Solar energy is a powerful and renewable source of energy derived from the sun's radiation. This abundant and inexhaustible resource has become a focal point in the pursuit of sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional energy sources. At its core, solar energy harnesses the sun's radiant light and heat, converting it into electricity or thermal energy for various applications. Photovoltaic cells, commonly known as solar panels, are the primary technology employed to capture sunlight and generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect. These cells are composed of semiconductor materials that absorb photons, releasing electrons and creating an electric current. Additionally, solar thermal systems use mirrors or lenses to concentrate sunlight, producing heat that can be used directly or converted into electricity.