The document summarizes the urbanization process that occurred in England during the Industrial Revolution from 1700-1785. It describes life in a rural village in 1700 and then has the reader play a game where they make changes to a map of the village over time in response to technological and economic changes. New transportation methods like canals led to population growth and enclosure of common lands forced people into cities and factories for work. The village gradually transforms into an industrial town as factories, housing, infrastructure and social problems increase.
The document discusses how the Industrial Revolution was a turning point in history. It overviews how goods were made before the Industrial Revolution using the putting-out system and domestic cottage industry. It then describes the development of factories during the Industrial Revolution to meet growing demand. The conditions in factories and lives of workers, including child labor, are discussed. Key technologies like steam engines that drove the Industrial Revolution by powering machinery are also summarized.
This document provides a history of the village of Belmont in 3 paragraphs:
[1] The village of Belmont was created in the early 19th century to serve the needs of the industrial revolution. It grew around cotton bleaching and printing factories. The name "Belmont" means beautiful mountain and was possibly created to attract workers.
[2] In the early 19th century, the village population grew rapidly as Thomas Rycroft's cotton factory employed many workers. However, his business failed by 1813. Other mills provided work but also struggled. By the 1850s the population was around 1,000 as more industries developed.
[3] In the late 1850s-1870s
The document summarizes key aspects of the Industrial Revolution that began in Britain in the late 1700s. It overviews factors like the development of new machinery and technologies, massive scale of production, and building of steam engines, railways, and ships. It also discusses economic and political stability in Britain, as well as the negative impacts on many workers, especially children, who faced long hours, unsafe conditions, and health issues working in the new factories and mines. The Industrial Revolution marked a major transformation in industry, technology, and society.
The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to 19th century where major technological and manufacturing changes had a profound impact on economic and social conditions. It began in the United Kingdom and later spread throughout Europe, North America, and the world. The Industrial Revolution marked a major turning point in human history, with unprecedented sustained growth in average income and population. For the first time, the living standards of ordinary people began to undergo sustained growth.
The Age Of Industrialization Class 10thNehaRohtagi1
HISTORY!
PowerPoint Presentation on the topic - 'The Age Of Industrialization'. For Class:- 10th
Created By - 'Neha Rohtagi'.
I hope that you will found this presentation useful and it will help you out for your concept understanding.
Thank You!
Please give feedbacks and suggestions to get presentations on more interesting topics.
Do not repost or copy.
The document discusses how the Industrial Revolution was a turning point in history. It overviews how goods were made before the Industrial Revolution using the putting-out system and domestic cottage industry. It then describes the development of factories during the Industrial Revolution to meet growing demand. The conditions in factories and lives of workers, including child labor, are discussed. Key technologies like steam engines that drove the Industrial Revolution by powering machinery are also summarized.
This document provides a history of the village of Belmont in 3 paragraphs:
[1] The village of Belmont was created in the early 19th century to serve the needs of the industrial revolution. It grew around cotton bleaching and printing factories. The name "Belmont" means beautiful mountain and was possibly created to attract workers.
[2] In the early 19th century, the village population grew rapidly as Thomas Rycroft's cotton factory employed many workers. However, his business failed by 1813. Other mills provided work but also struggled. By the 1850s the population was around 1,000 as more industries developed.
[3] In the late 1850s-1870s
The document summarizes key aspects of the Industrial Revolution that began in Britain in the late 1700s. It overviews factors like the development of new machinery and technologies, massive scale of production, and building of steam engines, railways, and ships. It also discusses economic and political stability in Britain, as well as the negative impacts on many workers, especially children, who faced long hours, unsafe conditions, and health issues working in the new factories and mines. The Industrial Revolution marked a major transformation in industry, technology, and society.
The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to 19th century where major technological and manufacturing changes had a profound impact on economic and social conditions. It began in the United Kingdom and later spread throughout Europe, North America, and the world. The Industrial Revolution marked a major turning point in human history, with unprecedented sustained growth in average income and population. For the first time, the living standards of ordinary people began to undergo sustained growth.
The Age Of Industrialization Class 10thNehaRohtagi1
HISTORY!
PowerPoint Presentation on the topic - 'The Age Of Industrialization'. For Class:- 10th
Created By - 'Neha Rohtagi'.
I hope that you will found this presentation useful and it will help you out for your concept understanding.
Thank You!
