The document outlines types of descriptive research, specifically case studies and surveys, detailing their methodologies, benefits, and limitations. Case studies provide in-depth analyses of individuals or events but have drawbacks such as non-generalizability. Surveys, which can capture quantitative and qualitative data, are classified into census and sample types, and serve to engage participants relevant to the research objective.

1. TYPES OF DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
Prepared by:
ROMALISSA B. ASENTISTA

2. TYPES OF DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
1. Case Studies
2. Surveys
a. A census of Tangibles
b. A census of Intangibles
c. A sample survey of Tangibles
d. A sample survey of Intangibles

3. Case Studies
A case study is an in-depth study of
one person, group, or event. In a case study,
nearly every aspect of the subject’s life and
history as analyzed to seek patterns and
causes of behavior. Case studies can be
used in various fields, including psychology,
medicine, education, anthropology, political
science, and social work.

4. Benefits and
Limitations
A case study can have both
strengths and weaknesses.
Researchers must consider these pros
and cons before deciding if this type of
study is appropriate for their needs.

5. Pros
One of the greatest advantages of a case
study is that it allows researchers to investigate
things that are often difficult to impossible to
replicate in a lab.
Cons
 Cannot necessarily be generalized to the larger
population
 Cannot demonstrate cause and effect
 May not be scientifically rigorous
 Can lead to bias

6. SURVEYS
A descriptive Survey Research is an
approach of Descriptive Research that
blends quantitative and qualitative data to
provide you with relevant and accurate
information. A time-efficient research
method. Descriptive Survey engages the
people who are at the center of the research
objective.

7. Types of Surveys
Surveys are classified according to
their focus and scope (census and
sample surveys) or according to the
time frame for data collection
(longitudinal and cross-sectional
surveys)

8. Census
Survey that covers entire
population of interest.
Sample
Deals only with a portion of the
population.

9. Census of Tangibles
Covers small population where the
variables are concrete. The responses are
simple and accurate – there is less
contradiction in your data since the variables
you measure are well defined and clear.

10. Census of Intangibles
The variables measures are not directly
observable – problems include on how the
appropriate measurement will be determined
and how they can be made and developed.

11. A Sample Survey of
Tangibles
Example Dissertations:
A Comparative Study of the Employment status of
Nursing Graduates in Selected Regions of the Philippines:
Its Implications to Nursing Education” by Perla B. Sanchez
(1981)
“Public Elementary School Teachers-Stayers and Leavers in
the NCR: A Comparison by Corazon D. Santiago

12. A Sample Survey of Intangibles
Example Dissertations:
“Anxiety Levels, Self-Concept, and Emotional States of
Pregnant Single Women in Institution Shelters” by Daby
Friedland (1981)
“Rorshach Personality Profiles of Some Adolescent Children of
Working and Non-Working Mothers in the Manila Area
Perceived to Show Positive Parental Behavior” by Elizabeth E.
Ventura (1981)

13. End of my Report….
Thank You!!!