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Microsoft SQL Server internals & architecture
The document discusses the internals and architecture of Microsoft SQL Server, highlighting key components such as the relational engine, optimizer, transaction manager, and buffer manager. It also touches on performance tuning techniques, the importance of cache management, and troubleshooting common issues within SQL Server. Additionally, it briefly mentions Hekaton, Microsoft's in-memory OLTP technology.
Microsoft SQL Server internals & architecture
- 1. SQL SERVER INTERNALS& ARCHITECTURE Kevin Kline, SQL Sentry Director of Engineering Services, kekline@sqlsentry.com Microsoft SQL Server MVP since 2003 Twitter , Facebook, LinkedIn @ KEKline Website: http://KevinEKline.com/, http://ForITPros.com
- 2. Tuning blog: http://www.sqlperformance.com/ E-mailebooks@sqlsentry.com for free copies of our e-books:
- 3. DROPPING ACID -WHY DOES SQL SERVER DO WHAT IT DOES? • ACID properties of Transactions o Atomic o Consistent o Isolated o Durable • Speed, scalability, and performance; Maximize hardware • Competitive features
- 4. OUR TOUR GUIDE Talknerdy to me, baby!
- 5. Buffer Pool Ext’ns OK, WE’RE DONE Relational Engine Optimizer Query Executor CmdParser Storage Engine Trans- action Manager Buffer Manager Access Methods Protocol Layer SNI Data File T- Log Buffer Pool - - - - - - - - - - Data Cache - - - - - - - - - Plan Cache SQL Server Network Interface TDS Language Event SQL- OS SELECT ? Query Tree Query Plan OLE DB ?
- 6. SQLOS AND SCHEDULERS •1 Cash Register = 1 Scheduler • Users are assigned to a thread Uh oh! The out of soda! No problem. Step aside… More syrup for the sodas! Goes to the waiting, i.e. “suspended queue” Yeah! I’m next in line!
- 7. Buffer Pool Ext’ns Relational Engine Optimizer Query Executor Cmd Parser StorageEngine Trans-action Manager: Log & Lock Mgr Buffer Manager Access Methods Protocol Layer SNI Data File(s) T- Log Buffer Pool - - - - - - - - - Data Cache - - - - - - - - - Plan Cache SQL Server Network Interface TDS Language Event SQL OS ? Query Tree Query Plan OLE DB Data Write ? Check Point Lazywriter Latches Locks TROUBLE- SHOOTING WAIT STATS? Async_Network_IO SOS_Scheduler_Yield Pagelatch_x, Latch_x, Resource_Semaphore LCK_x, LCK_M_x Writelog, Logbuffer PageIOLatch_x, Async_IO_Completion, IO_Completion
- 8. CACHES? • How longdoes a page of data or a block of code stay in cache? • Uses a LRU algorithm • Usually performed by the lazy- writer, but can also be done by any worker thread after scheduling its own I/O
- 9. CACHE AGING &LRU-K BEHAVIOR getord Memory finduser sp_1 sp_4 16 16 7 2233 02 7 1 564 01 14151312 What about buffer cache?
- 10. Buffer Pool Ext’ns BUT WAIT! THERE’S MORE! RelationalEngine Optimizer Query Executor Cmd Parser Storage Engine Transaction Manager: Log & Lock Mgr Buffer Manager Access Methods Protocol Layer SNI Data File T- Log Buffer Pool - - - - - - - - - Data Cache - - - - - - - - - Plan Cache SQL Server Network Interface TDS Language Event SQL- OS INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE ? Query Tree Query Plan OLE DB Data Write ? Oooh! So dirty! CheckPoint Lazywriter DD
- 11. Buffer Pool Ext’ns Relational Engine Optimizer Query Executor Cmd Parser StorageEngine Trans-action Manager: Log & Lock Mgr Buffer Manager Access Methods Protocol Layer SNI Data File(s) T- Log Buffer Pool - - - - - - - - - Data Cache - - - - - - - - - Plan Cache SQL Server Network Interface TDS Language Event SQL OS ? Query Tree Query Plan OLE DB Data Write ? Check Point Lazywriter Latches Locks HEKATON, A.K.A. IN- MEMORY OLTP bit.ly/1uLrXLN - Ovw bit.ly/1u4nODQ - WP
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