Please give feedbacks and suggestions to get presentations on more interesting topics.
Do not repost or copy.
The Industrial Revolution began around 1750 in Great Britain due to factors like lucrative agrarian industry, wealthy landowners, and inventors. Before then, textiles were produced in homes under the "putting-out system" but new machinery revolutionized cotton manufacturing. Factories using water power were built near streams and cities grew as people migrated for work. While jobs were available, conditions were difficult, especially for children. Britain's population and economy grew as it industrialized and became a global superpower during this transformative period.
The Industrial Revolution began around 1750 in Great Britain, transforming it from a rural agrarian society to an urban industrial one. Several factors contributed to Britain being the birthplace of the revolution, including lucrative agriculture, wealthy landowners, and inventive engineers. New spinning and weaving machines revolutionized the textile industry, and water power helped drive machinery in early factories located near streams. The Industrial Revolution brought massive social changes as many moved from countryside to cities for new jobs, though working conditions were difficult, especially for children. Britain's economic and imperial power grew dramatically due to the large increase in industrial production.
The Industrial Revolution began around 1750 in Great Britain, transforming it from a rural agrarian society to an urban industrial one. Several factors contributed to Britain being the birthplace of the revolution, including lucrative agriculture, wealthy landowners, and inventive entrepreneurs. New spinning and weaving machines revolutionized the textile industry, and water power helped drive machinery in early factories located near streams. The Industrial Revolution brought massive social changes as people moved to cities for work, often in difficult conditions, and Britain's economy and global power grew significantly.
The industrial revolution began in Britain between 1780-1850 and transformed the country's economy. Britain was well-suited for industrialization due to its stable political system, common laws, and centralized market without internal tariffs. Innovations in iron production using coke instead of charcoal and later innovations like steam power, canals, and railroads drove industrial growth. New factories employing women and children worked long hours under difficult conditions. Over time, workers protested and reforms were passed to limit child labor and working hours. The industrial revolution ultimately changed Britain from an agricultural to industrial economic power.
Higher Migration and Empire - Push factors (Lowlands)mrmarr
The document discusses various "push factors" that led many lowland Scots to emigrate in the 1800s-1900s. It describes poverty issues like unemployment, poor working conditions in factories/mines, low wages, seasonal work patterns, lack of welfare benefits, and overcrowded/unsanitary housing. Disease spread easily due to these conditions. After World War I and the 1930s Depression, unemployment increased sharply in heavy industries like shipbuilding. Emigration was a way to escape these difficult economic and living circumstances in Scotland.
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the late 18th century and transformed the world through new manufacturing processes powered by steam engines fueled by coal. This allowed for mass production of goods like cotton textiles in new factories. It led to rapid urbanization as many moved from farms to crowded cities for work. While it increased productivity and economic growth, the Industrial Revolution also brought problems like pollution, poor working conditions, including the exploitation of child labor.
Pre-industrial society was characterized by a mixed work and social life where children learned skills on family farms. Families grew their own crops for subsistence and diets were poor, consisting mainly of bread with little meat or vegetables. Healthcare was also poor, with beliefs that illness was divine and the reliance on practices like bloodletting. Mortality rates were very high, with over 50% of children dying before age 10, and epidemics regularly killed around a third of the population. Wealth was concentrated among the few, with most living in poverty. The cottage industry allowed some agricultural families to earn extra income by spinning and weaving at home. However, this system was slow and inefficient. The beginnings of industrialization in
Glamis is a small, preserved village located in Angus, Scotland that has been home to the Strathmore family since 1372. The village and surrounding Glamis Castle estate have developed over centuries, transitioning from a rural farming community to a major tourist attraction focused on the castle. Today, Glamis Castle operates as a five-star tourist site that hosts shops, restaurants, and events, while maintaining the historic character of the surrounding village.
Industrialization led to rapid urbanization in Western countries during the modern period. However, as late as the 1850s, most areas were still rural. In 1851, over three quarters of adults in Manchester, England were migrants from rural areas, demonstrating the large influx of people moving to cities for work. Bombay similarly saw huge migration into the city, as the establishment of textile mills and expansion of trade and railways attracted many workers from surrounding rural districts. This rapid migration overwhelmed Bombay's infrastructure and housing capacity, leading to overcrowded and unsanitary living conditions for much of the urban population.
