This document is a lesson on the English grammar points "have to" and "must" from Raymond Murphy's book Grammar in Use. It is divided into multiple sections (A-D) that provide explanations and examples of when to use "have to" versus "must". Key points covered include: - "Have to" is used for obligations due to external factors, while "must" can be used for personal reasons. - However, there is little practical difference in speaking. "Have to" is generally safer to use. - The negatives, past forms, past negatives and future forms of "must" and "have to" are explained. - Section D notes that "have got to" can

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Grammar in Use
Raymond Murphy
3rd edition（参考）
Unit 30
have to and must
ACERS School
August 14, 2013

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Unit 30-A have to and must
30-‐‑‒A

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Unit 30-A have to and must
⽇日本語訳を答えましょう
I have to do my assignment.
You have to follow the rule.

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Unit 30-A have to and must
⽇日本語訳を答えましょう
I have to do my assignment.
課題をしなければならない。
You have to follow the rule.
ルールに従う必要がある。
have to 〜～しなければならない（義務）

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Unit 30-B have to and must
30-‐‑‒B

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Unit 30-B have to and must
must と have to の違いは？
I must go to the bathroom.
I must drink coke.
I have to do my homework.
I have to follow the rule in school.

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Unit 30-B have to and must
must と have to の違いは？
I must go to the bathroom.
I must drink coke.
mustは個⼈人的な理理由で使う。
I have to do my homework.
I have to follow the rule in school.
have toは外的要因によるときに使う。

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Unit 30-B have to and must
スピーキングで使うぶんには⼤大きな違いはない。
have toを使っておけば無難

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Unit 30-C have to and must
30-‐‑‒C

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Unit 30-C have to and must
否定⽂文に直して⽇日本語訳を答えましょう。
I must fix this laptop.
I have to fix this laptop.

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Unit 30-C have to and must
否定⽂文に直して⽇日本語訳を答えましょう。
I mustnʼ’t fix this laptop.
私はこのパソコンを直してはいけない（禁⽌止）
I donʼ’t have to fix this laptop.
私はこのパソコンを直す必要はない
（不不必要）

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Unit 30-C have to and must
英作してみましょう。
Bethは昨⽇日、早く起きなければなかった。
Daikiは明⽇日、本を2冊 買う必要があるでしょう。

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Unit 30-C have to and must
英作してみましょう。
Bethは昨⽇日、早く起きなければなかった。
Beth had to get up early yesterday.
Daikiは明⽇日、本を2冊 買う必要があるでしょう。
Daiki will have to buy 2 books tomorrow.

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Unit 30-D have to and must
30-‐‑‒D

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Unit 30-D have to and must
現在形についてはhave to の代わりにhave
got toを使うことができる。
I have to work overtime.
I have got to work overtime.
残業しなければなりません。

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Unit 30-D have to and must
義務の⽤用法でのまとめ
否定 過去 過去の否定 未来
must
have to

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Unit 30-D have to and must
義務の⽤用法でのまとめ
否定 過去 過去の否定 未来
must mustnʼ’t had to didn't have to will have to
have to donʼ’t have to had to didn't have to will have to

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Unit 30-D have to and must
練習
P61
30.3
30.4
30.5

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Grammar in Use
Raymond Murphy
3rd edition（参考）
Unit 30
have to and must
ACERS School
August 14, 2013