The Vietnam War was a conflict between North Vietnam and South Vietnam that lasted from 1955 to 1975. It began as a war between Vietnam and France but later expanded with the United States supporting South Vietnam to contain the spread of communism. Despite massive U.S. military involvement, the war ended with a communist victory in 1975 as North Vietnam unified the country under communist rule.
Vietnam war for Cambridge IGCSE HistoryJoanie Yeung
Introduction of Vietcong, Why did USA get involved in Vietnam? Why did USA fail to defeat the Vietcong? What were the roles played by the media and public opinion in USA? How did the Vietnam War end?
Vietnam war for Cambridge IGCSE HistoryJoanie Yeung
Introduction of Vietcong, Why did USA get involved in Vietnam? Why did USA fail to defeat the Vietcong? What were the roles played by the media and public opinion in USA? How did the Vietnam War end?
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
Future Of Fintech In India | Evolution Of Fintech In IndiaTheUnitedIndian
Navigating the Future of Fintech in India: Insights into how AI, blockchain, and digital payments are driving unprecedented growth in India's fintech industry, redefining financial services and accessibility.
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
Welcome to the new Mizzima Weekly !
Mizzima Media Group is pleased to announce the relaunch of Mizzima Weekly. Mizzima is dedicated to helping our readers and viewers keep up to date on the latest developments in Myanmar and related to Myanmar by offering analysis and insight into the subjects that matter. Our websites and our social media channels provide readers and viewers with up-to-the-minute and up-to-date news, which we don’t necessarily need to replicate in our Mizzima Weekly magazine. But where we see a gap is in providing more analysis, insight and in-depth coverage of Myanmar, that is of particular interest to a range of readers.
ys jagan mohan reddy political career, Biography.pdfVoterMood
Yeduguri Sandinti Jagan Mohan Reddy, often referred to as Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, is an Indian politician who currently serves as the Chief Minister of the state of Andhra Pradesh. He was born on December 21, 1972, in Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, to Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (popularly known as YSR), a former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, and Y.S. Vijayamma.
27052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
2. Overview:
● A war between two sides:
○ France and govt. of South Vietnam supported by the US
○ Viet Cong and North Vietnam
● lasted from the mid-1950s until the mid-1970s
● the war ended in the complete communist takeover of Vietnam in 1975.
3. Origins of the Conflict
Long Term:
● French Imperialism
● Vietnam Nationalism
Short Term:
● French Seizure of Haiphong and Langs
4. French Imperialism
Long Term Cause:
● Vietnam was a French colony
○ expressed purpose of the conquest was to bring liberty to "the races
and peoples still enslaved by ignorance and despotism"
○ needed for economic motives
■ Raw materials + markets
5. Vietnam Nationalism
Long Term Cause:
● Ideas of self-determination led
to many people in Vietnam
wanting to be independent of
French colonial rule
○ This fighting had been
going on for nearly six
decades
● Japan invaded portions of
Vietnam in 1941
● Ho Chi Minh
7. Ho Chi Minh
● In 1941, Ho Chi Minh comes back to Vietnam after traveling the world for
thirty years
○ embraced communist ideas
● Established Viet Minh in the North
○ Goal: To rid Vietnam of French and Japanese occupiers
● In 1945 Ho Chi Minh and his People's Congress create the National
Liberation Committee of Vietnam to form a provisional government.
● On September 2, 1945, after gaining support for their cause, the Viet Minh
announced the Vietnam Democratic Republic as an independent state and
sought recognition from the US, UK, Soviet Union, and China
● But France was determined to hold on to their colonies in Indochina.
● The US did not recognize this independence due to their policy to contain
communism.
8. French Seizure of Haiphong
and Langs
Short Term Cause:
● After Vietnam's declaration of independence, talks with the French failed
to produce a negotiated settlement
● In November 1946 French armed forces seized Haiphong and Langson
○ Initiated the Vietnam War
9. Division of Vietnam
1954: French Defeated at Dien Bien
Phu
● Division of Vietnam: 1954
Geneva Conference agree to split
Vietnam at Seventeenth Parallel.
