This document outlines the lessons in a unit on Africa that covers the colonial era through contemporary issues. It includes 15 lessons that address topics like the rise of African nationalism in response to European colonialism, various independence movements across the continent including in Ghana, Algeria, Kenya and South Africa, the system of apartheid and its eventual end in South Africa, and challenges faced by post-colonial African nations like civil wars and the colonial legacy. Each lesson poses guiding questions and highlights key figures, events and concepts to be covered.

1. Unit Six: Africa

2. Lesson 1: High Tide of Colonial
Rule in Africa

3. Guiding Questions
● How did European countries involve their colonies in Africa in global
conflicts?
● How did the Great War spark new challenges to European colonial
authority in Africa?
● How did the African colonial economy change in the early 20th century?

4. Compulsory service
Africans in WWI
Africa in WWI

5. Post War Africa

6. Cash crops

7. Mambo cult

8. Lesson 2: Rise of African
Nationalism

9. Guiding Questions
● Who were the “new elite”?
● How did they lead the fight for independence?
● How did African people build their own national identities?

10. Marcus Garvey

11. Back to Africa Movement

12. Pan-Africanism

13. Négritude movement

14. Lesson 3: Struggle for
Independence in West Africa

15. Guiding Questions
● How was Kwame Nkrumah able to unify the people of Ghana and serve as
an example for other nationalist movements?

16. Ghana

17. Kwame Nkrumah

18. Kwame Nkrumah
The Crown

19. Overthrow of Kwame Nkrumah

20. Lesson 4: Struggle for
Independence in North Africa

21. Guiding Questions
● Why was France so determined to control Algeria?
● What tactics did the FLN use to fight for and gain independence for
Algeria?

22. “The Year of Africa”

23. French Algeria

24. French Algeria

25. Front de Libération Nationale (FLN)

26. Frantz Fanon

27. Lesson 5: Struggle for
Independence in East Africa

28. Guiding Question
● What challenges did Kenya face in their struggle for independence?
● How did Kenya’s independence movement contrast to Ghana’s
independence movement?

29. Jomo Kenyatta

30. Kikuyu

31. The Kenyan Camps

32. Mau Mau

33. German and the Hehe

34. Lesson 6: Assessment

35. Lesson 7-10: Research
Assignment (Part I)

36. Lesson 11: Struggle for
Freedom in Southern Africa

37. Guiding Questions
● How was the struggle for independence and freedom different in South
Africa than in other parts of the continent?
● How and why were racial tensions magnified in South Africa?

38. Internal colonialism

39. Lesson 12: Apartheid in South
Africa

40. Guiding Questions
● Why did the National Party institute new laws enforcing apartheid?
● How did the apartheid laws maintain a racial hierarchy in South Africa?
● How did the African National Congress resist white rule and apartheid?

41. Apartheid

42. Afrikaner National Party

43. African National Congress

44. Nelson Mandela

45. Lesson 13: End of Apartheid

46. Guiding Questions
● How did the National Party and the African National Congress work
together to end apartheid?
● What changes came about with the new constitution?

47. Soweto Uprising

48. Sanctions

49. F.W. de Klerk

50. Lesson 14: Africa in the Late-
20th century

51. Guiding Questions
● What challenges have post-colonial countries in Africa faced since
independence?
● How has the colonial legacy affected the political and economic
development of African nations?

52. Decolonization

53. Organization of African Unity

54. Lesson 15: Contemporary Issues
Facing Africa

55. Guiding Questions
● What major political, economic, and socio-cultural trends have shaped
Africa today?

57. Genocide

58. Civil War

59. Angola and the post colonial era