The oil and gas industry can be divided into three sectors: upstream, midstream, and downstream. The upstream sector involves exploring for and producing oil and gas from underground reservoirs. It includes activities like geological surveys, drilling exploratory wells, and operating the wells to bring the oil and gas to the surface. The midstream sector transports and stores oil and gas from upstream production to downstream refineries and includes pipelines and transportation. The downstream sector involves refining crude oil into finished products and transporting those products to retail facilities and consumers.