The document discusses using Varnish to cache and load balance web application requests across multiple backend servers. It describes 4 steps: 1) activating caching on a single backend server, 2) introducing a new backend server for certain requests, 3) connecting the applications using Edge Side Includes, and 4) load balancing between two backend servers using a round-robin director. Varnish is configured using VCL files to define backends, directors, caching, and request routing rules.