UGC NET Solved Questions - Research methodology

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RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Select the Wrong Statement
Research is a systematic and critical investigation into a phenomenon.
Research adopts scientific method.

Research is based upon observable experience or empirical evidence.
Research follow the existing customs and behaviors of the study concerned.

“A systematic step-by-step Procedure following logical process of reasoning”
called
Experiment
Observation

Deduction
Scientific method

“Ethical Neutrality” is a feature of
Deduction
Scientific method

Observation
Experience

The word for concepts with no physical referent
Constructs
Laws

Theories
Experiments

“Reasoning from general to particular“ is called
Induction
Deduction

Research
Experiment

“Arrangement of a set of concepts to define and explain some phenomenon.”
Theory
Science

Facts
Experiment

A symbolic representation of an actual thing.
Construct
Concept

Principle
Theory

Observed patterns of phenomena or behaviors
Science
Laws

Theories
Constructs

Systematic explanations of the underlying phenomenon or behavior
Constructs
Laws
 Theories
Experiments

Which of the following is an initial mandatory requirement for pursuing research?
Developing a research design
Formulating a research question

Deciding about the data analysis procedure
Formulating a research hypothesis

The issue of ‘research ethics’ may be considered pertinent at which stage of
research?
At the stage of problem formulation and its definition
At the stage of defining the population of research
 At the stage of data collection and interpretation
At the stage of reporting the findings.

A researcher attempts to evaluate the effect of method of feeding on anxiety -
proneness of children. Which method of research would be appropriate for this?
Case study method
Experimental method
 Ex-post-facto method
Survey method

“Empirically verifiable observation” is
Fact
Theory

Value
Statement

The method by which a sample is chosen
Unit
Design

Random
Census

Research undertaken for knowledge's sake is
Pure Research
Action Research

Descriptive Research
Survey

A common test in research demands much priority on
Reliability
Useability

Objectivity
All of the above

Action research means
A longitudinal research
An applied research
 A research initiated to solve an immediate problem
A research with socioeconomic objective

In the process of conducting research ‘Formulation of Hypothesis” is followed by
Statement of Objectives
Analysis of Data
 Selection of Research Tools
Collection of Data

“Controlled Group” is a term used in
Survey research
Historical research
 Experimental research
Descriptive research

Bibliography given in a research report
Helps those interested in further research and studying the problem from another angle
Shows the vast knowledge of the researcher

Makes the report authentic
None of the above

Which comes first, theory or research?
Theory, because otherwise you are working in the dark
Research, because that’s the only way you can develop a theory
 It depends on your point of view
The question is meaningless, because you can’t have one without the other

We review the relevant literature to know:
What is already known about the topic
What concepts and theories have been applied to the topic

Who are the key contributors to the topic
All of the above

Case-study collects the data from the following sources
From individual
From Anecdotal records

From Government documents
All of the above

The characteristic of survey method is
To solve the problems at local level
To enhance the body of knowledge

To solve the present problems
All of the above

The meaning of variable is
The quality having different values
The nature of happening which influences other happenings through its presence
 Both of the above
None of the above

The meaning of Ex-Post Facto Research is
Carried out after the incident
Carried out prior to the incident

Carried out along with the happening of an incident
Carried out keeping in mind the possibilities of an incident

Which of the following steps are required to design a questionnaire ?
A. Writing primary and secondary aims of the study.
B. Review of the current literature.
C. Prepare a draft of questionnaire.
D. Revision of the draft.
A, B and C
A, C and D

B, C and D
A, B, C and D

What is a Research Design ?
A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods.

The style in which you present your research findings e.g. a graph.
A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data.

The frequency distribution of a research data which is symmetrical in shape
similar to a normal distribution but center peak is much higher, is
Skewed
Mesokurtic
 Leptokurtic
Platykurtic

Sampling error decreases with the
Decrease in sample size
Increase in sample size

Process of randomization
Process of analysis

The principles of fundamental research are used in
Action research
Applied research

Philosophical research
Historical research

Which of the following sampling methods is not based on probability?
Simple Random Sampling
Stratified Sampling

Quota Sampling
Cluster Sampling

Type of research determine the frequency with which something occurs or its
association with something else.
Exploratory Research
Experimental Research

Historical Research
Diagnostic Research

Which deals with the method of selecting items to be observed for the given
study.
Sampling design
Observational design

Statistical design
Operational design

Measuring of independent variable and measure the impact on depended variable.
Treatment
Control
 Experiment
Variable

Not a part of the principle of Experimental Research Design
Principle of Replication
Principle of Randomization

Principle of Local Control
Principle of External Control

All the elements of a population with proper identification that is available to us
for selection at any stage of sampling.
Population
Element
 Sampling Frame
Sampling Unit

Process of selecting an adequate number of elements from the population.
Census
Sampling

Element Selection
None of the Above

Sample is more representative of population characteristics.
Random Sampling
Non-Random Sampling

Judgmental Sampling
Snowball Sampling

Which of the following sampling methods is based on probability ?
Convenience sampling
Quota sampling

Judgement sampling
Stratified sampling

Sampling method perfect for a larger population
Systematic Sampling
Stratified Sampling

Cluster Sampling
Simple Random Sapling

The likelihood of the sample statistic value falling within the precision range.
Significance Level
Critical Value
 Confidence Level
Standard Error

Which one is not a response error in sampling
Researcher Error
Interviewer Error

Respondent Error
Unbiased Error This is a non-sampling error

Any assumption that the researcher makes on the probable direction of the
results that might be obtained on completion of the research process
Inference
Conclusion
 Hypothesis
Result Description

“Students from the pure mathematics background can crack a bank recruitment
test.” – Which type of hypothesis is this?
Relational Hypothesis
Descriptive Hypothesis

Two-Tailed Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis

Rejection of the Null Hypothesis (assumption) when it should not been rejected.
Type I Error
Type II Error


Z Critical Value at 0.05 level of significance
1.96
1.64

1.69
1.46

Statistical test of how well the observed data support the assumption about the
distribution of a population.
Goodness of Fit
Normality Test

Parametric Test
Non-Parametric Test

Propositions which describe the characteristics are …………. Hypothesis
Descriptive
Imaginative

Relational
Variable

………….. from theory leads to Hypothesis
Deduction
Induction
 Logical Deduction
Observation

Number of observations which we can freely estimate to get a set of expected
data that satisfies the relevant constants.
Level of Significance
Critical Value
 Degree of Freedom
Standard Error

Which one is not a parametric test
T-Test
F-Test

ANOVA
H-Test

Arrange the following steps of research in correct sequence.
1. Identification of research problem
2. Listing of research objectives
3. Collection of data
4. Methodology
5. Data analysis
6. Results and discussion
1-2-3-4-5-6
1-2-4-3-5-6

2-1-3-4-5-6
2-1-4-3-5-6

A Hypothesis contributes to the development of ………….
Theory
Generalization

Evolution
Concept

…………. Is a quality of Good Hypothesis
Small in size
Conceptual Clarity

Durability
Applicability

Relationship between variables is a
Construct
Hypothesis

Concepts
Proposition

UGC NET Solved Questions - Research methodology

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