Industrial revolution was a great impact throughout the world. It has now improved our technology. Without industrial revolution there wouldn't be any social media, technology, transportation, etc. It was a great time for inventions and we should be grateful for it. But there were also the bad effect of it like global warming, air pollution, water pollution, etc. So in this presentation you can find the good and the bad effects for it.
The agricultural revolution in Britain led to population growth and pushed small farmers off their land into cities to work for wages. A series of inventions like the spinning jenny and cotton gin modernized textile manufacturing and moved it from the home to the factory. Britain industrialized first due to its natural resources like coal and iron, geographical advantages, stable government and economy, and colonial empire providing raw materials. The industrial revolution brought changes like the widespread use of steam power, continuous technological innovations, rapid urbanization, rise of the middle class, and poor working conditions that led to new social movements.
The document provides an overview of the First Industrial Revolution including key developments and factors that enabled it to begin in Britain. It discusses improvements in transportation like steamships and railroads. It also examines the growth of industries like textiles and how innovations in iron and coal production fueled further industrialization. Social changes are also summarized such as rural to urban migration, changing gender roles, and the development of labor movements in response to poor working conditions.
The industrial revolution began in Britain in the 1760s and later spread to other parts of Europe and North America. Before the industrial revolution, most people in Britain lived in rural areas and worked as farmers producing their own food and goods by hand. The population growth and urbanization in Europe during the 1700-1800 period increased demand for mass-produced goods. In response, factories were built and powered by new machinery like James Watt's steam engine, and inventions like the spinning jenny revolutionized industries like textiles production. The steam engine provided factory power, while railways like the Stockton and Darlington railway built by George Stephenson further transformed transportation.
This document provides an overview of peasants and farmers in three different countries - England, the USA, and Bengal. It summarizes the key changes and events that impacted rural populations in each region as modern agriculture and integration into global markets took place. In England, the enclosure movement displaced peasants and led to agricultural improvements but also poverty and unrest. In the USA, westward expansion enabled large-scale wheat farming through new technologies but ultimately resulted in the Dust Bowl. In Bengal, the British East India Company coerced peasants into opium production to finance the tea trade with China against their will.
The social context in 18th century English LiteratureMerve Özdemir
The document discusses the social context in 18th century Britain. It saw stability after religious and political divisions were resolved. The rise of the middle class and industrialization transformed society. Agriculture and industry modernized while the population boomed, straining living conditions in cities and towns. The working class endured long hours and unhealthy environments. However, new ideas from the Enlightenment began to spread and groups like the Methodists addressed social problems. Overall, the period marked major economic and social changes in Britain.
Living conditions for the poor in 19th century industrial towns were extremely overcrowded, unsanitary, and disease-ridden. As workers flocked to new factories, landlords exploited the demand for housing by building cramped, poorly constructed homes as close together as possible. These homes often lacked basic amenities like running water, sewage, ventilation, and sometimes even windows. The poorest families lived in damp, dirty cellar or attic dwellings. Overflowing cesspools and lack of toilets led to contaminated drinking water and waste in the streets, breeding diseases like cholera, typhoid, tuberculosis, and more. Contemporary accounts described the squalid, inhumane conditions and health hazards facing the urban working class.
Work life and leisure cities in the contemporary world.pptkaran saini
The document discusses the growth and development of cities in Britain and India during the Industrial Revolution. It describes how London grew rapidly in the 18th-19th centuries as people migrated to the city for work in new industries like docks and manufacturing. This increased population led to overcrowded housing and poor living conditions. The document also examines the growth of the city of Bombay/Mumbai under British rule as a center for trade and later manufacturing. It grew due to migration for new jobs and became an important port and industrial center, though housing and living conditions remained poor for many residents.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
The Industrial Revolution began around 1750 in Great Britain due to factors like lucrative agrarian industry, wealthy landowners, and inventors. Before then, textiles were produced in homes under the "putting-out system" but new machinery revolutionized cotton manufacturing. Factories using water power were built near streams and cities grew as people migrated for work. While jobs were available, conditions were difficult, especially for children. Britain's population and economy grew as it industrialized and became a global superpower during this transformative period.
