The document compares statistics between the Union and Confederate States during the American Civil War. It shows that the Union had a significantly larger total and free population, more soldiers, more railroad miles, dominated manufactured goods and firearm production, and exported more cotton before the war. However, by 1864, cotton exports from the Confederacy plummeted as the Union blockade took effect. The document also summarizes Lincoln and Johnson's Reconstruction plans, and opposition from Radical Republicans to Johnson's more lenient approach.

8. Comparison of Union and CSA
Union CSA
Total population 22,000,000 (71%) 9,000,000 (29%)
Free population 22,000,000 5,500,000
1860 Border state slaves 432,586 NA
1860 Southern slaves NA 3,500,000
Soldiers 2,200,000 (67%) 1,064,000 (33%)
Railroad miles 21,788 (71%) 8,838 (29%)
Manufactured items 90% 10%
Firearm production 97% 3%
Bales of cotton in 1860 Negligible 4,500,000
Bales of cotton in 1864 Negligible 300,000
Pre-war U.S. exports 30% 70%

16. Lincoln's plan
1. Amnesty to Confederates taking
loyalty oath Johnson's plan
2. 2. If 10% of voters took the 1. Confederate leaders
oath, statehood would be re- and wealthy
established Southerners would have
3. 3. Major goal: to strengthen to ask presidential
Republican Party in the South permission to take the
loyalty oath
2. 13th Amendment
(abolishing slavery)
would have to be
Opposed by some Republicans who approved by state
offered the Wade-Davis Bill 3. Viewed as too soft on
1. Military governors to rule Southern the South by Radical
states Republicans
2. Majority of citizens required to take
loyalty oath
3. Attitude: South should be treated as
conquered territory