions.
2. The approach has since spread globally and been adapted for different crops, soils, livestock, and issues. Principles include farmer-led experimentation and observation, regular group meetings, and facilitators who provide support rather than lectures.
3. Implementation follows several steps - groundwork, facilitator training, regular FFS meetings where farmers collect data, evaluate trials, and
The Department of Agriculture's e-Extension Program aims to provide more efficient alternative extension services for agriculture, fisheries, and natural resources sectors through a network of institutions. The program maximizes the use of information and communication technologies to modernize the agriculture and fisheries sector. It offers various technical advisory services online including a Farmers' Contact Center, Nutrient Manager for Rice decision support tool, online courses, and platforms for trading information. The goal is to deliver services anytime, anywhere through various electronic channels.
A look inot the histroy of Permaculture adn its roots. Then a look into the state of the world very briefly. Following that an examination of each of the principles laid out by Bill Mollison in the book Introduction to Permaculture. Finally ending with a few pictures that provide looks into Permaculture Management techniques reflecting these design principles.
Public-private partnerships (PPPs) involve contractual agreements between public and private sector entities to share skills, assets, risks, and rewards in delivering a public service or facility. PPPs are needed in Indian agriculture to boost research, use of quality seeds and farm mechanization, expand irrigation, and ensure food security. They provide benefits like more efficient delivery of projects and innovation but also face challenges like risky investments for private partners and lack of legal frameworks. Examples of agricultural PPPs in India include projects improving maize farming, e-Choupal knowledge platforms, and a Maharashtra program linking farmers' groups with agribusinesses.
This document provides an overview of integrated watershed management and rainwater harvesting. It discusses India's water resources and challenges meeting future demand. Watershed development, modeling, and integrated management approaches are examined. Successful case studies from Jhabua, India are presented, showing how resources mapping, appropriate technologies, and management systems improved water security, agriculture productivity, and living conditions through a community-based approach. The integrated watershed management achieved water conservation and recharge objectives while promoting sustainable development.
KVK (Krishi Vigyan Kendra ) :- Introducation of kvk ,
objectives of kvk ,
mandate and activities of kvk ,
organizational structure of kvk ,
Role and responsibility of the kvk ,
strategies for working in kvk
Banaras Hindu Unversity :
The Student READY (Rural Entrepreneurship
Awareness Development Yojana) programme
aims to provide rural entrepreneurship
awareness, practical experience in real-life
situation in rural agriculture and creating
awareness to undergraduate students about
practical agriculture and allied sciences. The
programme will help in building confidence,
skill and acquire Indigenous Technical
Knowledge (ITK) of the locality and thereby,
preparing the pass-out for self-employment.
It also aims to provide opportunities to acquire
hands-on-experience and entrepreneurial
skills. To reorient graduates of agriculture and
allied subjects for ensuring and assuring
employability and develop entrepreneurs for
emerging knowledge intensive agriculture, it
was felt necessary to introduce this program
in all the AU’s as an essential prerequisite for
the award of degree to ensure hands on
experience and practical training
This include the visit of farm and agricultural departments in the locality
This document discusses intercropping systems in Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). It defines intercropping as cultivating two or more crops simultaneously in the same field. The objectives of intercropping include higher productivity, stability of production, and insurance against crop failure. Research has found that intercropping Bt cotton with fodder maize resulted in the highest seed cotton equivalent yield. Applying recommended doses of nitrogen to intercrops also increased intercrop yields. Intercropping was concluded to increase soil fertility, nutrient uptake, and income per unit area compared to sole cropping.
This document provides an overview of agro-ecological zoning in India. It describes how India has been divided into 20 agro-ecological regions and 60 agro-ecological subregions based on soil type, climate, and physiography. Each zone is further classified into agro-ecological units at the district level. Several of the major agro-ecological zones are then described, including the climatic characteristics and soil types found in each. The purpose of agro-ecological zoning is to assess crop yield potential, formulate plans for crop diversification, and determine optimal land use across different regions of the country.
Selection and Training - Human Resource Management.pdfSatanik Sil
Selection and Training of Human Resource Development and Management
1. What is Selection
2. Process of Selection
3. Importance
1. What is training?
2. Methods of training.
3. Importance
Watershed Management
In this presentation I have covered the topics :
1. What is watershed ?
2. Types of Watershed
3. Classification of watershed.
4. Watershed Management
5. Objectives
6. Components
7. Causes of Watershed Deterioration
8. Water management structures
This document provides guidance on writing scripts for farm radio talks. It discusses that radio is an effective medium for informing and motivating rural audiences. When writing scripts, key points to consider include the audience's background and needs, selecting a relevant and practical topic, and collecting detailed information from reliable sources. The script should arrest listeners' attention, hold it by using local examples, clearly convey the information in the proper sequence, and fire listeners' imagination about applying the information. The script should be brief, clear, and written with empathy for the audience. When delivering the script, the speaker should rehearse, be conversational, repeat important points, and summarize at the end.
The document discusses the extension system of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) in India. It outlines the establishment and roles of ICAR and SAUs. ICAR was established in 1929 as the apex body for coordinating agricultural research and education. It has 99 research institutes and oversees 53 agricultural universities across India. SAUs were established beginning in 1960 to improve agricultural education, research, and extension. Their extension roles include conducting on-farm trials, demonstrations, training programs, and providing advisory services to farmers.
Farmer Led Extension is a promising approach wherein farmer leaders were utilized as extensionists to transfer the technologies they learned with a view to boosting up production.
The FLE approach gives farmers the opportunity to share their experiences and practices through a method demonstration with fellow farmers in the area.
Reasons for Group Led Extension
1. Efficiency
2. Effectiveness
3. Collective action
4. Equity
Farm school :
“Farm school is a field where latest technology was demonstrated to progressive and interested farmers who undergo training for a certain period of time. Farm schools help in speedy dissemination and adoption of technologies through training of progressive farmers on the latest production technology.”
Agri-Clinic And Agribusiness Services Scheme In IndiaMD SALMAN ANJUM
The document provides information about the Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres scheme in India. The key points are:
1. The scheme aims to supplement public extension efforts and create self-employment for agricultural graduates by setting up Agri-Clinics to provide advice to farmers and Agri-Business Centres for commercial agri-ventures.
2. Over 235,000 ventures have been established across various agricultural activities such as crop production, dairy, and machinery. However, the success rate remains low compared to the total trained candidates.
3. The scheme provides training, loans up to Rs. 20 lakhs with 36-44% subsidy, and handholding
Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is a set of approaches and methods that allow local communities to share and enhance their knowledge about life and conditions in order to plan and take action. The key principles of PRA include respecting local knowledge, involving disadvantaged groups, collecting only necessary data, visualizing information for communities, and ensuring analysis is done in the field with communities. PRA uses various tools like interviews, group discussions, seasonal calendars, flow diagrams, timelines, wealth rankings, maps, observations, Venn diagrams and matrices to involve communities in understanding issues.
This document discusses participatory rural appraisal (PRA) and related methodologies. PRA involves local communities in the assessment of their needs and resources through participatory techniques. It aims to gather qualitative information in a bottom-up, flexible manner. Some key PRA techniques discussed include participatory mapping, seasonal calendars, wealth rankings, and semi-structured interviewing. PRA seeks to overcome some limitations of earlier rapid rural appraisal approaches by increasing participation and incorporating local knowledge. Related methodologies like participatory technology development also take collaborative, community-based approaches.
rapid rural appraisal and participatory rural appraisalpooja garg
Rapid Rural Appraisal consists of a series of techniques for "quick and dirty" research that are claimed to generate results of less apparent precision, but greater evidential value, than classic quantitative survey techniques
A growing combination of approaches and methods that enable rural people to share, enhance and analyze their knowledge of life and conditions, to plan and act and to monitor and evaluate.
The document discusses the history and evolution of agricultural extension approaches in Nepal. It outlines several conventional approaches used from the 1970s to present, including the training and visit system, integrated agriculture/rural development approach, tuki system, farming system research and extension approach, block production program approach, commodity group approach, pocket package approach, projectization approach, farmers field school approach, and contract and partnership approach. It notes that extension services in Nepal have not been strong and effective, reaching only 55% of cultivated land, and that no single approach could be adopted nationwide given Nepal's diverse geography, climate, and other factors. It stresses the need for more pragmatic, bottom-up policies and increased national self-reliance rather than
Fundamentals of Rural Development_Unit I.pdfMangeshBhople
This document discusses various concepts and approaches related to rural development. It defines rural development as the overall improvement of quality of life for rural people through reducing poverty, increasing productivity, and providing basic services. It discusses several approaches to rural development including the broad front approach, sectoral approach, participatory approach, area development approach, target approach, basic needs approach, and employment-oriented integrated approach. The key objectives of rural development are agricultural growth, economic and social infrastructure development, fair wages, housing, public health, education, communication, water, sanitation, women's empowerment, and infrastructure development.
This document provides an overview of the Farmer Field School (FFS) methodology. Some key points:
10
1. FFS was developed by FAO in Southeast Asia to empower smallholder farmers through experiential learning. Farmers conduct field experiments and make their own decisions, guided by facilitators rather than instructions.
2. The approach has since spread globally and been adapted for different crops, soils, livestock, and issues. Principles include farmer-led experimentation and observation, regular group meetings, and facilitators who provide support rather than lectures.
3. Implementation follows several steps - groundwork, facilitator training, regular FFS meetings where farmers collect data, evaluate trials, and
The Department of Agriculture's e-Extension Program aims to provide more efficient alternative extension services for agriculture, fisheries, and natural resources sectors through a network of institutions. The program maximizes the use of information and communication technologies to modernize the agriculture and fisheries sector. It offers various technical advisory services online including a Farmers' Contact Center, Nutrient Manager for Rice decision support tool, online courses, and platforms for trading information. The goal is to deliver services anytime, anywhere through various electronic channels.
A look inot the histroy of Permaculture adn its roots. Then a look into the state of the world very briefly. Following that an examination of each of the principles laid out by Bill Mollison in the book Introduction to Permaculture. Finally ending with a few pictures that provide looks into Permaculture Management techniques reflecting these design principles.
Public-private partnerships (PPPs) involve contractual agreements between public and private sector entities to share skills, assets, risks, and rewards in delivering a public service or facility. PPPs are needed in Indian agriculture to boost research, use of quality seeds and farm mechanization, expand irrigation, and ensure food security. They provide benefits like more efficient delivery of projects and innovation but also face challenges like risky investments for private partners and lack of legal frameworks. Examples of agricultural PPPs in India include projects improving maize farming, e-Choupal knowledge platforms, and a Maharashtra program linking farmers' groups with agribusinesses.
This document provides an overview of integrated watershed management and rainwater harvesting. It discusses India's water resources and challenges meeting future demand. Watershed development, modeling, and integrated management approaches are examined. Successful case studies from Jhabua, India are presented, showing how resources mapping, appropriate technologies, and management systems improved water security, agriculture productivity, and living conditions through a community-based approach. The integrated watershed management achieved water conservation and recharge objectives while promoting sustainable development.
KVK (Krishi Vigyan Kendra ) :- Introducation of kvk ,
objectives of kvk ,
mandate and activities of kvk ,
organizational structure of kvk ,
Role and responsibility of the kvk ,
strategies for working in kvk
Banaras Hindu Unversity :
The Student READY (Rural Entrepreneurship
Awareness Development Yojana) programme
aims to provide rural entrepreneurship
awareness, practical experience in real-life
situation in rural agriculture and creating
awareness to undergraduate students about
practical agriculture and allied sciences. The
programme will help in building confidence,
skill and acquire Indigenous Technical
Knowledge (ITK) of the locality and thereby,
preparing the pass-out for self-employment.
It also aims to provide opportunities to acquire
hands-on-experience and entrepreneurial
skills. To reorient graduates of agriculture and
allied subjects for ensuring and assuring
employability and develop entrepreneurs for
emerging knowledge intensive agriculture, it
was felt necessary to introduce this program
in all the AU’s as an essential prerequisite for
the award of degree to ensure hands on
experience and practical training
This include the visit of farm and agricultural departments in the locality
This document discusses intercropping systems in Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). It defines intercropping as cultivating two or more crops simultaneously in the same field. The objectives of intercropping include higher productivity, stability of production, and insurance against crop failure. Research has found that intercropping Bt cotton with fodder maize resulted in the highest seed cotton equivalent yield. Applying recommended doses of nitrogen to intercrops also increased intercrop yields. Intercropping was concluded to increase soil fertility, nutrient uptake, and income per unit area compared to sole cropping.
This document provides an overview of agro-ecological zoning in India. It describes how India has been divided into 20 agro-ecological regions and 60 agro-ecological subregions based on soil type, climate, and physiography. Each zone is further classified into agro-ecological units at the district level. Several of the major agro-ecological zones are then described, including the climatic characteristics and soil types found in each. The purpose of agro-ecological zoning is to assess crop yield potential, formulate plans for crop diversification, and determine optimal land use across different regions of the country.
Selection and Training - Human Resource Management.pdfSatanik Sil
Selection and Training of Human Resource Development and Management
1. What is Selection
2. Process of Selection
3. Importance
1. What is training?
2. Methods of training.
3. Importance
Watershed Management
In this presentation I have covered the topics :
1. What is watershed ?
2. Types of Watershed
3. Classification of watershed.
4. Watershed Management
5. Objectives
6. Components
7. Causes of Watershed Deterioration
8. Water management structures
Drugs abuse and drug addiction - a power point presentation for students of social work. I have covered the following topics :
1. What is drug ?
2. Definition of Drug Abuse and Drug Addiction ?
3. Causes of drug abuse
4. Effects of drug abuse
5. Strategic intervention
6. Reference
7. Thanking you
This document discusses weed management and presents various methods for controlling weeds. It defines a weed as an unwanted plant growing where it is not desired. The goal of weed management is to limit weed infestation so that crops can be grown profitably. Methods of weed management include physical methods like tillage and hand weeding, cultural methods that give crops a competitive advantage like using weed-free seeds, chemical methods using herbicides, and biological methods utilizing organisms to limit weed growth. Prevention, eradication, and control are the principles of effective long-term weed management.
PESA - Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 Satanik Sil
The PESA Act of 1996 aims to ensure self-governance for tribal communities living in Scheduled Areas of India by traditional Gram Sabhas. Scheduled Areas have a preponderance of tribal populations and a special governance mechanism where the central government plays a direct role in protecting tribal interests. The PESA Act gives absolute powers to Gram Sabhas in these areas, while state legislatures have an advisory role. It also provides various powers and functions to Gram Sabhas regarding land acquisition, natural resource management, dispute resolution and other areas important to tribal communities. However, there have been issues with partial implementation of PESA due to lack of clarity, bureaucratic barriers, and lack of meaningful Gram Sabha meetings in some
The document summarizes several central and state government schemes in India aimed at improving rural development, healthcare access, education, livelihoods, and other social services. Key central government schemes discussed include the National Rural Health Mission, Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana, Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana, Integrated Child Development Services, Janani Suraksha Yojana, National Social Assistance Programme, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Midday Meal Scheme, Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission, Bharat Nirman Yojana, National Rural Livelihood Mission, Indira Awaas Y
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
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