This document defines and describes different types of management information systems (MIS), including conceptual systems, empirical systems, open systems, closed systems, natural systems, artificial systems, probabilistic systems, deterministic systems, and several specific management information systems like accounting, financial, manufacturing, marketing, and human resources MIS.

1. TYPES OF MIS SYSTEM ARE
 Conceptual Systems
 Empirical Systems
 Open Systems
 Closed Systems
 Natural Systems
 Artificial Systems
 Probabilistic Systems
 Deterministic Systems
 Accounting management information systems
 Financial management information systems
 Manufacturing management information systems:
 Marketing management information systems
 Human resources management information systems:
 Conceptual Systems
Are theoretical and explanatory in the nature.
b. Provide the much needed clarification.
c. Provide theoretical framework for which there may or may not be any real life
counterpart.
d. E.g. of such systems can be philosophy, theology etc.
 Empirical Systems
Are very practical, specific and also very operational in the nature.
b. Can be based on the conceptual system.
c. Examination system, surgery act as very good examples of the empirical systems.
 Open Systems
Involve continuous interaction with the environment.
b. So exchanges the information, material, energy with the environment.
c. Is open and also self organizing in the nature.
d. Is also adoptive or adaptive to the changing environment as it is flexible.
 Closed Systems

2. Shuns any kind of the exchange with the environment.
b. Is rigid in nature.
c. Is not at all amenable to the change.
d. Is also self contained.
e. Is somewhat isolated in the nature.
f. Is having a well defined boundary.
g. Is not at all adaptive in the nature.
 Natural Systems
Such Systems exist and also abound in the nature.
b. Are also not at all the results of the human endeavors.
c. Rivers, mountains, minerals etc. are the major examples of the natural Systems.
 Artificial Systems
Are manufactured (man made).
b. Examples of such Systems are dams, canals, roads, machines, factories etc.
 Probabilistic Systems
Based on the predictability of the behavior or the outcome.
 Deterministic Systems
In such Systems, the interaction of the elements is known.
b. As the behavior of the elements is pre determined, it becomes possible to work upon
the reaction well in the advance.
 Accounting management information systems:
All accounting reports are shared by all levels of accounting managers.
Financial management information systems:
The financial management information system provides financial information to all
financial managers within an organization including the chief financial officer. The chief
financial officer analyzes historical and current financial activity, projects future financial
needs, and monitors and controls the use of funds over time using the information
developed by the MIS department.
Manufacturing management information systems:

3. More than any functional area, operations have been impacted by great advances in
technology. As a result, manufacturing operations have changed. For instance,
inventories are provided just in time so that great amounts of money are not spent
for warehousing huge inventories. In some instances, raw materials are even
processed on railroad cars waiting to be sent directly to the factory. Thus there is no
need for warehousing.
Marketing management information systems:
A marketing management information system supports managerial activity in the
area of product development, distribution, pricing decisions, promotional
effectiveness, and sales forecasting. More than any other functional area, marketing
systems rely on external sources of data. These sources include competition and
customers.
Human resources management information systems:
Human resources management information systems are concerned with activities
related to workers, managers, and other individuals employed by the organization.
Because the personnel function relates to all other areas in business, the human
resources management information system plays a valuable role in ensuring
organizational success. Activities performed by the human resources management
information systems include, work-force analysis and planning, hiring, training, and
job assignments.
Regards
S-A-KHAN