Rajasthan is a state located in northwest India along the border of Pakistan. It is characterized by the Thar Desert and is home to cultural and historical sites like Dilwara Temples and Keoladeo National Park. Jaipur is the capital city, known as the Pink City due to the dominant color of its buildings. Rajasthani cuisine emphasizes milk products to reduce water usage in the desert climate. Folk dances like Ghoomar and music are an important part of Rajasthani culture. Traditional dresses include dhoti, turbans, and colorful ghaghara skirts and cholis for women.
The document summarizes several important cultural festivals celebrated in India. It discusses Diwali (Festival of Lights), Ganesh Chaturthi (honoring the elephant-headed god Ganesha), Holi (Festival of Colors), Navaratri/Dussehra/Durga Puja (honoring goddesses Lakshmi, Durga and Saraswathi), Onam (harvest festival of Kerala), Krishna Janmashtami (birth of Lord Krishna), Mahashivratri (Night of Shiva honoring Lord Shiva), and Rakshabandhan (celebrating brother-sister bonds). The festivals reflect India's religious diversity and role of celebrations in bringing
This document discusses the culture, folklore, and traditions of Rajasthan, India. It covers the various dialects, cuisines, ballads, myths, folktales, legends, musical instruments, dances, dramas, tribes, festivals, deities, art, and efforts to preserve the folklore. The culture is deeply influenced by the state's history, geography, and people. Efforts are being made by various institutes to protect and promote Rajasthan's rich cultural heritage.
Gujarat was a center of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization with many important archaeological sites. It has historically been home to many ethnic and language groups. Its economy is based around agriculture, including cotton and groundnuts, as well as industry such as oil refining and ship breaking. Major cities include Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, and Rajkot. Gujarati culture is known for its vegetarian cuisine and festivals like Navratri. The state has significant educational and research institutions.
General Characteristics Of Culture, LANGUAGES & LITERATURE, Practicing Different Rituals, Myriad Forms Of Dance and Music, AGRICULTURE, Suggested Readings
Indian culture is one of the oldest and most diverse in the world. It has survived and adapted to modern times while maintaining traditions. There are many distinct regional cultures across India due to its vast size and geographical diversity. Some common threads that unite Indians are pressing hands together in greeting and love for cultural traditions, despite millions of people speaking over 100 languages. Major festivals celebrate important events in Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism and mark changing seasons. Traditional clothing and textiles also vary significantly by region.
Rajasthan is a state located in northwest India along the border of Pakistan. It is characterized by the Thar Desert and is home to cultural and historical sites like Dilwara Temples and Keoladeo National Park. Jaipur is the capital city, known as the Pink City due to the dominant color of its buildings. Rajasthani cuisine emphasizes milk products to reduce water usage in the desert climate. Folk dances like Ghoomar and music are an important part of Rajasthani culture. Traditional dresses include dhoti, turbans, and colorful ghaghara skirts and cholis for women.
The document summarizes several important cultural festivals celebrated in India. It discusses Diwali (Festival of Lights), Ganesh Chaturthi (honoring the elephant-headed god Ganesha), Holi (Festival of Colors), Navaratri/Dussehra/Durga Puja (honoring goddesses Lakshmi, Durga and Saraswathi), Onam (harvest festival of Kerala), Krishna Janmashtami (birth of Lord Krishna), Mahashivratri (Night of Shiva honoring Lord Shiva), and Rakshabandhan (celebrating brother-sister bonds). The festivals reflect India's religious diversity and role of celebrations in bringing
This document discusses the culture, folklore, and traditions of Rajasthan, India. It covers the various dialects, cuisines, ballads, myths, folktales, legends, musical instruments, dances, dramas, tribes, festivals, deities, art, and efforts to preserve the folklore. The culture is deeply influenced by the state's history, geography, and people. Efforts are being made by various institutes to protect and promote Rajasthan's rich cultural heritage.
Gujarat was a center of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization with many important archaeological sites. It has historically been home to many ethnic and language groups. Its economy is based around agriculture, including cotton and groundnuts, as well as industry such as oil refining and ship breaking. Major cities include Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, and Rajkot. Gujarati culture is known for its vegetarian cuisine and festivals like Navratri. The state has significant educational and research institutions.
General Characteristics Of Culture, LANGUAGES & LITERATURE, Practicing Different Rituals, Myriad Forms Of Dance and Music, AGRICULTURE, Suggested Readings
Indian culture is one of the oldest and most diverse in the world. It has survived and adapted to modern times while maintaining traditions. There are many distinct regional cultures across India due to its vast size and geographical diversity. Some common threads that unite Indians are pressing hands together in greeting and love for cultural traditions, despite millions of people speaking over 100 languages. Major festivals celebrate important events in Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism and mark changing seasons. Traditional clothing and textiles also vary significantly by region.
