Vegetable garden A Presentation ByMr. Allah dad KhanVisiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar allahdad52@gmail.com

2. Vegetables gardening
A Presentation By
Mr. Allah dad Khan
Visiting Professor the University of
Agriculture Peshawar
allahdad52@gmail.com

3. Vegetable Gardening

4. Why grow vegetables?
• Taste
• Saves money
• Health
– Can be chemical-free
– Exercise
• Attracts wildlife

5. Planning a garden
• Location
– Water supply
– Full sun
– Well drained loam,
pH 6-6.5
– Away from trees
– Away from slopes

6. Planning a garden
• Size
– Start small (25’ x 25’ or less)
– Most seed packs plant a 15’ row

7. Garden layout
• Rows oriented east to
west
• Taller & trellised
plants on north side
• Shorter plants
towards south side
• Plant perennials
together

9. Block (bed) gardening

12. Vegetable garden design
• Rows
• Beds
• Mixed beds (flowers/vegetables)
• Containers
– Window boxes

13. Planning a vegetable
garden
• What uses?
– Fresh, canning, freezing (p. 500)
• Climate assessment
– Dates of avg. spring & fall killing frosts
• Frost free period = # days from last spring
frost to first fall frost (ranges from 60-250
days)

14. Planning a vegetable
garden
• Vegetable characteristics
– Days to maturity
– Warm season vs. cool season
• Warm season – restricted to frost free
period
• Cool season – can tolerate light frost
– Start indoors & transplant for Spring crop
– Plant as seed for late fall crop

15. Planning a vegetable
garden
• Vegetable characteristics
– Harvested crop and light requirements
• Fruit > 8 hours
• Root > 6 hours
• Leaf > 4 hours
– Harvested crop and nutrient
requirements
• Leaf crops – high N
• Root crops – High K, lower N

16. Planning a vegetable garden
• Intercropping
• Succession planting (double
cropping)
• Relay planting
• Crop rotation
• Companion planting
• Row to row distance

17. Relay planting
• Planting at intervals for continuous,
extended harvest
– Beans, sweet corn, lettuce
– Sow when previous crop has emerged
(germinated)

18. Crop rotation

19. Companion planting
• Some plants do better next
to certain types of plants
– Some plants have insect
repellant properties
– Some plants attract
beneficial insects
– Example: corn/squash
canopy disorients squash
vine borer

21. Companion planting for
pest control

22. Beneficial
insects

23. Poor plant combinations
• Plant antagonism – some plants
secrete growth-suppressing
chemicals
– Beans do not follow onions well
– Tomato/potato do not follow Brassicas
well

24. Plant spacing
• Can determine final size of plants
• Equal access to water, nutrients, light
• Canopy can suppress weeds

25. Planting a vegetable
garden
• Seed
– Viability & storage
– Direct vs. indirect sowing
– Prepared seed types
• Seed tapes, primed, pelleted,
treated
– Pre-germinating seed (p.
493)
– Thinning

26. Growing vegetables from
indirect seeding
• Warm for germination
– Seedlings in good light, lower temp.
• Hardening off
• Transplanting at proper depth

27. Vegetable garden
cultivation
• Watering
• Fertilizing
• Weed control
• Mulching
• Pests

28. Garden watering
• Heavy & occasionally
– Germinating seeds, seedlings,
transplants – frequent & light
• Critical watering periods
• Water in evening
• Soaker, drip irrigation

29. Garden fertilizing
• Vegetable plants vary in N-P-K needs
• Annual application of compost (5-
11lbs./sq. yd.) or manure (12lb./sq. yd.)
• Green manure crops (legumes, rye)
overwinter or intercropped
• Granular N-fertilizers applied in Spring
(one month before planting)

30. Weed control
• Hand weeding
• Hoe weeding
• Mulch
– Plastic, organic, newspaper
• Proper plant spacing

31. Vegetable garden pests (p. 498)
• Animals
– Birds, rabbits, deer, voles, insects
• Insects
– Sucking insects, chewing insects
– Moths/caterpillars; beetles/grubs
• Microorganisms
– Bacteria, fungi, viruses
• Virginia Tech – Insect pests of vegetables

33. Training plants
• Optimize use of
space
• Lessen contact of
fruit with soil

34. Training plants

35. Cages