Verbal communication involves the exchange of information through spoken or written words, while non-verbal communication conveys messages without words through facial expressions, gestures, and body language. Some key types of verbal communication are public speaking, small group discussions, and interpersonal conversations, while non-verbal communication includes visual cues like proximity, eye contact, appearance, and touch. Both verbal and non-verbal forms of communication are important to effectively get a message across, but non-verbal communication can be more complex to interpret.