Unit testing is a software testing technique where individual components or modules are tested separately. It helps validate sections of code by considering stubs, mock objects, drivers, and unit testing frameworks. This allows bugs to be identified and fixed early in the software development lifecycle (SDLC). Skipping unit testing leads to higher defect fixing costs later on. There are three main types of unit testing: white box, black box, and gray box. Unit testing is typically performed by software developers and helps improve code design.

1. Unit Testing is the software testing technique where a group
of software program components or modules are tested
individually. This technique effectively helps in validating the
accuracy of a section of code by considering stubs, mock
objects, drivers, and unit testing frameworks. Since it is
practiced at the initial testing phase, this testing technique
assures to identify and fix the bugs at the early stage of SDLC
even before they become expensive for the enterprises to fix
when identified at a later stage.
Some developers may attempt to save time by performing
minimal unit testing, or when unit testing is skipped, it
obviously leads to higher defect fixing costs during system
testing, integration testing, and even beta testing when the
application is completed.
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Basically, the unit testers make use of three types of unit testing while testing each
module in the isolation that has been listed below.
White Box Testing
This testing practice is also known as transparent testing or glass box testing. In this unit testing type,
the functional behavior of the software is tested by the developers in order to validate their execution.
Black-box Testing
In this unit testing type, the unit testers are not aware of the internal functionality of the system and are
allowed for testing the structure of the function, i.e. the user interface, input, and output.
Gray Box Testing
Gray box testing is popularly known for being the combination of both black-box and white-box testing.
In this method, the tester is partially aware of the system functionality and uses this approach for
testing various test methods, for executing test suites, and to perform the risk assessment. Also, this
unit testing type is known as semi-transparent testing.
Unit testing is the first software testing phase in SDLC and it is usually taken up during the development
of the application. These unit test cases are written and executed by software developers. However, in
certain exceptional scenarios where developers take a back off to this process, this white-box testing
technique is performed by QA engineers.
UNIT TESTING
WHAT IS ITS
IMPORTANCE?
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WHAT IS UNIT TESTING?
WHY UNIT TESTING
IS IMPORTANT TO PERFORM?
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF UNIT TESTING?
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF UNIT TESTING?
WHO PERFORMS UNIT TESTING?
UNIT TESTING PROCESS INVOLVES:
Unit testing can be performed in two methods, i.e. by manual testing and automated testing.
In order to practice unit testing with the manual testing method, it is essential for the unit testers to get
a step-by-step instructional document. However, considering the efforts needed for manual testing,
automated unit testing is often preferred by most of the enterprises.
The workflow of unit testing is performed in 4 stages:
1. Creating test cases
2. Reviewing test cases
3. Baselining test cases
4. Executing test cases
HOW TO DO UNIT TESTING?
Unit testing is one of the software testing types which includes
the initial testing phase where the smallest components or the
modules of a software are tested individually. With this method
of testing, both testers and developers can isolate each
module, identify and fix the system defects at a very early
stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC). Primarily, a
unit test verifies different behavioral aspects of the system
under test and can be broadly classified into state-based and
interaction-based unit testing.
With the proper unit testing
practice, components that are
integrated after the build can
assure in achieving a quality
product
Isolates a section of code and
validates its correctness
Helps in identifying and
fixing the bugs at the early
stage of the SDLC process
Assures to reduce the cost
as bugs are resolved at the
earliest
Helps the developers to
improve the design by
allowing refactoring of the
code
Assures in simplifying the
debugging process
1 2 3White Box
Testing
Black-box
Testing
Gray Box
Testing
The code is then isolated by the developers to validate the dependencies
between the code and other units. This way of isolating the code helps in
identifying and eliminating the dependencies.
The developers write the code in the application for testing the function
and would wait for the application to get deployed for removing the test
code.
Developers significantly make use of Unit test frameworks or unit
testing tools for developing automated test cases.
While executing the test cases, the unit test frameworks help to flag and
report the failed test cases. Also, based on the failures in the test cases,
the unit test frameworks help to stop the related testing.