La Federación Internacional de Diabetes (IDF) lanza su 7ma Versión del Atlas sobre la Diabetes. Aquí la previa del mismo que estará disponible a partir del 1 de diciempre.
This 6th edition of the IDF Diabetes Atlas once again sets the standard for evidence on the global epidemiology of diabetes. The new estimates build on the groundwork laid by previous editions, and confirm the precipitous rise in diabetes over
the last few years. An astounding 382 million people are estimated to have diabetes, with dramatic increases seen in countries all over the world. The overwhelming burden of the disease continues to be shouldered by low- and middleincome
countries, where four out of five people with diabetes are living. Socially and economically disadvantaged people in every country carry the greatest burden of diabetes and are often the most
affected financially.
This 6th edition of the IDF Diabetes Atlas once again sets the standard for evidence on the global epidemiology of diabetes. The new estimates build on the groundwork laid by previous editions, and confirm the precipitous rise in diabetes over
the last few years. An astounding 382 million people are estimated to have diabetes, with dramatic increases seen in countries all over the world. The overwhelming burden of the disease continues to be shouldered by low- and middleincome
countries, where four out of five people with diabetes are living. Socially and economically disadvantaged people in every country carry the greatest burden of diabetes and are often the most
affected financially.
the slide is presentation of World Health Day. It has a very concise information touching various aspects of diabetes with the latest statistics. We hope this will be useful to everyone.
Support for proven, effective and affordable priority strategies in controlling the most devastating infectious diseases, including:
Bednets and treatment strategies for rolling back malaria
DOTS (Directly-Observed Treatment, Short-course) for stopping TB.
Childhood vaccinations for reducing deaths from measles and other preventable diseases.
IMCI (Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses) for addressing diarrhoeal diseases.
HIV prevention strategies such as condom prevention, sex education and STI treatment for reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS.
Non-Communicable Diseases: Malaysia in Global Public HealthFeisul Mustapha
Paper presented at a CME Session, held in conjunction with the NIH Research Week 2014, 26 November 2014 at the Institute for Health Management, Bangsar
Strengthening ncd surveillance in malaysia, asean ncd forum 2013Feisul Mustapha
Zainal Ariffin Omar and Feisul Idzwan Mustapha. Strengthening NCD Surveillance in Malaysia. 15 September 2013. Working paper presented at the ASEAN Regional Forum on NCDs. Manila, Philippines.
This presentation is a keynote address delivered by me in regional level conference of indian association of preventive and social medicine(IAPSM) in oct.2013 at goverment medical college haldwani,uttrakhand
Ghia foundation strategy document v4.dec.17.2015 (ab)Ghia Foundation
GHIA FOUNDATION WAS FOUNDED IN 2013 by a team of kind-heated Professionals.
VISION: A World where women in developing Countries live healthier , longer lives
MISSION – To reduce morbidity and mortality among women in developing Countries by strengthening Health Systems to deliver high quality, comprehensive health services.
29 November Launch of the Global Nutrition Report 2018
The 2018 Global Nutrition Report shares insights into the current state of global nutrition, highlighting the unacceptably high burden of malnutrition in the world. It identifies areas where progress has been made in recent years but argues that it is too slow and too inconsistent. It puts forward five critical steps that are needed to speed up progress to end malnutrition in all its forms and argues that, if we act now, it is not too late to achieve this goal. In fact, we have an unprecedented opportunity to do so.
the slide is presentation of World Health Day. It has a very concise information touching various aspects of diabetes with the latest statistics. We hope this will be useful to everyone.
Support for proven, effective and affordable priority strategies in controlling the most devastating infectious diseases, including:
Bednets and treatment strategies for rolling back malaria
DOTS (Directly-Observed Treatment, Short-course) for stopping TB.
Childhood vaccinations for reducing deaths from measles and other preventable diseases.
IMCI (Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses) for addressing diarrhoeal diseases.
HIV prevention strategies such as condom prevention, sex education and STI treatment for reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS.
