This document discusses improvements that can be made to UI testing with Espresso. It suggests using UiDevice instead of Activity to take screenshots, as UiDevice allows screenshots to be taken directly without needing to draw to a bitmap. It also recommends using UiObject2 instead of UiObject to find UI elements, as UiObject2 is faster. Finally, it shows how to use SdkSuppress to specify the API level for tests to run on.

1. Atsuto Yamada

6.
UiDevice uiDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
UiObject2 button = uiDevice.findObject(By.res("info.akkuma.example:id/submit"));
button.click();

9. @Before
public void startApp() {
mDevice =
UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
mDevice.pressHome();
String launcherPackage = getLauncherPackageName();
mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.pkg(launcherPackage).depth(0)), TIMEOUT);
Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
final Intent intent =
context.getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(APP_PACKAGE);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
context.startActivity(intent);
mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.pkg(APP_PACKAGE).depth(0)), TIMEOUT);
}
ホームアプリへの遷移を待つ
LaunchIntentで起動する

10.
@Test
public void testLogin() {
UiObject2 emailForm = mDevice.findObject(
By.res("info.akkuma.spoonwithuiautomator:id/email"));
emailForm.setText("hoge@example.jp");
UiObject2 passwordForm = mDevice.findObject(
By.res("info.akkuma.spoonwithuiautomator:id/password"));
passwordForm.setText("dragon");
UiObject2 submitButton = mDevice.findObject(
By.res("info.akkuma.spoonwithuiautomator:id/submit"));
submitButton.click();
mDevice.wait(Until.hasObject(By.text("ホーム")), TIMEOUT);
UiObject2 loginSuccessText = mDevice.findObject(By.text("ログイン完了"));
Assert.assertNotNull(loginSuccessText);
}
R.idリソースが利用できない
Activityを特定できる文字列でActivityの遷移を待つ

14. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
package=“com.example.hoge.test”>
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="14"
android:targetSdkVersion="22"
tools:overrideLibrary="android.support.test.uiautomator.v18"/>
<application>
<uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
</application>
<instrumentation tools:replace="android:label"
android:name="android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
android:targetPackage="com.example.hoge"
android:handleProfiling="false"
android:functionalTest="false"
android:label="@string/instrumentation_label"/>
</manifest>
ライブラリ側のuses-sdkをoverride

15. @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 18)
public class MainActivityUiTest {
private static final String APP_PACKAGE =
"info.akkuma.spoonwithuiautomator";
private static final int TIMEOUT = 5000;
private UiDevice mDevice;
@Before
public void startApp() {
mDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(
InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
mDevice.pressHome();
String launcherPackage = getLauncherPackageName();
SdkSuppressでテスト毎に
動作するAPI Levelを指定できる

16. UiObject obj1 = mDevice.findObject(
new UiSelector().resourceId("com.example.hoge:id/form"));
UiObject2 obj2 = mDevice.findObject(By.res("com.example.hoge:id/form"));
無印UiObjectはつぶせ！
1.3sec
0.2sec

20. public static File screenshot(Activity activity, String tag, String testClassName,
String testMethodName) {
public static File screenshot(UiDevice uiDevice, String tag, String testClassName,
String testMethodName) {

21. private static void takeScreenshot(File file, final Activity activity) throws IOException {
View view = activity.getWindow().getDecorView();
final Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(),
ARGB_8888);
if (Looper.myLooper() == Looper.getMainLooper()) {
// On main thread already, Just Do It™.
drawDecorViewToBitmap(activity, bitmap);
} else {
// On a background thread, post to main.
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
activity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
try {
drawDecorViewToBitmap(activity, bitmap);
} finally {
latch.countDown();
}
}
});
try {
latch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
String msg = "Unable to get screenshot " + file.getAbsolutePath();
Log.e(TAG, msg, e);
throw new RuntimeException(msg, e);
}
(略）
private static void takeScreenshot(File file, UiDevice uiDevice) throws IOException {
uiDevice.takeScreenshot(file);
}
最上位のViewをBitmap出力
Fileに保存
スクリーンショットを
Fileに保存