Alfonso de Albuquerque was a Portuguese general who conquered Goa for Portugal in 1510 after laying siege to the city. He had to flee two months later when confronted by the Sultan's forces, but returned and retook Goa on November 25th, establishing Portuguese control. The Portuguese brought Western architecture, education, language, medicine, printing and music to Goa, influencing the local culture and cuisine. Goa remained under Portuguese rule for over 450 years until it was liberated by India in a bloodless military operation on December 19, 1961 led by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
Rajasthan is a northern Indian state bordering Pakistan known for its palaces and forts from past kingdoms. Some top tourist destinations in Rajasthan include Jaipur, the "Pink City" home to the City Palace and Hawa Mahal, as well as Amber Fort atop a hill. With an area of 342,239 square km and population of over 74 million, Rajasthan tourism is supported through avenues like temple tourism, heritage tourism, and adventures which provide employment in the travel, events, and hospitality industries.
The document provides information about the tribes of Jharkhand, India. It discusses the main tribes including the Munda and Santhal tribes. Some key details:
- Jharkhand has a total tribal population of 70,89,068 which is 27% of the state's population. The Santhal tribe is the largest tribal community in the state.
- The tribes are classified into different types based on their livelihoods such as hunter-gatherers, those practicing shifting agriculture, artisans, and settled agriculturists.
- The Munda tribe primarily inhabits Jharkhand and speaks the Mundari language. They traditionally worship the Singbonga sun god and have occupations like
Villages in Sindh province typically consisted of hundreds to thousands of residents, mostly farmers, with houses, barns, and animal pens clustered around a central area surrounded by fields. Village life was influenced by outside market and landlord pressures, and many residents eventually moved to larger cities. Sindh province was home to one of the world's earliest civilizations and today village life provides a calm environment with green spaces and fresh water compared to busy city living.
Art intergrated ppt of Andhra Pradesh and Punjab by Syamala. This all about the art intergrated ppt or project given by Cbse for the class 9 and 10 children. You can easily change your name and use it to get ur marks. But I won't recommend u to do so . Cas I uploaded just because u get any idea of how to make it..
Jharkhand was carved out of Bihar in 2000, with Ranchi as its capital. It has 24 districts and Hindi as its official language. Statehood came after a long struggle by Adivasi communities seeking recognition outside the caste hierarchy. Some popular festivals celebrated in Jharkhand include Sarhul, Chhath Puja, and Kunda Mela. Major industries include TISCO, HECL Ranchi, and BSL Bokaro.
my presentation about Pakistan on front of international form last year 2012 my names is Shams contact 0923337996286
email shamskalati@yahoo.com
shams pandrani /FACEBOOK
Everything about the state of Odisha. Etymology, History, Language, Literature, Religion, Culture, Clothing, Architecture, Art & Craft, Music, Dance, Theatre & Cinema, Festivals, Cuisines, Biodiversity, Economy & Demographics. from a designers point of view. Includes images and videos to support the information
Punjab is a region in northern South Asia defined by five rivers. The Punjabi culture features many dances performed at celebrations, from the high-energy bhangra to the reserved jhumar and women's gidha dance. Punjabi weddings incorporate common rituals, songs, food, and dress across religions while also reflecting Punjabi culture. The Punjabi language is written in Gurmukhi in India and Shahmukhi in Pakistan, and is spoken by approximately 130 million people in the region. Traditional Punjabi dress for men includes the kurta and tehmat or kurta and pajama, while women traditionally wear the salwar suit.
Rajasthan is known for its rich culture and heritage. It has a long history and was previously known as Rajputana. Rajasthan is located in western India and shares borders with several other states. It is a popular tourist destination, known for its forts, palaces, festivals, and traditional arts and crafts. Some of the major attractions include Meherangarh Fort, Umaid Bhawan Palace, and Lake Palace in Udaipur. The state takes pride in preserving its ancient traditions through music, dance, cuisine, and attire that trace back to the Rajput clans who have historically inhabited the region.
The document provides an overview of the history and culture of the Indian state of Punjab. It discusses how Punjab gets its name from the five rivers flowing through the region. It then summarizes the state's long history of invasions and struggles for independence over the past 2000 years. Finally, it provides brief details on the demographics, economy, education system and tourism industry of modern-day Punjab.
Gujarat is the 6th largest state in India located in the western part of the country. Some key facts about Gujarat are:
- The capital is Gandhinagar and the largest river is the Sabarmati.
- It has diverse geography ranging from the Great Rann of Kutch to hills. Gujarat is also the only place to see wild Asiatic lions.
- Important figures from Gujarat's independence movement include Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and Shrimad Rajchandra.
- Major cities include Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, and Rajkot which are known for temples, industries
This document summarizes the culture and society of Pakistan. It discusses the major ethnic groups and provinces of Pakistan, including the Punjabi, Sindhi, Balochi, Pashtun, and Gilgit Baltistan cultures. For each group or region, it outlines aspects of their culture such as traditional clothing, food, languages spoken, festivals and holidays celebrated, and other cultural practices. The document aims to provide an overview of the diversity of Pakistani culture and society across its different ethnic and regional populations.
Presentation in Hindi on Bicycles: Means of Transpiration by student Sake Kruk, BA International studies, Leiden University, the Netherlands
#Hindi-Urdu
India has a population that follows several major religions, with Hinduism being practiced by the majority at 79.8% according to the 2011 census. Other religions include Islam at 14.2%, Christianity at 2.3%, Sikhism at 1.7%, Buddhism at 0.7%, and Jainism at 0.4%. The Indian subcontinent is the birthplace of four of the world's major religions - Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism - and the Indian constitution protects freedom of religion.
