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            City Bosses and Political Machines
Political machines
     controlled the
 activities of political
   parties in the city.
Ward bosses, precinct
captains, and the city
    boss worked to:
  1) ensure that their
   candidates were
        elected;
2) make sure that city
government worked to
    their advantage.
Like a pyramid: local                      City Boss = Power
                                          broker (most were
precinct workers and                          democrats and
captains at the base,        City Boss             many were
                                                  immigrants
ward bosses in the                               themselves)
middle, and the city        Ward bosses

boss at the top

                        Workers and Captains
 The “Boss” (typically the
      mayor) controlled jobs,
       business licenses, and
 influenced the court system.
 Precinct captains and ward
       bosses, often 1st or 2nd
     generation immigrants,
 helped new immigrants with
           jobs, housing, and
  naturalization in exchange
                    for votes.
                                  Boss Tweed ran NYC
Residents Vote
                           for candidates supported
                             by political machines.




Machines hand out jobs,
                                                        Machines maintain
contracts, and favors to
                                                         power over city
    City Residents
                                                          governments




Run by powerful “Boss”                          Political Machines
who has influence with                          work to control city
  or over city officials                              politics
 Immigrants were the workers who ran
  the political machine.

 They offered their loyalty and votes in
  exchange for favors and solutions to
  their problems.
 Some political bosses
  were corrupt and their
  political machines
  practiced election fraud
  by using fake names and
  voting multiple times to
  ensure victory.
 Bribes were common and
  construction contracts
  often resulted in kick-
  backs. Because the police
  were hired by the boss,
  there was no close
  scrutiny.
 Graft is the illegal use of political
  influence for personal gain.
How did the bosses use graft for their own
  personal gain?
 To win elections
 To make themselves richer
 To finance the operations of the political
  machine
 A Kickback is the illegal practice of getting
  contract workers hired by the bosses to
  overcharge the city for their services. Then
  the overpayment would be split between the
  city boss and the contract-worker
How did the bosses use kickbacks for their
 own personal gain?
 The bosses would enrich themselves as well
  as the machine
 William M. Tweed, known as Boss
  Tweed, was head of Tammany
  Hall, New York City’s powerful
  Democratic political machine.
 Between 1869-1871, he led the
  Tweed Ring of corrupt politicians
  in defrauding the city.
 Convicted of 120 counts of fraud &
  extortion, he was sentenced to 12
  years in jail, but released after one.
  Rearrested, he escaped to Spain.
"Stop them damn
    pictures. I don't
      care what the
 papers write about
me. My constituents
    can't read. But,
  damn it, they can
                        William “Boss” Tweed
  see the pictures."
  ©CSCOPE 2008
                        Tammy Hall Party Boss
                                                11
New_York_City__Five_Points_Neighborhood_and_Tammany_Hall (1)
As a political cartoonist for Harper’s Weekly, Nast
attacked the Tammany Hall (Democratic) political
machine that ran New York City in the late 1800s .
Along the way, Nast created the Democratic Donkey (he
did not like the Democrats), and the Republican Elephant
symbols, the Tammany Tiger, and even Santa Claus.




                                                           13
 Republican Elephant   Democratic Donkey   Tammany Tiger
Coming up Next…



The Birth
of Unions

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Unit 1 powerpoint #6 (the gilded age political machines)

  • 1. SE: US 3A City Bosses and Political Machines
  • 2. Political machines controlled the activities of political parties in the city. Ward bosses, precinct captains, and the city boss worked to: 1) ensure that their candidates were elected; 2) make sure that city government worked to their advantage.
  • 3. Like a pyramid: local City Boss = Power broker (most were precinct workers and democrats and captains at the base, City Boss many were immigrants ward bosses in the themselves) middle, and the city Ward bosses boss at the top Workers and Captains
  • 4.  The “Boss” (typically the mayor) controlled jobs, business licenses, and influenced the court system.  Precinct captains and ward bosses, often 1st or 2nd generation immigrants, helped new immigrants with jobs, housing, and naturalization in exchange for votes. Boss Tweed ran NYC
  • 5. Residents Vote for candidates supported by political machines. Machines hand out jobs, Machines maintain contracts, and favors to power over city City Residents governments Run by powerful “Boss” Political Machines who has influence with work to control city or over city officials politics
  • 6.  Immigrants were the workers who ran the political machine.  They offered their loyalty and votes in exchange for favors and solutions to their problems.
  • 7.  Some political bosses were corrupt and their political machines practiced election fraud by using fake names and voting multiple times to ensure victory.  Bribes were common and construction contracts often resulted in kick- backs. Because the police were hired by the boss, there was no close scrutiny.
  • 8.  Graft is the illegal use of political influence for personal gain. How did the bosses use graft for their own personal gain?  To win elections  To make themselves richer  To finance the operations of the political machine
  • 9.  A Kickback is the illegal practice of getting contract workers hired by the bosses to overcharge the city for their services. Then the overpayment would be split between the city boss and the contract-worker How did the bosses use kickbacks for their own personal gain?  The bosses would enrich themselves as well as the machine
  • 10.  William M. Tweed, known as Boss Tweed, was head of Tammany Hall, New York City’s powerful Democratic political machine.  Between 1869-1871, he led the Tweed Ring of corrupt politicians in defrauding the city.  Convicted of 120 counts of fraud & extortion, he was sentenced to 12 years in jail, but released after one. Rearrested, he escaped to Spain.
  • 11. "Stop them damn pictures. I don't care what the papers write about me. My constituents can't read. But, damn it, they can William “Boss” Tweed see the pictures." ©CSCOPE 2008 Tammy Hall Party Boss 11
  • 13. As a political cartoonist for Harper’s Weekly, Nast attacked the Tammany Hall (Democratic) political machine that ran New York City in the late 1800s . Along the way, Nast created the Democratic Donkey (he did not like the Democrats), and the Republican Elephant symbols, the Tammany Tiger, and even Santa Claus. 13 Republican Elephant Democratic Donkey Tammany Tiger
  • 14.
  • 15. Coming up Next… The Birth of Unions