1) The document discusses the Big Bang theory of the origin and evolution of the universe from an extremely dense and hot state around 13.8 billion years ago. 2) It describes the three main models of the universe based on its overall density - a closed universe that will eventually collapse, a flat universe that will expand forever, and an open universe that will expand forever but more slowly. 3) The Milky Way galaxy and Andromeda galaxy M31 are discussed as being part of the Local Group of galaxies located within the Virgo Supercluster.

3. Universe
Universe
Universe
Big-Bang Theory
Animation
Animation 2
(Closed Universe)
(Flat Universe)
(Open Universe)
159-218 -
. . 2000) -
GALAXY)
Milky Way)

4. Universe
Universe
Galaxy)
Milky Way)

5. Universe
Big-Bang Theory)

6. Big-Bang Theor
History of the
universe

7. Animation

8. Animation 2

9. 4

10. Geb
Nut
Shu
Ra

12. 159-218
10
9-10
8
5-7
4
2-3
1

13. 2000
4

15. (GALAXY)

16. Milky Way)
Disk)
Bulge)
Halo)

17. Disk)
, –
Population I)
Bulge)
Population II)
Halo)
“ ” Global Cluster)

19. M31
Spiral galaxy)
M32(NGC 221) M110(NGC 205)

20. M31 NGC 224

21. M31 NGC 224

24. SPIRAL GALAXIES )

25. BARRED SPIRAL GALAXIES )

26. IRREGULAR GALAXIES )

27. (the
universe’s overall density)
(Closed Universe)
(Big Crunch) ( crunch

28. (Flat Universe)
(Open Universe)
(dark matter)

29. –
1.
. . . .
2. 1
. .
. .

30. –
3.
. . . .
4.
. 15,000 . 10,000 . 5,000 .
1,000
5.
. 15,000 . 10,000 . 5,000 .
1,000

31. –
6.
. . .
.
7.
. .
. .

32. –
8.
. . . .
9.
. . . .
10.
150,000 100,000 . 50,000 . 10,000

33. –
1. 2 6. 3
2. 4 7. 2
3. 1 8. 2
4. 1 9. 1
5. 1 10. 1

34. http://www.rmutphysics.com/charud/naturemystery/sci3/univer
se/universe_infinity.htm
http://www.rmutphysics.com/charud/naturemystery/sci3/univer
se/universe1.htm
www.thaigoodview.com/node/80068
www.thaigoodview.com/node/12340
http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%
B8%81%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%9E
http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%
B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%87