The document discusses the grammar concept of 'could (do)' and 'could have (done)' from the book 'Grammar in Use' by Raymond Murphy, focusing on their uses in expressing past possibilities and hypothetical situations. It includes examples showing how 'could' can indicate not only past actions but also suggestions and unrealized possibilities. Additionally, it addresses the negative forms and contexts in which these terms are appropriately used.

1. http://ace-up.net
Grammar in Use
Raymond Murphy
3rd edition（参考）
Unit 26
could (do) and
could have (done)
ACERS School
August 13, 2013

2. http://ace-up.net
2
Unit 26-A could (do) and
could have (done)
26-‐‑‒A

3. http://ace-up.net
3
Unit 26-A could (do) and
could have (done)
canの過去形はなんでしょうか？

4. http://ace-up.net
4
Unit 26-A could (do) and
could have (done)
canの過去形はなんでしょうか？
couldとなる時もある。
しかし

5. http://ace-up.net
5
Unit 26-A could (do) and
could have (done)
下記はいつのことでしょうか？
A: Where do you want to go on Sunday?
B: We could go to the zoo.
A: I have nothing to do.
B: You could study.

6. http://ace-up.net
6
Unit 26-A could (do) and
could have (done)
couldは過去だけを表さない。（提案）
A: Where do you want to go on Sunday?
B: We could go to the zoo.
未来を表す
A: I have nothing to do.
B: You could study.
現代を表す

7. http://ace-up.net
7
Unit 26-B could (do) and
could have (done)
26-‐‑‒B

8. http://ace-up.net
8
Unit 26-B could (do) and
could have (done)
なぜcanでなくcouldを使うのでしょうか？
I am really hungry. I could eat a horse.
I love you. I could die for you.

9. http://ace-up.net
9
Unit 26-B could (do) and
could have (done)
なぜcanでなくcouldを使うのでしょうか？
I am really hungry. I could eat a horse.
I love you. I could die for you.
現代、未来で⾮非現実的なことを表すときに使え
る。

10. http://ace-up.net
10
Unit 26-C could (do) and
could have (done)
26-‐‑‒C

11. http://ace-up.net
11
Unit 26-C could (do) and
could have (done)
couldの他の⽤用法 なぜcouldが使われている？
I could go shopping, but I am very busy.
Bill Gates and I could be friends
someday.

12. http://ace-up.net
12
Unit 26-C could (do) and
could have (done)
couldの他の⽤用法 なぜcouldが使われている？
I could go shopping, but I am very busy.
Bill Gates and I could be friends
someday.
可能性が低いことに対して使う。

13. http://ace-up.net
13
Unit 26-D could (do) and
could have (done)
26-‐‑‒D

14. http://ace-up.net
14
Unit 26-D could (do) and
could have (done)
⽇日本語に訳してみましょう。
I didnʼ’t know that she also loved me. I
could have proposed to her.
I just realized that today is a holiday. I
could have slept longer.

15. http://ace-up.net
15
Unit 26-D could (do) and
could have (done)
⽇日本語に訳してみましょう。
I didnʼ’t know that she also loved me. I
could have proposed to her.
彼⼥女女も僕を好きだなんて知らなかった。告⽩白で
きたのに。
I just realized that today is a holiday. I
could have slept longer.
今⽇日は休みだって今、気づいた。もっと⻑⾧長く眠
れたのに〜～。

16. http://ace-up.net
16
Unit 26-D could (do) and
could have (done)
could have pp（過去分詞）はどのような状
況で使う？
I didnʼ’t know that she also loved me. I
could have proposed to her.
彼⼥女女も僕を好きだなんて知らなかった。告⽩白で
きたのに。

17. http://ace-up.net
17
Unit 26-D could (do) and
could have (done)
could have pp（過去分詞）はどのような状
況で使う？
I didnʼ’t know that she also loved me. I
could have proposed to her.
彼⼥女女も僕を好きだなんて知らなかった。告⽩白で
きたのに。
↓
過去に実現可能だったが、実際には実現しな
かったことを表す。

18. http://ace-up.net
18
Unit 26-D could (do) and
could have (done)
could have ppを使い英作してみましょう。
フィリピンに来る前にもっと英語を勉強できた
のに。
昨⽇日、⾶飛⾏行行機のチケットを買えたのになあ。

19. http://ace-up.net
19
Unit 26-D could (do) and
could have (done)
could have ppを使い英作してみましょう。
フィリピンに来る前にもっと英語を勉強できた
のに。
I could have studied English more
before coming to the Philippines.
昨⽇日、⾶飛⾏行行機のチケットを買えたのになあ。
I could have bought a flight ticket
yesterday.

20. http://ace-up.net
20
Unit 26-E could (do) and
could have (done)
26-‐‑‒E

21. http://ace-up.net
21
Unit 26-E could (do) and
could have (done)
couldの否定形 意味はどうなるでしょう？
I couldnʼ’t win the game tomorrow. My
opponent is an excellent tennis player.
Beth couldnʼ’t have understood the book
because it is written in Japanese.

22. http://ace-up.net
22
Unit 26-E could (do) and
could have (done)
couldの否定形 意味はどうなるでしょう？
I couldnʼ’t win the game tomorrow. My
opponent is an excellent tennis player.
ゲームに勝てないだろう（未来で可能性低い）
Beth couldnʼ’t have understood the book
because it is written in Japanese.
理理解できたはずがない。（過去で可能性低い）

23. http://ace-up.net
23
Unit 26-E could (do) and
could have (done)
練習
P53
26.2
26.3
26.4

24. http://ace-up.net
Grammar in Use
Raymond Murphy
3rd edition（参考）
Unit 26
could (do) and
could have (done)
ACERS School
August 13, 2013