Political machines in US cities were controlled by powerful bosses and their networks of local precinct captains and ward bosses. The machines offered jobs, services, and favors to immigrant voters in exchange for their loyalty and votes, maintaining the bosses' control over local politics and government. Corruption was rampant, as bosses used graft, kickbacks, and sometimes election fraud to enrich themselves and finance their machines. Tammany Hall in New York City, led by the notorious Boss Tweed, was a prominent example of this system of political control through patronage and corruption in the late 1800s.