The state of Chhattisgarh is divided into 27 districts and has a population of over 25 million people. It has abundant natural resources and minerals. Chhattisgarh produces 15% of India's steel. The state established a tourism board in 2002 to promote socioeconomic development through tourism and has plans to increase training and jobs in the tourism industry. The state has forest cover of 45% and 32% of the population is tribal, providing opportunities for eco-ethno, adventure, and cultural tourism.
The document provides information on the history, geography, people, culture, handicrafts, festivals, and tourism of Gujarat, India. It discusses how Gujarat has seen rule by various kingdoms and empires over centuries. The key highlights are the diversity of Gujarat's culture as seen in its music, dance, handicrafts and festivals. Major religious sites that attract pilgrims from India and abroad are highlighted in the tourism section.
Uttarakhand became the 27th state of India in 2000 after being carved out of Uttar Pradesh. It has great geographical diversity including snow-clad mountains, hills, valleys, rivers and lakes. The state's economy depends heavily on tourism, with popular hill stations including Nainital, Mussoorie, and Ranikhet. Uttarakhand has a predominantly Hindu population that speaks languages like Hindi, Garhwali, and Kumauni and engages in cultural traditions around music, dance, festivals, and local deities.
Alfonso de Albuquerque was a Portuguese general who conquered Goa for Portugal in 1510 after laying siege to the city. He had to flee two months later when confronted by the Sultan's forces, but returned and retook Goa on November 25th, establishing Portuguese control. The Portuguese brought Western architecture, education, language, medicine, printing and music to Goa, influencing the local culture and cuisine. Goa remained under Portuguese rule for over 450 years until it was liberated by India in a bloodless military operation on December 19, 1961 led by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
Rajasthan is a northern Indian state bordering Pakistan known for its palaces and forts from past kingdoms. Some top tourist destinations in Rajasthan include Jaipur, the "Pink City" home to the City Palace and Hawa Mahal, as well as Amber Fort atop a hill. With an area of 342,239 square km and population of over 74 million, Rajasthan tourism is supported through avenues like temple tourism, heritage tourism, and adventures which provide employment in the travel, events, and hospitality industries.
The document provides information about the tribes of Jharkhand, India. It discusses the main tribes including the Munda and Santhal tribes. Some key details:
- Jharkhand has a total tribal population of 70,89,068 which is 27% of the state's population. The Santhal tribe is the largest tribal community in the state.
- The tribes are classified into different types based on their livelihoods such as hunter-gatherers, those practicing shifting agriculture, artisans, and settled agriculturists.
- The Munda tribe primarily inhabits Jharkhand and speaks the Mundari language. They traditionally worship the Singbonga sun god and have occupations like
Villages in Sindh province typically consisted of hundreds to thousands of residents, mostly farmers, with houses, barns, and animal pens clustered around a central area surrounded by fields. Village life was influenced by outside market and landlord pressures, and many residents eventually moved to larger cities. Sindh province was home to one of the world's earliest civilizations and today village life provides a calm environment with green spaces and fresh water compared to busy city living.
Art intergrated ppt of Andhra Pradesh and Punjab by Syamala. This all about the art intergrated ppt or project given by Cbse for the class 9 and 10 children. You can easily change your name and use it to get ur marks. But I won't recommend u to do so . Cas I uploaded just because u get any idea of how to make it..
Jharkhand was carved out of Bihar in 2000, with Ranchi as its capital. It has 24 districts and Hindi as its official language. Statehood came after a long struggle by Adivasi communities seeking recognition outside the caste hierarchy. Some popular festivals celebrated in Jharkhand include Sarhul, Chhath Puja, and Kunda Mela. Major industries include TISCO, HECL Ranchi, and BSL Bokaro.
my presentation about Pakistan on front of international form last year 2012 my names is Shams contact 0923337996286
email shamskalati@yahoo.com
shams pandrani /FACEBOOK
Everything about the state of Odisha. Etymology, History, Language, Literature, Religion, Culture, Clothing, Architecture, Art & Craft, Music, Dance, Theatre & Cinema, Festivals, Cuisines, Biodiversity, Economy & Demographics. from a designers point of view. Includes images and videos to support the information
Punjab is a region in northern South Asia defined by five rivers. The Punjabi culture features many dances performed at celebrations, from the high-energy bhangra to the reserved jhumar and women's gidha dance. Punjabi weddings incorporate common rituals, songs, food, and dress across religions while also reflecting Punjabi culture. The Punjabi language is written in Gurmukhi in India and Shahmukhi in Pakistan, and is spoken by approximately 130 million people in the region. Traditional Punjabi dress for men includes the kurta and tehmat or kurta and pajama, while women traditionally wear the salwar suit.
Rajasthan is known for its rich culture and heritage. It has a long history and was previously known as Rajputana. Rajasthan is located in western India and shares borders with several other states. It is a popular tourist destination, known for its forts, palaces, festivals, and traditional arts and crafts. Some of the major attractions include Meherangarh Fort, Umaid Bhawan Palace, and Lake Palace in Udaipur. The state takes pride in preserving its ancient traditions through music, dance, cuisine, and attire that trace back to the Rajput clans who have historically inhabited the region.