The Industrial Revolution began around 1750 in Great Britain, transforming it from a rural agrarian society to an urban industrial one. Several factors contributed to Britain being the birthplace of the revolution, including lucrative agriculture, wealthy landowners, and inventive engineers. New spinning and weaving machines revolutionized the textile industry, and water power helped drive machinery in early factories located near streams. The Industrial Revolution brought massive social changes as many moved from countryside to cities for new jobs, though working conditions were difficult, especially for children. Britain's economic and imperial power grew dramatically due to the large increase in industrial production.
The Industrial Revolution began around 1750 in Great Britain, transforming it from a rural agrarian society to an urban industrial one. Several factors contributed to Britain being the birthplace of the revolution, including lucrative agriculture, wealthy landowners, and inventive entrepreneurs. New spinning and weaving machines revolutionized the textile industry, and water power helped drive machinery in early factories located near streams. The Industrial Revolution brought massive social changes as people moved to cities for work, often in difficult conditions, and Britain's economy and global power grew significantly.
The industrial revolution began in Britain between 1780-1850 and transformed the country's economy. Britain was well-suited for industrialization due to its stable political system, common laws, and centralized market without internal tariffs. Innovations in iron production using coke instead of charcoal and later innovations like steam power, canals, and railroads drove industrial growth. New factories employing women and children worked long hours under difficult conditions. Over time, workers protested and reforms were passed to limit child labor and working hours. The industrial revolution ultimately changed Britain from an agricultural to industrial economic power.
Higher Migration and Empire - Push factors (Lowlands)mrmarr
The document discusses various "push factors" that led many lowland Scots to emigrate in the 1800s-1900s. It describes poverty issues like unemployment, poor working conditions in factories/mines, low wages, seasonal work patterns, lack of welfare benefits, and overcrowded/unsanitary housing. Disease spread easily due to these conditions. After World War I and the 1930s Depression, unemployment increased sharply in heavy industries like shipbuilding. Emigration was a way to escape these difficult economic and living circumstances in Scotland.
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the late 18th century and transformed the world through new manufacturing processes powered by steam engines fueled by coal. This allowed for mass production of goods like cotton textiles in new factories. It led to rapid urbanization as many moved from farms to crowded cities for work. While it increased productivity and economic growth, the Industrial Revolution also brought problems like pollution, poor working conditions, including the exploitation of child labor.
Pre-industrial society was characterized by a mixed work and social life where children learned skills on family farms. Families grew their own crops for subsistence and diets were poor, consisting mainly of bread with little meat or vegetables. Healthcare was also poor, with beliefs that illness was divine and the reliance on practices like bloodletting. Mortality rates were very high, with over 50% of children dying before age 10, and epidemics regularly killed around a third of the population. Wealth was concentrated among the few, with most living in poverty. The cottage industry allowed some agricultural families to earn extra income by spinning and weaving at home. However, this system was slow and inefficient. The beginnings of industrialization in
Glamis is a small, preserved village located in Angus, Scotland that has been home to the Strathmore family since 1372. The village and surrounding Glamis Castle estate have developed over centuries, transitioning from a rural farming community to a major tourist attraction focused on the castle. Today, Glamis Castle operates as a five-star tourist site that hosts shops, restaurants, and events, while maintaining the historic character of the surrounding village.
Industrialization led to rapid urbanization in Western countries during the modern period. However, as late as the 1850s, most areas were still rural. In 1851, over three quarters of adults in Manchester, England were migrants from rural areas, demonstrating the large influx of people moving to cities for work. Bombay similarly saw huge migration into the city, as the establishment of textile mills and expansion of trade and railways attracted many workers from surrounding rural districts. This rapid migration overwhelmed Bombay's infrastructure and housing capacity, leading to overcrowded and unsanitary living conditions for much of the urban population.
Industrial revolution was a great impact throughout the world. It has now improved our technology. Without industrial revolution there wouldn't be any social media, technology, transportation, etc. It was a great time for inventions and we should be grateful for it. But there were also the bad effect of it like global warming, air pollution, water pollution, etc. So in this presentation you can find the good and the bad effects for it.
The agricultural revolution in Britain led to population growth and pushed small farmers off their land into cities to work for wages. A series of inventions like the spinning jenny and cotton gin modernized textile manufacturing and moved it from the home to the factory. Britain industrialized first due to its natural resources like coal and iron, geographical advantages, stable government and economy, and colonial empire providing raw materials. The industrial revolution brought changes like the widespread use of steam power, continuous technological innovations, rapid urbanization, rise of the middle class, and poor working conditions that led to new social movements.