Non-Communicable Diseases: Malaysia in Global Public HealthFeisul Mustapha
Paper presented at a CME Session, held in conjunction with the NIH Research Week 2014, 26 November 2014 at the Institute for Health Management, Bangsar
Strengthening ncd surveillance in malaysia, asean ncd forum 2013Feisul Mustapha
Zainal Ariffin Omar and Feisul Idzwan Mustapha. Strengthening NCD Surveillance in Malaysia. 15 September 2013. Working paper presented at the ASEAN Regional Forum on NCDs. Manila, Philippines.
This presentation is a keynote address delivered by me in regional level conference of indian association of preventive and social medicine(IAPSM) in oct.2013 at goverment medical college haldwani,uttrakhand
Ghia foundation strategy document v4.dec.17.2015 (ab)Ghia Foundation
GHIA FOUNDATION WAS FOUNDED IN 2013 by a team of kind-heated Professionals.
VISION: A World where women in developing Countries live healthier , longer lives
MISSION – To reduce morbidity and mortality among women in developing Countries by strengthening Health Systems to deliver high quality, comprehensive health services.
29 November Launch of the Global Nutrition Report 2018
The 2018 Global Nutrition Report shares insights into the current state of global nutrition, highlighting the unacceptably high burden of malnutrition in the world. It identifies areas where progress has been made in recent years but argues that it is too slow and too inconsistent. It puts forward five critical steps that are needed to speed up progress to end malnutrition in all its forms and argues that, if we act now, it is not too late to achieve this goal. In fact, we have an unprecedented opportunity to do so.
The B2B Marketer's Lead Generation Field GuidePascal Bourhis
To learn how to track and identify your ideal buyer, amplify your efforts across multiple channels, and work with sales to capture different types of leads.
Hi,follwoing matter and list of reference will useful for your res.pdfarasequ
Hi,
follwoing matter and list of reference will useful for your research on diabetes
Diabetes is a complex metabolic issue that is progressively influencing the world\'s
populace. Its wellbeing and monetary outcomes are significant. The WHO Global
Procedure for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases perceives diabetes
as one of its need conditions (1). The larger part of individuals with diabetes live in low-and
center salary nations, where the commonness is expanding significantly. A few thorough
trials in chose populaces have demonstrated that diabetes and its confusions can be counteracted
then again postponed. This paper diagrams the populace and clinical research that can be
directed in
low-asset settings and that can possibly diminish the weight of diabetes in low-and
center wage nations. The points incorporate needs in making an interpretation of clinical trial
comes about into
essential and auxiliary aversion, indicative criteria refinement and enhanced demonstrative
what\'s more, observing techniques, appraisal and administration of comorbidity with irresistible
maladies, reconnaissance and monetary assessment of mediations. 1. Diabetes and its worldwide
weight Diabetes mellitus is a mind boggling set of metabolic issue described by unending
hyperglycaemia and unsettling influences of sugar, fat and protein digestion system coming
about because of absconds in insulin emission, insulin activity or both (2). The long haul,
generally particular
inconveniences of diabetes mellitus are prevalently vascular and incorporate the advancement
of retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Individuals with diabetes additionally have an
altogether
expanded danger of cardiovascular, fringe blood vessel and cerebrovascular malady. The
significant sorts of
diabetes are sort 1, sort 2 and gestational diabetes, however a few different types of diabetes exist
and there seems, by all accounts, to be an expanding extent of atypical presentations of diabetes
in some low-and center pay nations (3). The analysis of diabetes is affirmed by exhibiting raised
blood/plasma glucose levels either in fasting or post-challenge states. A wide range of diabetes
include both hereditary vulnerability (albeit quite a bit of this still remains obscure) and
presentation to undesirable situations or ways of life. The recurrence of right now known
qualities connected with vulnerability to diabetes is high, however their esteem in foreseeing
future diabetes stays low (4). It is assessed that 285 million individuals have diabetes in 2010,
and around 70% of them live in
creating nations (5). The weight of diabetes is all around delineated by the way that while 3%
of an aggregate populace is dealt with for diabetes and its inconveniences, the malady devours
around 10–15% of the whole medicinal services spending plan (6). In spite of the fact that
populace based information are
rare, accessible studies demonstrate that diabetes is a vital reason for dismalness and .
Diabetes is a serious, chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose), or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces (1). Raised blood glucose, a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes, may, over time, lead to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. More than 400 million people live with diabetes.