The document provides an overview of the history and culture of the Indian state of Punjab. It discusses how Punjab gets its name from the five rivers flowing through the region. It then summarizes the state's long history of invasions and struggles for independence over the past 2000 years. Finally, it provides brief details on the demographics, economy, education system and tourism industry of modern-day Punjab.
Gujarat is the 6th largest state in India located in the western part of the country. Some key facts about Gujarat are:
- The capital is Gandhinagar and the largest river is the Sabarmati.
- It has diverse geography ranging from the Great Rann of Kutch to hills. Gujarat is also the only place to see wild Asiatic lions.
- Important figures from Gujarat's independence movement include Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and Shrimad Rajchandra.
- Major cities include Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, and Rajkot which are known for temples, industries
This document summarizes the culture and society of Pakistan. It discusses the major ethnic groups and provinces of Pakistan, including the Punjabi, Sindhi, Balochi, Pashtun, and Gilgit Baltistan cultures. For each group or region, it outlines aspects of their culture such as traditional clothing, food, languages spoken, festivals and holidays celebrated, and other cultural practices. The document aims to provide an overview of the diversity of Pakistani culture and society across its different ethnic and regional populations.
Presentation in Hindi on Bicycles: Means of Transpiration by student Sake Kruk, BA International studies, Leiden University, the Netherlands
#Hindi-Urdu
India has a population that follows several major religions, with Hinduism being practiced by the majority at 79.8% according to the 2011 census. Other religions include Islam at 14.2%, Christianity at 2.3%, Sikhism at 1.7%, Buddhism at 0.7%, and Jainism at 0.4%. The Indian subcontinent is the birthplace of four of the world's major religions - Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism - and the Indian constitution protects freedom of religion.
The state of Chhattisgarh is divided into 27 districts and has a population of over 25 million people. It has abundant natural resources and minerals. Chhattisgarh produces 15% of India's steel. The state established a tourism board in 2002 to promote socioeconomic development through tourism and has plans to increase training and jobs in the tourism industry. The state has forest cover of 45% and 32% of the population is tribal, providing opportunities for eco-ethno, adventure, and cultural tourism.
The document provides information on the history, geography, people, culture, handicrafts, festivals, and tourism of Gujarat, India. It discusses how Gujarat has seen rule by various kingdoms and empires over centuries. The key highlights are the diversity of Gujarat's culture as seen in its music, dance, handicrafts and festivals. Major religious sites that attract pilgrims from India and abroad are highlighted in the tourism section.
Uttarakhand became the 27th state of India in 2000 after being carved out of Uttar Pradesh. It has great geographical diversity including snow-clad mountains, hills, valleys, rivers and lakes. The state's economy depends heavily on tourism, with popular hill stations including Nainital, Mussoorie, and Ranikhet. Uttarakhand has a predominantly Hindu population that speaks languages like Hindi, Garhwali, and Kumauni and engages in cultural traditions around music, dance, festivals, and local deities.
राजभाषा हिन्दी पर महान व्यक्तियों की सूक्तियां - इस संकलन में उद्धरित विचार अथवा सूक्तियां, देश विदेश के विभिन्न महान व्यक्तियों, लेखकों, समाज सेवियों, समाज के अगुवाओं, राजनीतिज्ञों, बुद्धिजीवियों व मार्गदर्शकों के विचारों से लिए गए हैं। इनका संकलन गूगल सर्च से संकलित करके किया गया है।
पोवारी भाषा बालाघाट, गोंदिया, भंडारा अना सिवनी जिला मा बस्या छत्तीस कुर का पंवार / पोवार समाज क़ी भाषा आय। पोवारी भाशा मा पोवारी साहित्यिक कार्यक्रम क़ी रचना इनका संग्रहण पोवारी साहित्य सरिता मा होसे।
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes. The pictures/Maps included in the presentation are taken/copied from the internet. The presenter is thankful to them and herewith courtesy is given to all. This presentation is only for academic purposes.
Rajasthan Main Paryatan Vikas Ke Sarkari Prayas Evam UplabdhiyanNayi goonj
Rajasthan government has initiated various efforts for tourism development in the state. These include the Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation (RTDC), Tourism Ministry, Tourism Development Policy, and Tourist Accommodations, among others. These efforts aim to promote tourism in Rajasthan, which is known for its rich history, culture, natural beauty, and diversity.
