The document discusses global inequalities between the North and South. It notes that historically, the North had more power and control over world trade, food supplies, health, literacy, and incomes compared to the South. This led to higher child mortality rates and lower life expectancy in the South due to issues like less available food, poor diets, lack of clean water and sanitation, and limited medical care. While social inequalities exist within both the North and South, the reasons for differences in life expectancy and infant mortality rates between the two areas are largely due to injustice that keeps the North rich and the South poor.