Running head Healthy people 2020Healthy people 2020 .docxcowinhelen
Running head: Healthy people 2020
Healthy people 2020 2
Healthy people 2020
Diabetes mellitus
Introduction
This is a disease that results from the body’s inability to produce enough insulin or inability of the body to produce an appropriate response to insulin. This is the hormone regulation the way the body absorbs glucose. The improper functioning of the insulin in the body may result in elevated levels of blood glucose resulting in various abnormal metabolic activities. This finally results in complications in the body functioning. I am interested in this illness because of its prevalence currently. Across the globe, the number of individual suffering from diabetes mellitus has increased in the past ten years and that has brought this concern. Currently, in the United States, the effect is estimated at 29.1 million. The disease has been classified by the healthy people 2020 initiative group as occupying the 7nth position among the leading causes of death currently.
Morbidity and comorbidity in the United States
There are various disparities in the diabetes risk. The people from the minority population are most likely to suffer from type 2 diabetes. The minority groups, in this case, comprises 25% of the adult patient suffering from diabetes in the United States. The majority group comprises the children and adolescent with diabetes type 2. According to the healthy people initiate 2020, the African American, American Indians, and some Asian Americans are at higher risk of suffering from type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of this illness among the American Indians is 2-5 times that of the whites. Averagely, African Americans are 1.7 times as likely compared to Mexican Americans (Healthy people 2020, 2016). There are some barriers to the progress of diabetes care. The first one being the challenges arising from the design of the healthcare system and the other one being the continuous increase of diabetes cases. This results to decrease in the attention and resources available for every patient. Apart from the two, there are other comorbidities associated with diabetes. These include fracture risks, cancer risk, and prognosis, cognitive impairment, and incontinence.
Impact on health of the nation
Though manageable, diabetes is still one of the diseases posing a major health threat to the United States population and its healthcare system. This illness affects approximately 26 million people in this country with approximately 18.8 million people diagnosed and about seven million not yet diagnosed. Diabetes comes with an array of health issues. Among them being lower limb amputation, it has been determined to possibly cause blindness and kidney failure. Again, it contributes a lot to cardiovascular diseases. Research has indicated that approximately 68% of people suffering from diabetes end up dying of cardiovascular diseases. Economically, research shows that in 2012, this illness caused the United States to close to ...
Enfield Annual Public Health Report 2016-DiabetesTha Han
Enfield's 2016/17 Annual Public Health Report is on diabetes. In a reader-friendly format, the report summarises useful statistics, best available evidence, case studies and best practices in the prevention and management of diabetes. The information in the report will empower residents in preventing diabetes, or living and working well with diabetes. Nonetheless, to reverse the tide of diabetes epidemic, collective action is needed to make healthy food and physical activity an easier, more affordable and more attractive option.
Diabetes is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in different continents of the world. Many diabetes victims are found in developing countries like Sub-Saharan Africa. However, some developed nations like United States and Europe record significant records on diabetes prevalence. Studies project a dramatic increase of the infection spread in the world. Also, it provides visible results on the effects of the infection among the victims and the society at large. Studies of type 2 diabetes prevalence indicate minimal rates in rural population and moderate results in the developed regions of the same country. Such results create an alarm to the unaffected regions. The frequent observation of modestly high prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance in areas with low prevalence of diabetes indicate risk of early stage of diabetes epidemics.
Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads over time to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. The most common is type 2 diabetes, usually in adults, which occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't make enough insulin. In the past 3 decades the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has risen dramatically in countries of all income levels. Type 1 diabetes, once known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin by itself. For people living with diabetes, access to affordable treatment, including insulin, is critical to their survival. There is a globally agreed target to halt the rise in diabetes and obesity by 2025.
Ofrecemos un resumen de los elementos más importantes respecto al comportamiento de la pandemia de Diabetes a nivel mundial, para ello nos basamos en la sexta edición del atlas de Diabetes que publicó la Federación Internacional de Diabetes (IDF)
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
2. Since 2000, the IDF Diabetes Atlas has detailed
the extent of diabetes and this seventh edition
shows how it is impacting every country, every
age group and every economy across the world.