2. उत्तराखंड
• सूची
• स्थान औि इसकी िाजधानी
• बोली जाने वाली िाषाएँ औि बोली
• जनजाभतयाँ एवां समुदाय
• समािोह
• स्थानीय व्यांजन
3. उत्तिाखांड ( स्थान औि इसकी
िाजधानी )
उत्तिाखण्ड, उत्ति िाित में स्स्थत एक िाज्य है भजसका भनमााण ९ नवम्बि २००० को
कई वषों क
े आन्दोलन क
े पश्चात िाित गणिाज्य क
े सत्ताईस वें िाज्य क
े रूप में भकया
गया था। सन २००० से २००६ तक यह उत्तिाांचल क
े नाम से जाना जाता था। जनविी
२००७ में स्थानीय लोगोां की िावनाओां को ध्यान में िखते हुए िाज्य का आभधकारिक
नाम बदलकि उत्तिखण्ड कि भदया गया। िाज्य की सीमाएँ उत्ति में भतब्बत औि पूवा
में नेपाल से लगी हैं। पभश्चम में भहमाचल प्रदेश औि दभिण में उत्ति प्रदेश इसकी सीमा
से लगे िाज्य हैं। सन २००० में अपने गठन से पूवा यह उत्ति प्रदेश का एक िाग था।
पािम्परिक भहन्दू ग्रन्ोां औि प्राचीन साभहत्य में इस िेत्र का उल्लेख उत्तिाखण्ड क
े रूप
में भकया गया है। भहन्दी औि सांस्क
ृ त में उत्तिखण्ड का अथा उत्तिी िेत्र या िाग होता
है। िाज्य में भहन्दू धमा की पभवत्रतम औि िाित की सबसे बडी नभदयोां गांगा औि यमुना
क
े उद्गम स्थल क्रमशः गांगोत्री औि यमुनोत्री तथा इनक
े तटोां पि बसे वैभदक सांस्क
ृ भत क
े
कई महत्त्वपूणा तीथास्थान हैं। देहिादू न, उत्तिखण्ड की अन्तरिम िाजधानी होने क
े साथ
इस िाज्य का सबसे बडा नगि है। गैिसैण नामक एक छोटे से कस्बे को इसकी
िौगोभलक स्स्थभत को देखते हुए िभवष्य की िाजधानी क
े रूप में प्रस्तावाभवत भकया गया
है भकन्तु भववादोां औि सांसाधनोां क
े अिाव क
े चलते अिी िी देहिादू न अस्थाई
िाजधानी बना हुआ है।
4. उत्तिाखांड की ( िाजधानी )
• देहिादू न, िाित क
े उत्तिाखांड िाज्य की िाजधानी है इसका मुख्यालय
देहिादू न नगि में है। इस भजले में ६ तहसीलें, ६ सामुदाभयक भवकास खांड,
१७ शहि औि ७६४ आबाद गाँव हैं। इसक
े अभतरिक्त यहाँ १८ गाँव ऐसे िी
हैं जहाँ कोई नहीांिहता।[देश की िाजधानी से २३० भकलोमीटि दू ि स्स्थत
इस नगि का गौिवशाली पौिाभणक इभतहास है। प्राक
ृ भतक सौांदया से ििपूि
यह नगि अनेक प्रभसद्ध भशिा सांस्थानोां क
े कािण िी जाना जाता है। यहाँ
तेल एवां प्राक
ृ भतक गैस आयोग, सवे ऑफ इांभडया, िाितीय पेटर ोभलयम
सांस्थान आभद जैसे कई िाष्ट्र ीय सांस्थान स्स्थत हैं। देहिादू न में वन अनुसांधान
सांस्थान, िाितीय िाष्ट्र ीय भमभलटिी कालेज औि इांभडयन भमभलटिी एक
े डमी
जैसे कई भशिण सांस्थान हैं । यह एक प्रभसद्ध पयाटन स्थल है। अपनी सुांदि
दृश्यवाली क
े कािण देहिादू न पयाटकोां, तीथायाभत्रयोां औि भवभिन्न िेत्र क
े
उत्साही व्यस्क्तयोां को अपनी ओि आकभषात किता है। भवभशष्ट् बासमती
चावल, चाय औि लीची क
े बाग इसकी प्रभसस्द्ध को औि बढाते हैं तथा शहि
को सुांदिता प्रदान किते हैं।
5. उत्तिाखांड में( बोली जाने वाली िाषाएँ )
• उत्तिाखण्ड की िाषाएँ पहाडी िाषाओां की श्रेणी में आती हैं।
उत्तिाखण्ड में बोली जाने वाली िाषाओां को दो प्रमुख समूहोां में
भविाभजत भकया जा सकता है: क
ु माऊ
ँ नी औि गढवाली जो क्रमशः
िाज्य क
ु माऊ
ँ औि गढवाल मण्डलोां में बोली जातीांहैं। इन दोनोां
िाषाओां में सांस्क
ृ त क
े अनेक शब्ोां की उपलब्धता से इन्हे सांस्क
ृ त
से भवकभसत समझा जाता है। जौनसािी औि िोभटया दो अन्य
बोभलयाँ, जनजाभत समुदायोां द्वािा क्रमशः पभश्चम औि उत्ति में बोली
जाती हैं।
• गढवाली औि क
ु माऊ
ां नी िाषा भहांदी िाषा ही है गढवाली
क
ु माऊनी यह िाष्ट्र ीय िाषा नहीांहै एक बोली है जल्दी से उत्पन्न हुई