The document provides an overview of the First Industrial Revolution including key developments and factors that enabled it to begin in Britain. It discusses improvements in transportation like steamships and railroads. It also examines the growth of industries like textiles and how innovations in iron and coal production fueled further industrialization. Social changes are also summarized such as rural to urban migration, changing gender roles, and the development of labor movements in response to poor working conditions.
The industrial revolution began in Britain in the 1760s and later spread to other parts of Europe and North America. Before the industrial revolution, most people in Britain lived in rural areas and worked as farmers producing their own food and goods by hand. The population growth and urbanization in Europe during the 1700-1800 period increased demand for mass-produced goods. In response, factories were built and powered by new machinery like James Watt's steam engine, and inventions like the spinning jenny revolutionized industries like textiles production. The steam engine provided factory power, while railways like the Stockton and Darlington railway built by George Stephenson further transformed transportation.
This document provides an overview of peasants and farmers in three different countries - England, the USA, and Bengal. It summarizes the key changes and events that impacted rural populations in each region as modern agriculture and integration into global markets took place. In England, the enclosure movement displaced peasants and led to agricultural improvements but also poverty and unrest. In the USA, westward expansion enabled large-scale wheat farming through new technologies but ultimately resulted in the Dust Bowl. In Bengal, the British East India Company coerced peasants into opium production to finance the tea trade with China against their will.
The social context in 18th century English LiteratureMerve Özdemir
The document discusses the social context in 18th century Britain. It saw stability after religious and political divisions were resolved. The rise of the middle class and industrialization transformed society. Agriculture and industry modernized while the population boomed, straining living conditions in cities and towns. The working class endured long hours and unhealthy environments. However, new ideas from the Enlightenment began to spread and groups like the Methodists addressed social problems. Overall, the period marked major economic and social changes in Britain.
Living conditions for the poor in 19th century industrial towns were extremely overcrowded, unsanitary, and disease-ridden. As workers flocked to new factories, landlords exploited the demand for housing by building cramped, poorly constructed homes as close together as possible. These homes often lacked basic amenities like running water, sewage, ventilation, and sometimes even windows. The poorest families lived in damp, dirty cellar or attic dwellings. Overflowing cesspools and lack of toilets led to contaminated drinking water and waste in the streets, breeding diseases like cholera, typhoid, tuberculosis, and more. Contemporary accounts described the squalid, inhumane conditions and health hazards facing the urban working class.
Work life and leisure cities in the contemporary world.pptkaran saini
The document discusses the growth and development of cities in Britain and India during the Industrial Revolution. It describes how London grew rapidly in the 18th-19th centuries as people migrated to the city for work in new industries like docks and manufacturing. This increased population led to overcrowded housing and poor living conditions. The document also examines the growth of the city of Bombay/Mumbai under British rule as a center for trade and later manufacturing. It grew due to migration for new jobs and became an important port and industrial center, though housing and living conditions remained poor for many residents.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
3. INTRODUCTION
The year is 1700. The scene is a rural village in the English
countryside.
Life in the rural English village is similar to other villages throughout
Europe in the 18th century. Change comes very slowly. People move at
a much slower pace and have access to very little information about
the world outside of their village. Three out of every four Englishmen
live in small villages like this one. The average village is inhabited by
anywhere from 200 to 400 people. Generally, the tallest structure in
the village is the church (the religion of England is Anglican – ‘Church
of England’).
4. INTRODUCTION
Home life and work life is closely integrated as most work is done in
nearby fields or in the home or by an adjoining workshop. The family
is an economical unit as well as a social unit. Every member of the
family works very hard from sun-up to sun-down. Even small children
have chores.
The homes of villagers are very small with earthen floors and
inadequate lighting and ventilation. All members of the family sleep in
the same room and sometimes shared living quarters with the
livestock. Sons work with their fathers farming and tending livestock
while daughters work with their mothers cleaning, cooking, sewing and
other domestic chores.
5. INTRODUCTION
Life expectancy is slightly over 40 years of age. Most people get
married in their mid-teens and have babies by the time they are 20. It
is common for women to die during childbirth. Step-mothers and step-
fathers are common in rural villages such as this one. One baby out of
three dies before their first birthday and only one child in two lives to
see their 21st birthday.