Notably, healthcare costs continue to increase
with 12% of global health expenditure
dedicated to diabetes treatment and related
complications that account for the majority of
the total expenditure. Increases in future health
expenditure will be driven by the population
growth expected in low- and middle- income
countries, as well as increasing urbanisation and
lifestyle changes.
There are some changes to be found in the
figures reported in this latest edition. In 2013,
the IDF Diabetes Atlas produced estimates of
high blood glucose in pregnancy for the first
time, estimating that 21.4 million live births were
affected. With adjustments in data calculation,
this has decreased slightly in 2015, to 20.9
million, which still accounts for a staggering one
in 7 births.
Certain sectors of the population, such as
indigenous peoples, often have higher prevalence
rates than the surrounding population. This is
particularly evident for gestational diabetes, with
some indigenous women having at least two-fold
higher rates of gestational diabetes compared to
non-indigenous women.
We also witness the worrying growth of type
1 diabetes in children. The trend toward
more children developing type 1 diabetes has
continued and now in 2015, more than half a
million children are estimated to be living with
type 1 diabetes.
These estimates and the countless others
published in the IDF Diabetes Atlas have been
produced through extensive modelling based on
raw data from sources and surveys conducted
Introduction
worldwide, and validated by a scientific
committee with experts from all over the world.
Such is the importance of the data, that a new
chapter has been created, which explains in
detail the methodology used to generate the
2015 IDF Diabetes Atlas figures. Furthermore,
uncertainty intervals have been produced that
provide a plausible range within which the true
diabetes prevalence can be expected to lie.
There may be some discrepancies between
estimates in the IDF Diabetes Atlas and other
reported national estimates. This may be due to
a difference in sampling methods or populations.
The IDF Diabetes Atlas 2015 uses age-stratified
data and a consistent methodology to estimate
the diabetes prevalence in adults aged 20-79
years, across 220 countries and territories. As
a result, other national estimates may report a
higher number of diabetes cases.
While much research has been done, further
studies are required to provide a more accurate
picture of the prevalence of diabetes. Half of
all countries and territories worldwide have no
recent nationwide studies, and their estimates
are based on extrapolations from other similar
countries. In the Africa Region, over three-
quarters of all countries and territories lack
primary data on the diabetes prevalence in
adults.
Tackling this global epidemic is a monumental
task and the International Diabetes Federation
(IDF) continues to act as an advocate for people
with diabetes by educating both individuals and
governments on the steps that can be taken
for prevention and management of the disease.
Further research will serve as a catalyst for
governments and organisations to act with
more haste and greater effectiveness to put in
place early interventions, improved screening
and timely management to reduce the impact of
diabetes on the individual and society.
11
Introduction
3. Diabetes: A global emergency
Diabetes is one of the largest global health emergencies of the 21st
century. Each year more and more people live with this condition,
which can result in life-changing complications. In addition to the
415 million adults who are estimated to currently have diabetes,
there are 318 million adults with impaired glucose tolerance, which
puts them at high risk of developing the disease in the future.
Many countries are still unaware of the social
and economic impact of diabetes. This lack of
understanding is the biggest barrier to effective
prevention strategies that could help halt the
inexorable rise of type 2 diabetes.
Despite better awareness and new developments
in treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and
prevention of type 2 diabetes, each edition of the
IDF Diabetes Atlas has shown an unrelenting
increase in the number of people with the
disease.
This 2015 edition is no exception. The seventh
edition looks at the current status of diabetes
worldwide and shows a vision of the future by
estimating what will happen in 2040 should
present growth continue.
A person with diabetes has
high blood glucose either
because they are not
producing enough
insulin, or because
the body does not
respond properly to
insulin
The three main types of diabetes
Type 1 diabetes
• Risk factors: family history
of diabetes, genetics,
infections and other
environmental influences
• Appears very suddenly and
is currently incurable
• Without insulin, a person
with type 1 diabetes will die
Type 2 diabetes
• Risk factors: excess body
weight, physical inactivity,
poor nutrition, genetics,
family history of diabetes,
past history of gestational
diabetes and older age
• Can go unnoticed and
undiagnosed for years
• Can often be managed
with dietary changes and
increasing physical activity.