है औि पूिे उत्तिाखांड में ज्यादाति इसका इस्तावेमाल भकया जाता
है।
• लेभकन िाज्य की सबसे प्रमुख िाषा भहन्दी है। यह िाज्य की
आभधकारिक औि कामकाज की िाषा होने क
े साथ-साथ
अन्तिसमूहोां क
े मध्य सांवाद की िाषा िी है।
• िाज्य की दू सिी प्रमुख िाजिाषा सांस्क
ृ त है। उत्तिाखांड में सांस्क
ृ त
को भद्वतीय िाजिाषा का दजाा प्राप्त है।
6. उत्तिाखांड ( जनजाभतयाँ एवां समुदाय )
• उत्तिाखण्ड में भनवासित् िोभटया, थारू,
जौनसािी,बुक्शा एां व िाजी को वषा 1967 में
अनुसूभचत जनजाभत घोभषत भकया गया था।
उक्त पाॅच जनजाभतयोां मे बुक्सा एवां िाजी
जनजाभत आभथाक, शैभिक एवां सामाभजक
रूप से अन्य जनजाभतयोां की अपेिा काफी
भनधान एवां भपछडी होने क
े कािण उन्हें
आभदम जनजाभत समूह की श्रेणी में िखा
गया है।
7. उत्तिाखांड मैं मनाये जाने वाले ( समािोह )
• गढवाल – क
ु माऊ
ँ की सांस्क
ृ भत यहाँ क
े मेलोां में
समाभहत है। िांगीले क
ु माऊ
ँ क
े मेलोां में ही यहाँ का
साांस्क
ृ भतक स्वरुप भनखिता है। धमा, सांस्क
ृ भत औि
कला क
े व्यापक सामांजस्य क
े कािण इस अांचल में
मनाये जाने वाले उत्सवोां का स्वरुप बेहद कलात्मक
होता है। छोटे-बडे सिी पवों, आयोजनोां औि मेलोां पि
भशल्प की भकसी न भकसी भवद्या का दशान अवश्य होता
है। क
ु माऊ
ँ नी िाषा में मेलोां को कौभतक कहा जाता है।
क
ु छ मेले देवताओां क
े सम्मान में आयोभजत होते हैं तो
क
ु छ व्यापारिक दृभष्ट् से अपना महत्त्व िखते हुए िी
धाभमाक पि को पुष्ट् अवश्य किते हैं। पूिे अांचल में
स्थान-स्थान पि पचास से अभधक मेले आयोभजत होते
हैं भजनमें यहाँ का लोक जीवन, लोक नृत्य, गीत एवां
पिम्पिाओां की िागीदािी सुभनभश्चत होती है। साथ ही
यह धािणा िी पुभष्ट् होती है भक अन्य िागोां में मेलोां,
उत्सवोां का ताना बाना िले ही टू टा हो, यह अांचल तो
आम जन की िागीदािी से मनाये जा िहे मेलोां से
भनिन्ति समद्ध हो िहा है।
•
उत्तिायणी मेला उत्तिाांचल िाज्य क
े
बागेश्वि शहि में आयोभजत होता है।
तहसील व जनपद बागेश्वि क
े
अन्तगात सियू गोमती व सुष्प्प्त
िागीिथी नभदयोां क
े पावन सगांम पि
उत्तिायणी मेला बागेश्वि का िव्य
आयोजन भकया जाता है।
8. उत्तिाखांड क
े ( स्थाभनय व्यांजन )
• जब िी बात देविूभम उत्तिाखांड की आती है तो वहाँ क
े व्यांजनोां
को िी खूब पसांद भकया जाता है भफि चाहे बात झांगुिे की खीि
की हो या मांडुवे की िोटी औि भतल की चटनी की या हो बात िाांग
की चटनी की.. उत्तिाखांड का पािांपरिक खानपान गुणवत्ता औि
स्वास्थ्य की दृभष्ट् से बेहद लािका भहप वो अपनेिी माना गया है।
िाित ही नहीांभवदेशोां में िी पहाड क
े मांडुवा, झांगोिा, काले िट,
गहथ, भतल आभद अपनी माक
े ट बना िहे हैं।
• आयुवेभदक भचभकत्सक बताते हैं भक पहाडी अनाज सेहत क
े भलए
बेहद फायदेमांद हैं। मांडुवा मधुमेह की बीमािी में बेहद कािगि
है। यह शिीि में चीनी की मात्रा भनयांभत्रत कि िोग प्रभतिोधक
िमता बढाता है। झांगोिा पेट सांबधी बीमारियोां को दू ि किता है।
काले िट में प्रोटीन की प्रचुि मात्रा होती है। गहथ की दाल की
तासीि गमा होने क
े कािण यह गुदे की पथिी में बेहद फायदेमांद
है।
9. पुदुचेरी
• सूची
•स्थान औि इसकी िाजधानी
•बोली जाने वाली िाषाएँ
•जनजाभतयाँ एवां समुदाय
•समािोह
•स्थानीय व्यांजन
10. पुडुचेिी ( स्थान औि इसकी िाजधानी )
• पुदुचेिी , जो पोांडीचेिी िी कहलाता है,
िाित क
े पुदुचेिी क
ें द्र-शाभसत प्रदेश की