The main occupation of England is farming. Generally, private and
public lands are not separated by fences as they are today. Every
village has a public area called the ‘commons.’ This is land which is
available to anyone for pasturing, hunting, gathering fire wood,
growing of crops, etc. Poor farmers who did not own their own land,
or rented, could make out a marginal living by depending on the
‘commons.’
6. INTRODUCTION
Villages are connected by a system of dirt roads that become almost
impassable during the wet season. As a result, transportation is often
slow and trade beyond the village is not easy. People make their own
food, clothes, furniture, tools and homes. A few items which cannot
be produced can be obtained by wandering peddlers.
Finally, for fuel, there are two sources: firewood and coal. Nearly
every English village has a coal mining operation. These mines employ
a small number of village dwellers, especially in the winter. Coal pits
from which coal is extracted belong to the owner of the property
where the coal mine is situated.
7. INTRODUCTION
Over the next 100 years, a significant revolution will completely
change life in your village. Some historians believe that this revolution
is the most fundamental change in human history.
* DIRECTIONS: Draw a river across your paper connecting east to
west; the river should be about 1 inch wide.
Draw a simple wooden bridge crossing the river.
Draw 2 roads one running north to south and crossing the river at the
bridge and one running from east to west. Neither road needs to be a
straight line.
Draw 10 houses; 1 church; 1 cemetery; 1 store; 1 pub; 1 coal mine and
at least 50 trees!
8. ROUND ONE
It is now 1745. England’s geography is unique in that no section of the
country is more than 90 miles from the sea and there are many
navigable rivers that crisscross the countryside. An enterprising young
capitalist (you) decides to invest money in the construction of a canal.
This is not a public venture but rather a private one. The profits from
your canal are astonishing! For example, one canal built in 1745; the
Oxford Canal, yielded a 300% annual return for its investors for a
period of more than 30 years. This new revolution in transportation
reduced the price of raw materials and reduced the cost of
transportation drastically. Coal could now be transported from the
mines to the towns for half the price of horse-wagon transportation.
* DIRECTIONS: Since you invested your money, thereby making a tidy
profit, build yourself 1 nice house anywhere on the map you would like
it to be.
Don’t forget to construct the canal. It must run parallel to the river.
9. ROUND TWO
It is now 1750. For a variety of different reasons (soap, diet, sanitation,
etc.) there is a population explosion in England and in your village.
The Bubonic Plague, which for centuries wiped out your village, has
been virtually eliminated due to the disposal of sewage in the canals
and then ultimately the ocean.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 5 houses (total 15).
10. ROUND THREE
It is 1760. The people of your village need a bit more food and goods to meet the
needs of the new inhabitants. Coincidentally, a number of other noteworthy events
occur around 1760. First, a number of new mechanical inventions for farming are
developed. Perhaps the greatest impact was Jethro Tull’s creation of the seed drill
and the horse drawn cultivator. Also, farmers begin to experiment with new, more
productive framing practices like crop-rotation, new fertilizers and new livestock
breeding techniques. Consequently, farm production is significantly increased. But,
there is one problem. Most farmers own one tract of land. Why should they, or how
could they, invest in expensive machines when their land is so small? What’s more,
it’s almost impossible to buy land from anyone! At the same time, pressure is placed
on Parliament to make more land available. Where is that land coming from? The
‘commons’ of course! A series of laws call the Enclosure Acts are passed by
Parliament. This means that landowners can buy pieces of common land from the
government.
* DIRECTIONS: Fence off an area 2x2 inches to be reserved as a
commons.
Add 5 houses (total 20) and 1 nice house.
11. ROUND FOUR
It is now 1773. A man named Richard Arkwright invents a new
machine that can spin and weave cloth a hundred times faster than
could be done by hand in a farm cottage. He calls his new machine the
Water Frame because its principle source of power was water. Let’s
imagine that the first water frame was built in your village (because of
the river). Since the water frame was large, a special building was
needed and thus, the first factory for producing cotton cloth was built.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 1 factory (no smoke—it is powered by water).
Remember, the cotton factory must be placed on the river bank. Canal
water is not swift enough to generate the power to the working parts
of the water frame.
Add 5 houses for workers (total 25).
12. ROUND FIVE
It is now 1774. Workers are needed to work in this new factory. Since
many people (women) cannot compete with the spinning and weaving
of cloth made in the factory, and there are large numbers of poor
families who have lost their livelihood due to the Enclosure Acts, we
have an available supply of workers. People move to your village to
find work.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 15 houses (total 40); 1 church , 1 pub, & 1
store.