In some cases medication
is required
Gestational diabetes
• Appears during pregnancy
• Can lead to serious health
risks for both the mother
and child
• Associated with an
increased risk of both
mother and child
developing type 2 diabetes
later in life
12
IDF Diabetes Atlas · 7th
edition
4. Adults who died from diabetes, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria
5.0 million
from diabetes
2015
IDF
1.5 million
from HIV/AIDS
2013
WHO Global Health
Observatory Data
Repository 2013
1.5 million
from tuberculosis
2013
WHO Global Health
Observatory Data
Repository 2013
0.6 million
from malaria
2013
WHO Global Health
Observatory Data
Repository 2013
Estimated number of people with diabetes worldwide and per region in 2015 and 2040
(20-79 years)
North America and
Caribbean
2015 44.3 million
2040 60.5 million
South and
Central America
2015 29.6 million
2040 48.8 million
Africa
2015 14.2 million
2040 34.2 million
South East
Asia
2015 78.3 million
2040 140.2 million
World
2015 415 million
2040 642 million
Europe
2015 59.8 million
2040 71.1 million
Western Pacific
2015 153.2 million
2040 214.8 million
Middle East and
North Africa
2015 35.4 million
2040 72.1 million
13
Executive summary
5. Diabetes around the world
The human cost
Diabetes and its complications are major causes
of death in most countries.
Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent form of
diabetes and has increased alongside cultural
and societal changes. In high-income countries
up to 91% of adults with the disease have type
2 diabetes1-4
. It is estimated by IDF that 193
million people with diabetes are undiagnosed
and are therefore more at risk of developing
complications.
Furthermore, one in 15 adults is estimated to
have impaired glucose tolerance, and one in
seven births is affected by gestational diabetes.
Both of these conditions are associated with an
increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in
later life.
The prevalence of diabetes
One in 11 adults has diabetes
One in 10 adults will have diabetes
2015
2040
14
IDF Diabetes Atlas · 7th
edition
6. Onein twoadults with
diabetes is undiagnosed
Diabetes by gender
2015 215.2 million
2040 328.4 million
Number of men with diabetes
2015 199.5 million
2040 313.3 million
Number of women with diabetes
Diabetes in urban and rural environments
2015 269.7 million
2040 477.9 million
Diabetes in urban areas
2015 145.1 million
2040 163.9 million
Diabetes in rural areas
15
Executive summary
7. Diabetes in children
Whilst type 1 diabetes is less common, it is still
increasing by around 3% every year, particularly
among children. Around 86,000 children develop
type 1 diabetes each year and when insulin is not
available, the life expectancy for a child with type
1 diabetes is very short. The IDF Life For A Child
programme supplies insulin to 17,000 children in
46 countries.
The financial cost
In addition to placing a large financial burden
on individuals and their families due to the
cost of insulin and other essential medicines,
diabetes also has a substantial economic impact
on countries and national health systems.
This is because of an increased use of health
services, loss of productivity and the long-
term support needed to overcome diabetes
related complications, such as kidney failure,
blindness or cardiac problems. The majority of
countries spend between 5% and 20% of their
total health expenditure on diabetes. With such
a high cost, the disease is a significant challenge
for healthcare systems and an obstacle to
sustainable economic development.
Children with diabetes
Number of children with
type 1 diabetes worldwide 542,000
Top 10 countries for number of
children with type 1 diabetes (0-14 years)
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 United States of America 84,100
India70,200
Brazil30,900
China30,500
United Kingdom 19,800
Russian Federation 18,500
Saudi Arabia 16,100
Germany15,800
Nigeria14,400
Mexico13,500
In 2015 the number of
children
with type 1 diabetes
exceeded half a
million for
the first time
Global health spending to treat diabetes
0
250
500
750
1,000
20402015
0
200
400
600
800
20402015
Billion USD Million
Spending
Increase of 19%
Cases of diabetes
Increase of 35%
16
IDF Diabetes Atlas · 7th
edition
8. Top ten countries/territories for number of
adults with diabetes
Top ten countries/territories for diabetes-
related health expenditure (R=2*)
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1China 109.6 million
India 69.2 million
United States of America 29.3 million
Brazil 14.3 million
Russian Federation 12.1 million
Mexico 11.5 million
Indonesia 10.0 million
Egypt 7.8 million
Japan 7.2 million
Bangladesh 7.1 million
United Stated of America
320 billion
320 billion
China
51 billion
90 billion
Germany
35 billion
33 billion
Japan
29 billion
28 billion
Brazil
22 billion
29 billion
France
19 billion
17 billion
Canada
17 billion
14 billion
Russian Federation
14 billion
23 billion
United Kingdom
13 billion
12 billion
Italy
12 billion
12 billion
A regional perspective
Most regions have seen a continuous increase in
diabetes. The heavily populated Western Pacific
Region has 153 million adults with diabetes;
substantially more than any other region. It is
however, the North America and Caribbean
Region which has the highest prevalence per
capita with one out of eight adults with the
disease.