िाजधानी है। पहले पुदुचेिी िाित में
फ्ाांसीसी िाित कहलाने वाले फ्ाांसीसी
उपभनवेश का मुख्य शहि था औि पोांडीचेिी
कहलाता था। भसतांबि 2006 में पोांडीचेिी
का नाम आभधकारिक रूप से बदलकि
पुदुचेिी कि भदया गया भजसका स्थानीय
तभमल िाषा में अथा “नया गाँव” होता है।
यह बांगाल की खाडी पि बसा हुआ है।
11. पुडुचेिी मैं ( बोली जाने वाले िाषाए औि बोली )
• पुदुचेिी में िाषाओां की आभधकारिक स्स्थभत फ्
ें च
को आभधकारिक िाषा क
े रूप में जािी िखने क
े
भलए 1963 क
े भवधानसिा सांकल्प औि उसक
े बाद
पाांभडचेिी िाजिाषा अभधभनयम, 1965 द्वािा शाभसत
होती है , जो “क
ें द्र शाभसत प्रदेश की आभधकारिक
िाषा” शीषाक क
े तहत बताती है भक तभमल
इस्तावेमाल की जाने वाली िाषा है। क
ें द्र शाभसत
प्रदेश में सिी या भकसी िी आभधकारिक उद्देश्योां
क
े भलए, जबभक मलयालम औि तेलुगु का उपयोग
क्रमशः माहे औि यनम में भकया जा सकता है ।
अभधभनयम यह िी भनधाारित किता है भक क
ें द्र
शाभसत प्रदेश क
े भकसी िी आभधकारिक उद्देश्य क
े
भलए अांग्रेजी का उपयोग भकया जा सकता है।
• 2006 क
े दौिान िाज्यसिा सांसदीय बहस में एक
आभधकारिक उल्लेख ने पुभष्ट् की भक पुडुचेिी की
पाांच आभधकारिक िाषाएां तभमल , अांग्रेजी ,
मलयालम , तेलुगु औि फ्
ें च हैं ।
12. पुडुचेिी ( जनजाभतयाँ
एां व समुदाय )
• पुडुचेिी क
े युवा लोग 3 िेत्र में 138 अवशेष सामने आए हैं।
हालाँभक, एक उल्लेखनीय तथ्य जो हि यात्री को आकभषात किता
है वह यह है भक पुडुचेिी में चचा चचा की कोई उपस्स्थभत नहीांहै, जो
फ्
ें च िाित क
े 4 स्थानोां, पुडुचेिी, किकल, माहे औि यनम क
े साथ
भमला था। ये जनाब कम्यूभनटी भशकाि औि खेती जैसे उपकिण क
े
माध्यम से अपना जीवन यापन किते हैं।
• पुडुचेिी की जनजाभतयाँ वास्तावव में अलग-
अलग स्थानोां में भविाभजत हैं, जैसे भक इििेल, कट्टुनैक
ें स, मलाइ
क
ु वि, येिक
ु लस या क
ु रुमान। किाकल औि यनम पुडुचेिी क
े अां
तगात प्रमुख स्थान हैं जहाां ऐसी जनजाभत जनसांख्या दैभनक आबा
दी को काटने क
े भलए झुांड में आती है। हैं।
13. पुडुचेिी
(मनाय जाने
वाले समािोह )
• अंतरााष्ट्रीय योग महोत्सव जबभक सिी
त्योहािोां का अपना अपना आकषाण है, पि
अांतिााष्ट्र ीय योग महोत्सव की तुलना में कोई
औि त्योहाि नहीांहै जो पुदुचेिी की आत्मा का
प्रभतभनभधत्व कि सक
े । पुदुचेिी सिकाि, सन्
1992 से, हि साल 4 जनविी से 7 जनविी क
े
बीच, इस वाभषाक कायाक्रम का आयोजन
किती िही है, भजसमें दुभनया िि से योग
भवशेषज्ोां का यहाां आगमन होता है।
• फ्ांसििी व्यंजन त्योहार
• पुदुचेिी में, युवाओां क
े भलए अनेक उत्सव
मनाए जाते हैं भजनमें िाग लेने हि साल यहाां
अनेक पयाटक आते हैं। इनमें फ्ाांसीसी व्यांजन
त्योहाि सबसे लोकभप्रय है। पुदुचेिी का
पयाटन भविाग, इसे अगस्ताव माह में आयोभजत
किता है। यह उत्सव, यहाां देश िि से
एकभत्रत पयाटकोां को, भवभिन्न प्रकाि क
े
फ्ाांसीसी व्यांजनोां क
े स्वाद का अनुिव किने
का अवसि प्रदान किता है।
• आग पि चलने का उत्सव एक िोमाांचक औि
खतिनाक उत्सव है, आग पि चलने का उत्सव।
अक्टू बि या नवांबि क
े महीनोां में, 40 भदनोां की अवभध
क
े भलए िक्तगण, िगवा िांग क
े कपडे पहन कि
उपवास किते हैं, औि िहने में कठोि भनयमोां का
पालन किते हैं। मुख्य िात में, शुस्द्ध स्नान क
े बाद, वे
जलते हुए कोयले क
े 4 मीटि लांबे गड्ढे में, नांगे पैि
चलते हैं।
• रथ महोत्सव
• मई औि जून महीनोां क
े दौिान, वाभषाक िथ महोत्सव
का आयोजन भवभलयानूि मांभदि में भकया जाता है जब
