An IP address is a unique string of numbers assigned to every internet-connected device to identify its location and allow communication between devices on the internet. There are two main types: IPv4 addresses consisting of four numbers separated by dots, and IPv6 addresses which are longer strings of numbers and letters. IP addresses allow users to access websites and share information online by identifying their devices.

1. UNDERSTANDING IP ADDRESSES
RAI MASAMUNE

2. LESSON OBJECTIVES
 1. Define what an IP address is.
 2. Understand the purpose and format of IP
addresses
 3. Identify the differences between IPv4 and IPv6
addresses

3. INTRODUCTION
 Have you ever heard the word IP Address? Anyone
familiar with it?

4. LETS DEFINE WHAT MEANS IP ADDRESSES IS?
 Our internet-connected devices have unique identifiers — Internet Protocol addresses, commonly known as
IP addresses.
 An IP address can reveal a little bit about you, namely your geolocation.
 an IP address is a string of numbers assigned to an internet-connected device. Think of it like an address on
a house. Your computer network uses the IP address to communicate with other computers, websites, and all
parts of cyberspace.
 Essentially, IP addresses are how computers on the internet recognize one another. Your internet service
provider (ISP) assigns IP addresses to your internet-connected devices, and every IP address is unique.
Considering every single internet-connected device has an IP address, billions of IP addresses exist.

5. IP ADDRESS
 Every device that can connect to the internet is a member of the World Wide Web —
computers, laptops, tablets, mobile phones, routers, etc. — and all have an IP address. Websites and
computer networks require this form of identification for you to interact with them.

6. WHY DO YOU HAVE AN IP ADDRESS?
 An IP address can be considered a digital address for your internet-connected devices, as it
reveals your geolocation to help providers deliver content that’s relevant to you.
 An example? Thanks to your IP address you’ll see local restaurants pop up when you search “sushi
restaurants.”

7. HOW CAN I FIND MY IP ADDRESS?
 You can find your IP address by running a Google search for ”What is my IP address?” Once you do
this, the internet sends your IP address to you. The internet knows your IP address because it’s assigned to
your device and is required to browse the internet.
 Your IP address changes, though, every time you connect to a different Wi-Fi network or router. Online users
won’t even know the difference and, generally, they don’t need to — much like how they don’t necessarily
need to know how to read an IP address.

8. WHAT INFORMATION DOES MY IP ADDRESS REVEAL?

9. CAN OTHERS FIND MY IP ADDRESS?

10.  Remember, IP addresses are required to enter any website and webpage on it. Every time you click
something online it’s like signing a guestbook, with your IP address acting as the signature you leave behind.
This includes social media sites, internet forums, chatrooms, and blogs you comment on. All these
platforms can view your IP address.
 Also, cybercriminals can find your IP address by hacking into your home network or placing a bug in
email HTML

11. IS IT DANGEROUS FOR PEOPLE TO KNOW MY IP ADDRESS?

12. CONTINUATION

13. TYPES OF IP ADDRESS
Types of IP Address
IP Address is of two types:
1.IPv4: Internet Protocol version 4. It consists of 4 numbers separated by the dots.
Each number can be from 0-255 in decimal numbers.But computers do not understand
decimal numbers, they instead change them to binary numbers which are only 0 and
1.Therefore, in binary, this (0-255) range can be written as (00000000 – 11111111).
Since each number N can be represented by a group of 8-digit binary digits. So, a
whole IPv4 binary address can be represented by 32-bits of binary digits. In IPv4, a
unique sequence of bits is assigned to a computer, so a total of (2^32) devices
approximately = 4,294,967,296 can be assigned with IPv4.
IPv4 can be written as:
189.123.123.90

14. 2. IPv6: But, there is a problem with the IPv4 address.
With IPv4, we can connect only the above number of 4 billion devices uniquely,
and apparently, there are much more devices in the world to be connected to the
internet.
So, gradually we are making our way to IPv6 Address which is a 128-bit IP
address.
In human-friendly form, IPv6 is written as a group of 8 hexadecimal numbers
separated with colons(:).
But in the computer-friendly form, it can be written as 128 bits of 0s and 1s.
Since, a unique sequence of binary digits is given to computers, smartphones,
and other devices to be connected to the internet.
So, via IPv6 a total of (2^128) devices can be assigned with unique addresses
which are actually more than enough for upcoming future generations.
IPv6 can be written as:
2011:0bd9:75c5:0000:0000:6b3e:0170:8394

15.  Summarize the key points of the lesson and ask students to reflect on what they have learned. Have students
discuss real-world applications of IP addresses, such as how they are used in online gaming or in the Internet
of Things. Encourage students to ask any remaining questions they may have about IP addresses.
 Assessment: To assess students' understanding of IP addresses, have them complete a short quiz or
participate in a class discussion. Ask questions such as:
• What is an IP address and why is it important?
• How are IP addresses formatted?
• What are the differences between IPv4 and IPv6 addresses?
• Can you identify whether a given IP address is IPv4 or IPv6?

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