You may draw 2 additional roads and 1 additional bridge.
13. ROUND SIX
The profits from the first textile factory are enormous. It should be no
surprise that Richard Arkwright becomes the first millionaire and the
“Father of the Factory.” New factories are built in your community.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 5 new factories (must be on the river bank as they
need water power).
The early owners of these factories called themselves capitalists
because they had the capital or money to purchase the raw material,
the building and the water frame, and to pay their workers a fixed
wage and make a profit.
Add 5 houses (total 45)
14. ROUND SEVEN
It is 1780. Unemployed workers from surrounding areas flood into
your community looking for work. Although wages are very low, they
look attractive to starving families. Housing is in great demand and for
the first time a new kind of housing is constructed called Tenements.
Here dozens of families reside under one roof.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 5 Tenements.
15. ROUND EIGHT
It is now 1781. More workers need to live, eat, shop, drink, worship.
We need the social support services to go along with the demand.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 1 store, 1 pub, 1 church and 1 school for those
families wealthy enough to send their children (boys) to school.
Since workers in the factories work 6 days a week, the only day of rest
is Sunday. People flock to your churches so make them convenient for
their tired feet!
16. ROUND NINE
It is now 1782. Workers work long, hard hours in the factories. The
average work day begins at 6:00 a.m. and ends at 9:00 p.m. There is
only a 30 minute break for lunch. After work, exhausted and “stressed
out” workers stop at their local pub for some relaxation. Alcohol
begins to be consumed throughout England in record amounts.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 5 more pubs.
Destroy 5 houses (total 40), add 4 tenements.
17. ROUND TEN
It is now 1783. Workers barely live a marginal existence. There is
never enough money to save and some workers go into debt. Few, if
any, could afford to send their children to school. Still, there are a few
families whose lifestyle is quite comfortable, even luxurious. Who are
they? They are the large landowning farmers and factory owners.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 2 special homes – handsome manor houses are
built and some are lavishly furnished with art. These new rich are not
part of the aristocratic class of England but they now can enjoy some
of the refinements of the aristocratic rich such as food, servants,
furniture, education, fine clothing, carriages, etc.
Add 1 factory, add 15 houses for management personages (total 55).
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
18. ROUND ELEVEN
The year is 1785. A man named James Watt invents a new machine
called the steam engine. The steam engine replaces the water frame.
First, it is far more efficient. Second, it allows factories to be built away
from the river. This source of power is more mobile. Capitalists quickly
replace their water frames with steam powered weaving and spinning
machines. The main business in England is still textile manufacturing.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 10 factories with smoke. Add smoke to all other
pre-existing factories.
Also, add 1 nicer house because people continue to get rich.
Add 5 houses (total 60) and 1 tenement.
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
19. ROUND TWELVE
The year is 1800. A man named Henry Cort has just invented the
puddling process. This process makes it possible for coal, which is,
fortunately, in abundant supply in England, to be used as the primary
fuel in the new iron industry. Consequently, your town is thrust into
the “New Age of Heavy Industry.” Larger factory districts appear
which manufacture iron at low prices and that can easily be
transported by your canal.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 1 coal mine and 1 new iron bridge to replace the
old wooden one.
Add 5 houses (total 65).
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
20. ROUND THIRTEEN
The year is 1815. Coal miners are busy mining coal. There is a great
demand for coal right now: home-heating, fuel for the steam engines
and for the production of iron. Although, in the 1700s, coal miners
were adults who worked in the winter to supplement their wages, in
the 1800s, they are typically children between the ages of 8 and 14.
The work is dangerous and unhealthy. Children become victims of
black lung, explosions and accidents. Their growth is stunted as they
spend their 14 hour day stooped over. They are malnourished and
unable to exercise or eat properly. Casualty rates go up.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 1 coal mine and 1 cemetery.
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
21. ROUND FOURTEEN
It is 1820. The existing canals and dirt roads cannot accommodate the
heavy industrial traffic. New experiments with transportation using
the power of a steam engine are tried. The most successful appears to
be a steam engine that pulls a series of wagons or cars on an iron track.
The first railroad is tested and proves to be quite effective.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 1 major railroad line connecting all your factories
to your coal mines. This is one continuous track which must connect
all factories and mines (you may build additional railroad bridges only
as needed).
