UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a modeling language used to visually represent systems through diagrams. There are several types of UML diagrams used for different purposes, including behavioral diagrams like activity diagrams and sequence diagrams, and structural diagrams like class diagrams. An example use case diagram is provided to show how UML can model an ATM machine system with actors like customers and technicians, and use cases like checking balances and withdrawing cash. Web references are also included for more information on UML diagram types and examples.