बडी सांख्या में िक्तगण 15 मीटि लांबे िथ को
सडकोां पि खीांच कि ले जाते हैं। मान्यता यह है भक
इस िथ को खीांचने वाले िक्तोां की मनोकामना पूिी
हो जाती है। िगवान भशव, एक भशवभलांग क
े रूप में,
इस मांभदि क
े पीठासीन देवता हैं।
• मािी मागम
• तभमल िाभषयोां द्वािा माकम नित्र क
े दौिान, या माघ
महीने में मनाए जाने वाले मासी मागम वह भदन होता
है भजस भदन मांभदिोां की मूभतायोां को औपचारिक स्नान
किाने क
े भलए भकसी तालाब, नदी या समुद्र में ले
जाया जाता है। यह त्योहाि थाईलैंड, भसांगापुि औि
इांडोनेभशया में िी मनाया जाता है।
14. • भचदांबिम नाट्यांजभल उत्सव
• त्योहाि क
े मौसम क
े दौिान, पुदुचेिी का क
ें द्र शाभसत
प्रदेश, याभत्रयोां क
े भलए एक स्वगा सा बन जाता है। यहाां ऐसी
कई गभतभवभधयाां औि त्यौहाि हैं जो पूिे वषा होते िहते हैं,
इसभलए यहाां का साांस्क
ृ भतक क
ै लेंडि आमतौि पि काफी
ििा िहता है। शहि का आध्यास्त्मक झुकाव इस बात से
भनभश्चत होता है भक इन त्योहािोां की बडी सांख्या पुदुचेिी क
े
मांभदिोां में ही होती है। भमसाल क
े तौि पि, भशविाभत्र क
े
अवसि पि होने वाला वाभषाक भचदांबिम नाट्यांजभल समािोह
में देश िि क
े कलाकािोां का प्रदशान होता है। इस तिह,
िैिवी क
े माध्यम से कनााटक सांगीत को बढावा भमलता है,
जहाां सांगीत प्रेमी लोग, वाद्य औि गायन प्रदशान, नृत्य औि
सांगीत की प्रस्तावुभतयोां को िी जोड लेते है। इनमें से
अभधकाांश नृत्य औि सांगीत समािोहोां पि एक मजबूत
तभमल प्रिाव िहता है। औि आप क
ां दरूिी महोत्सव,
िगवती मांभदि महोत्सव, भवष्णुतीथाम, स्वामीकल्याणम,
मांडलम भवलाक्क
ू औि अन्य बहुत सािी गभतभवभधयोां को न
िूलें।
15. पुडुचेिी ( स्थानीय व्यांजन )
पुडुचेिी क
े दौिा किते वक्त हमें
फ्ाांस की सभ्यता भदखाई देगी. यही
एक कािण है. पुडुचेिी को Little
france of India िी कहा जाता है.
चभलए आज बताते एक पुडुचेिी क
े
प्रभसद्ध खानोां क
े बािे में भजसक
े
स्वाभदष्ट् व्यांजन भकसी का िी मन
मोह लेंगे
• कडुगु येरा
• ये एक तिह की किी है जो प्रॉन्स
क
े साथ बनाई जाती है. भजसे
टमाटि सॉस, पोटैटो, भवनेगि,
फ
े नुग्रीक, मस्टडा पेस्ट औि क्रीमी
कोकोनट भमल्क क
े साथ तैयाि
भकया जाता है. जो की लोकली
पसांद भकए जाने वाले व्यांजनोां में से
एक है.
• क्विचॅ
े
• ये सबसे ज्यादा प्रभसद्ध फ्
ें च व्यांजन है जो
पुडुचेिी में पकाया जाता है. ये भडश ओपन
बेकड टाटा है भजसमें सवॉिी एग कस्टडा का
भफभलांग होता है. भजसमें चीज़, मीट, सी फ
ू ड
औि सस्ियाां होती हैं. Quiche खाने क
े भलए
बेहतिीन मील है भजसे गमा या ठां डा दोनोां
तिीकोां से खाया जा सकता है.
• पाल पायिम
• ये काफी क्लाभसक डेजटा है. भजसे दू ध, चीनी
औि चावल क
े साथ बनाया जाता है. जो भक
काफी िीच औि क्रीमी होता है. औि इसे खास
मौकोां क
े दौिान क
े िल औि देश क
े अन्य िागोां
में तैयाि भकया जाता है.
16. • िोयाबीन डोिई
• ये िाित क
े दभिणी भहस्ोां में खाया
जाने वाला काफी प्रभसद्ध व्यांजन है.
जहाां डोसे क
े बटि में सोयाबीन का
पेस्ट भमलाया जाता है बाकी इसे बनाने
का तिीका भबलक
ु ल डोसे की तिह ही
होता है. इसमें काफी िीच प्रोटीन होते
हैं भजसे आप पुडुचेिी में खा सकते हैं.
• वेगन चॉकलेट
• पुडुचेिी में वैगन चॉकलेट को खाना
भबलक
ु ल न िूले. यहाां से क
ु छ चॉकलेट
आप अपने घि िी ले जा सकते हैं.
पुडुचेिी में खाना काफी कम तेल का
इस्तावेमाल किक
े बनाया जाता है. जो
पचाने में काफी आसान होता हैं.