There are four main types of networks: local area networks (LANs) which connect devices within a small area like a home or office; personal area networks (PANs) which connect devices within a user's immediate vicinity; metropolitan area networks (MANs) which connect devices within a large city or area; and wide area networks (WANs) which connect groups of computers over large distances, often used by large businesses to connect office networks across locations. Networks provide advantages like reduced costs, shared applications and resources, and easier collaboration, but also disadvantages such as security threats, loss of privacy, and potential loss of productivity.