This document discusses the differences between vector and raster graphics, as well as common graphic file formats. Vector graphics use individual objects like lines and shapes, result in smaller file sizes, and allow unlimited resizing without quality loss. Raster graphics use pixels to represent images and are better for photos but result in larger file sizes. Common vector formats include SVG, AI, CDR, and DWG, while common raster formats include TIFF, BMP, JPG, PNG, with JPG being most common due to significant file size reductions from lossy compression.

1. ITC s.r.o.
Přemysl Morgan Vacek
VECTORS VS RASTERS AND GRAPHIC FORMATS
(REVIEW OF IT BASICS)

2. VECTORS VS RASTERS
 Vector graphic
 consists of individual objects, which are
rectangle, ellipse, line, curve, outline, fill, and text
 the result is a file that compared with raster
graphics is much smaller (in terms of data
volume).
 possibility of unlimited modifications (including
resizing) without loss of quality
 not suitable for describing complex patterns -
such as photos.

3. VECTORS VS RASTERS
 Raster (or bitmap) graphics
 made up of small dots called pixels, each pixel
stores information about color
 can be found mainly in photos
 can display grid using complex models (photo)
 conversion between raster formats is easy
 disadvantage is the large amount of data and
information loss in various adjustments (zoom,
rotate, etc.)

4. VECTORS VS RASTERS
Example showing effect of
vector graphics versus
raster graphics. The original
vector-based illustration is
at the left.
Vectors use special file
formats:
.svg, .ai, .cdr, .dwg
And special application is
often needed to open such
file.

5. RASTER GRAPHIC FORMATS
 provide rules under which the image is saved
in the file.
 To save the disk space, an automatic data
compression is applied on each image file
(its size is in MB).
 Therefore, we divide graphic formats
depending on the type of compression (see
next slide)

6. RASTER GRAPHIC FORMATS
 Lossless compression - the files retain
information identical to the original. This
prevents the loss of image quality. These are
the most comon file types:
.tif, .tiff, .bmp, .psd
 Compression with loss – it discards some
information and image quality is affected. The
advantage is a significant reduction in file size.
These are mainly the following file types:
.jpg, .jpeg, .gif, .png

7. RASTER GRAPHIC FORMATS
 Currently, the most common compressed
graphic format is JPG / JPEG - used
primarily for routine work, the Internet, and
presentations.
 The most commonly used format in a
lossless compression is TIF / TIFF - is used
primarily for storing high quality photos in
high resolution

8. RASTER GRAPHICS FORMAT
 Comparison of tiff and jpeg photos:

9. USING PRINT SCREEN KEY
 PrintScreen (or PrtScr) is a
function key used to capture
the actual content of the
screen (e.g. content of error
messages, documentation,
procedures, etc.) into windows
clipboard.
 Use the Print Screen key create the
screenshot to the Windows clipboard, and
then you are able to paste (CTRL + V) it into
any program - for example, IrfanView, MS
Word.