Europe has the highest number of children with
type 1 diabetes; approximately 140,000, and faces
an increase of around 21,600 new cases per year.
In the South-East Asia Region, 24.2% of all live
births are affected by high blood glucose during
pregnancy. In the Middle East and North Africa
Region, two out of five adults with diabetes are
undiagnosed. In the South and Central America
Region, the number of people with diabetes will
increase by 65% by 2040.
It is particularly challenging to estimate the total
number of people with diabetes in the Africa
Region, as more than three quarters of countries
lack nationwide data, the highest of any IDF
region. Thus, the regional estimate is produced
by using the data from the 12 countries that
had data to estimate the number of people with
diabetes in the other 37 countries without data.
In the sixth edition, the choice of which country
to use for extrapolation was primarily based
on similarities in World Bank income levels. In
this seventh edition, countries for extrapolation
were chosen on the basis of similar ethnicity,
language, geography and World Bank income
levels. In 2015, it is estimated that between 9.5
million and 29.3 million people live with diabetes
in the Africa Region. Of these, three quarters are
estimated to be undiagnosed, the highest of any
IDF region.
For the first time, intervals have been produced
to quantify the uncertainty around diabetes
prevalence estimates. The uncertainty interval
around the global estimate of adults with
diabetes was estimated to range from 7.2% to
11.4% [339-536 million].
* See Glossary2015 USD 2015 International Dollars
17
Executive summary
10. Halting the rise in diabetes
Greater education is needed to improve the
diagnosis and management of all types of
diabetes and to embed lifestyle changes that
will slow the rise in type 2 diabetes. While
educational programmes can help improve the
management of people with diabetes, public
health education is needed at the population level
to encourage behaviour change to prevent type 2
diabetes.
Early diagnosis can prevent or delay the long-
term health complications of people who are
undiagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Progress
has been made in introducing screening
programmes, and diabetes risk scores have now
been tested in 32 countries around the world.
IDF’s call for action
IDF’s mission is to promote diabetes care,
prevention and a cure worldwide and it
takes a leading role in influencing policy,
increasing public awareness and encouraging
improvements in health.
Notably in 2015, the United Nations Member
States adopted the Sustainable Development
Goals which included targets on non-
communicable diseases. The previous
Millennium Development Goals had omitted
diabetes and other non-communicable diseases
which presented an obstacle to establishing
resources and political focus to tackle diabetes.
During the 2015 G7 Summit, IDF launched a
call to action for all G7 nations to develop and
implement cost-effective policies to improve the
health outcomes for people with diabetes and to
prevent new cases.
In 2015, IDF published its Framework for Action
on Sugar, which recognises the important role
that excess sugar consumption has in increasing
the risk of type 2 diabetes, and presents a
series of policy initiatives aimed at reducing
consumption of sugar and increasing production
and availability of more healthy foods.
As part of IDF’s work with The European
Connected Health Alliance to create a global
network of Diabetes Aware Cities, IDF piloted
the Diabetes Prevention Score in 2015. This
will enable cities globally to assess how their
urban environments can be improved to support
prevention of type 2 diabetes in communities.
By continuing to increase awareness of diabetes
and promote care and prevention, IDF hopes
that today’s estimates for 2040 will be purely
hypothetical.
United Nations Sustainable Development Goal:
By 2030, reduce premature
mortalityfrom non-communicable
diseases by one third
19
Executive summary