Add 5 houses (total 70) for railroad builders.
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
22. ROUND FIFTEEN
It is 1827. This new “revolution” in transportation draws thousands of
people to your community. Soon there becomes a surplus of workers.
Capitalists who wish to ensure their profits decide to hire women and
children over men because can perform the same factory labor at one-
half to one-quarter the price. More and more children leave their
homes to work. Depressed, ashamed and angry about their wives and
children toiling in factories, many men turn to crime and the social life
of the pub. For the first time in England’s history, alcoholism appears
in epidemic proportions. Family life that existed for hundreds of years
in England is disrupted. Family members seldom eat together or see
each other.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 1 jail, 2 pubs and 2 tenements.
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
23. ROUND SIXTEEN
It is 1838. Let’s look at the working conditions in the factories. The
two predominant factories are textile and iron. Working conditions in
either of these factories were appalling. Many workers contacted the
deadly factory fever or white lung disease (probably a variety of lung
ailments: cancer, tuberculosis, emphysema, etc.) Other workers were
injured on the job in factory accidents. There were no protective
railings around the huge moving mechanical parts of machinery.
Children, weakened from lack of proper sleep or diet, stumbled into
machinery and were mutilated. Women with long hair that became
undone often found themselves caught in moving machinery.
Regardless, if you were unable to work, you were fired. There was no
health insurance. There was always a daily line of unemployed workers
waiting to fill vacant jobs.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 2 hospitals and 1 cemetery.
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
24. ROUND SEVENTEEN
It is 1840. There is a need for quicker transportation. Coal, iron,
finished products and raw materials must all be transported from one
area of England to another. In Ireland in the late 1830s, a devastating
potato famine drove hundreds of thousands of Irish into England. Here
was the cheapest of labor possible to build more railroads.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 1 more railroad line passing east to west through
your town.
Add 5 houses (total 75) and 1 tenement for the new railroad workers.
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
25. ROUND EIGHTEEN
It is 1842. There are some advantages to urban dwellers. City life is
very different from the country life. For the small but growing middle
classes, a whole new cultural life is available. Museums, theater,
opera, restaurants, plays and concerts are made available. Whereas,
before only the aristocrats could afford the arts, now the middle class
enjoys the fine life of culture and good living.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 1 theater and 1 museum.
Add 2 private schools for upper class students (mark these schools
with the letter ‘P’).
Add 1 nice house.
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
26. ROUND NINETEEN
It is 1845. There are no pollution controls so the air in your community
looks dark. Windows, walls even trees are covered with layers of soot
and coke. The river that once flowed through your quiet village for
hundreds of years is now unfit for drinking, bathing or laundry. A new
disease begins to take the lives of people. Malignant tumors grow in
peoples’ bodies and the term cancer is first used in the medical
profession. The average life expectancy for the poor classes is now 30
years of age. Your city is overcrowded and shrouded in factory smoke.
The noises, the loss of privacy and the loss of the family unit shatters
the peace of the old ways. Suicide rates double and then triple.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 1 cemetery, 1 jail and 1 hospital to accommodate
the victims of urban life.
* Note: from this point on trees may be removed if you need space.
27. ROUND TWENTY
It is 1850. By this year several million acres of good English land has
been enclosed and sold to private parties who own large estates.
Despite the misery this creates for England’s landless poor, the
economy benefits for the rich are obvious. These farmers purchase the
newest power-driven machinery and can easily feed the working class
of England (including the Irish). The small landowning farmer is
crushed by the enclosed commons. They cannot afford the machinery
and therefore cannot compete and grow food profitably. Thousands of
these folk leave their villages (where their ancestors had lived for
hundreds of years) and move to towns and cities looking for work to
feed their families. Some refused to leave but took jobs working for
the large landowning farmers. By the thousands, they moved to the
bleak, uninviting towns of the north and the new cotton mills.
* DIRECTIONS: Add 20 houses (total 95), 5 tenements, 2 stores, 1
church, 5 factories, 1 pub, 2 more nice houses and 1 special house.
28. * LIST FIVE PROBLEMS THAT
YOU ENCOUNTERED AS YOU
WERE DRAWING YOUR CITY…
* LIST FIVE EFFECTS THAT
URBANIZATION HAD ON
SOCIETY DURING THE
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION…