valerian ppt 8th sem B pharmacy skb college of pharamacy

1. VALERIAN
VIKAS KOKARE
SMT.KISHORITAI BHOYAR COLLEGEOF PHARMACY
KAMPTEE. NAGPUR

3. Synonyms:-
European valerian,
English valerian,
German valerian,
Val-eriana rhizome.

4. Biological Source:-
Valerian consists of the dried roots and rhizomes
of Valeriana wallichi Linn., belonging to family
Valerianaceae.

6. Geographical Source
It is indigenous to Britain and also found in
 Holland,
 France,
 Japan,
 Belgium
 Germany.

7. Cultivation and Collection
Valerian does well in all ordinary soils, but prefers rich, heavy loam,
well-supplied with moisture. Preference is given in collecting root
offsets.
The daughter plants and young flowering plants, which develop
towards the end of summer, at the end of slender runners given off by
the perennial rhizomes of old plants.
 They are set 1 foot apart in rows, 2 or 3 feet apart in soil pretreated
with farmyard manure, and after planting it is supplied with liquid
manure timely along with plenty of water.
possible at low temperature.

8. Seed propagation is also done.
The seeds are either sown when ripe in cold frames or in open in
March in gentle heat. Transplantation if required is done in May to
perma-nent quarters.
 But to ensure the best alkaloidal percentage, it is best to
transplant and cultivate the daughter plants of the wild Valerian.
The flowering tops are cut off so as to enabling the better growth
of the rhizome. Many of the young plants do not flower in the first
year, but produce a luxuriant crop of leaves and yield rhizome of
good quality in the autumn.
 In late September or in early October, all the tops are cut off, and
the rhizomes are harvested.
 Large rhizomes are cut into transverse or longitudinal slices and
dried as quickly as possible at low

9. Characteristics
•The drug are found either entire or sliced erect rhizome, which is dark
yellowish-brown externally.
•It has a size of about 1 inch long and 1/2 inch thick, having numerous slender
brittle roots from 2 1/2 to 4 inches long and few short, slender, lateral branches
are also present.
•The rootstocks are sometimes crowned with the remains of flowering stems
and leafscales are usually firm, horny, and whitish or yellowish internally.
•A transverse section shows irregular outline and exhibits a comparatively
narrow bark, separated by a dark line from an irregular circle of wood bundles
of varying size.

10. Valeriana wallichi

11. Chemical Constituents
•The chief constituent of Valerian is a yellowish-green to brownish-
yellow oil, present in the dried root to the extent of 0.5 to 2%.
•Oil is contained in the sub-epidermal layer of cells consist of
•
•valerianic, formic, and acetic acids;
• the alcohol known as borneol and pinene.
• Fresh rhizomes are reported to have glucoside, alkaloid, and resin.

13. Uses
Valerian is used in the treatment of insomnia, hysteria, blood
pressure, as an anticonvulsant in the treatment of epilepsy.
Valerian can produce a mild and safer sedative without producing
any addiction and dependency.
Valerian has shown to have some antitumor activity, also used as
aromatic, stimulant, nervine, emmenagogue, anodyne, and
antispasmodic. It can promote menstruation when taken hot.
Useful in colic, low fevers, to break up colds and relieves palpitation
of the heart. Oil of Valerian is employed as a popular remedy for
cholera, in the form of cholera drops and also to a certain extent in
soap perfumery.

15. REFERENCE.
http://www.pharmacy180.com/article/valerian-259/
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