The document discusses the Fibonacci sequence and how it relates to the golden ratio. It shows the sequence of numbers 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, where each number is the sum of the previous two. It then explains that the ratio of one number to the next remains approximately 1.618, known as the golden ratio. Examples are given of how this ratio appears in nature, such as the spirals of shells and flowers.