(Communist North and Anti-
communist South)
● elections were supposed to be
held in 1956 for reunification
○ US thought that this would
give too much power to the
Communist Party of
Vietnam
10. US Fear of Communist
Takeover
● the United States began supporting France in the effort to defend its
colonial presence in Vietnam.
○ the US did this to contain communism, making it an indirect conflict
between the US and the USSR in the cold war.
■ Remembering the failure of appeasement before World War II,
policy makers turn to aggression
■ Johnson asserted that the "central lesson of our time is that the
appetite of aggression is never satisfied. To withdraw from one
battlefield means only to prepare for the next."
■ Domino Theory
11. Domino Theory
● The US belief that if Vietnam fell into communism, its neighbors would
follow in a chain reaction leading to possibly all of Southeast Asia under
communist rule.
○ Truman Doctrine
● Dwight D. Eisenhower: first to bring up this idea-Containment of
Communism
"You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty
that it will go over very quickly. So you have a beginning of a disintegration that would have the most profound
influences."
13. The US in Vietnam
● a counter-revolutionary nation
was built with the support of the
Eisenhower
○ The Government of the
Republic of Vietnam was
established
■ Also called South
Vietnam or GVN
● Ngo Dinh Diem won the elections
(suspiciously) and became
president
● Diem immediately began
attacking North Vietnam
● Diem's rule was corrupt and
unpopular, leading to opposition
from many citizens
14. The National Liberation
Front
● On December 20, 1960, The National Liberation Front(NFL) was founded
○ Anyone could join as long as they opposed Ngo Dinh Diem and wanted
to unify Vietnam
● Also known as the Viet Cong
15. Guerrilla Warfare
● Used by Viet Cong
● Guerrillas do not directly
confront strong opponents but
employ hit-and-run tactics,
sabotage, assassination, and
terrorism in order to exhaust
and harm an enemy.
● Lead to digging of tunnels as
shelter and fighting bases
● Popular support is crucial to
guerrillas
16. Ho Chi Minh Trail
● network of roads that stretched
from North Vietnam through
Eastern Laos to South Vietnam
● main supply route for Vietcong
troops and materials
19. Responses
● By 1963, Kennedy begins
supporting a coup of Diem
● Diem was captured and killed
● Three weeks later, Kennedy was
assassinated
● New US president Lyndon B.
Johnson believed more
aggressive action was needed in
Vietnam
○ Gulf of Tonkin Incident
20. Gulf of Tonkin Incident
The short term event that caused the
escalation of the war:
● In 1964, US destroyer Maddox
reported to be fired by North
Vietnamese torpedo boats, second
attack on C. Turner Joy
○ Lyndon Johnson claims
unprovoked aggression and
orders air strikes against
North Vietnamese torpedo
bases
■ Operation Rolling
Thunder
21. Tactics
● The Communist Party switched to a protracted war strategy after the new
American military commitment.
○ predicted that because US had no clear objectives, it would eventually
tire from the war
● Protracted war also meant more losses
22. Protests in US
● As the war continued, more people were drafted, and more deaths ensued
● Protests occurred mainly on college campuses and in major cities at first,
but by 1968, protests could be seen all across the country.
● The Tet Offensive was launched by North Vietnam and the NLF,
coordinated attacks against the major Southern cities designed to force the
US into a negotiation.
○ It was effective. Many people in the US were growing war-weary.
24. Vietnamization Policy
● President Richard Nixon
● withdrawing American troops and giving South Vietnam greater
responsibility for fighting the war.
● His attempt to slow the flow of North Vietnamese soldiers and supplies
into South Vietnam
25. Unification of Vietnam
● In April 1975, South Vietnam surrendered to the North and Vietnam was
reunited.
● In July 1956, the Geneva Accords called for an election to take place to
choose the government of a reunified Vietnam