Type of image
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The document discusses two main types of images: raster graphics and vector graphics. Raster graphics represent images as a grid of pixels and are stored in common formats like JPEG, PNG, and GIF. They correspond directly to what is shown on a screen but changing their size can reduce quality. Vector graphics instead use mathematical objects like lines and curves, allowing them to be resized without quality loss. Key differences are that raster graphics use pixels while vector graphics use geometric elements.
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poster_2011rday
This document discusses using image processing in MATLAB to quantify vascular data from microscopy images. It describes converting a microscopy image of a mouse ear to binary, then using distance transformation to extract the main vascular structures. Distance transformation assigns values to pixels based on their distance to nearest non-zero pixels, resulting in an image highlighting vasculature. The two main vessels were detected but more work is needed to extract smaller vessels. MATLAB provides tools for image processing, storing images as matrices, and computing distance transforms to automatically quantify vascular networks from images.
Lecture 2 computer graphics
There are two main types of computer graphics - bitmap and vector graphics. Bitmap graphics use a grid of pixels that are resolution-dependent, while vector graphics use lines and curves defined by vectors that are resolution-independent. Bitmaps are best for photos with many colors and shades, while vectors are better for illustrations with lines and shapes. Both formats have advantages and limitations depending on the intended use.
Graphics
Graphics can be created by hand or using computer tools and are either raster images using pixels or vector images using mathematical paths. Raster images have resolution, pixel dimensions, and pixel density that determine image quality, while vector images can be resized without quality loss. Common file formats for each include JPEGs, PNGs, and GIFs for raster and SVG, EPS, PDF, and AI for vector. Display screens also have resolution and aspect ratios that affect image display quality.
Unit 78: Task 3 Technical file
Pixel resolution determines the number of distinct pixels that can be displayed. Vector graphics use geometrical primitives based on mathematical expressions, while raster graphics represent images as a grid of pixels.
File formats specify how bits are used to encode image information. Common formats include GIF for images with a limited color palette, JPEG for photographic images using lossy compression, TIFF for bitmaps, EPS for vector graphics and bitmaps, BMP for Windows graphics, PNG for truecolor images, and PSD for layered Photoshop files.
Data compression reduces file size by eliminating statistical redundancy (lossless) or removing marginally important information (lossy). Image capture devices like digital cameras and scanners convert images to digital formats,
3D Graphics & Rendering in Computer Graphics
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Vector images are formed by independent geometric objects like lines and curves defined by mathematical values, whereas bitmap images are formed by pixels. Vector images generally require less memory than bitmaps and can be enlarged without losing precision. When displayed on a screen, the computer must convert the vector image to a bitmap. Common software for working with vector images includes Inkscape, Adobe Illustrator, CorelDRAW, and AutoCAD.
6 texture mapping computer graphics
This document discusses texture mapping in computer graphics. Texture mapping involves mapping 2D image textures or textures onto 3D objects to add surface details and make computer graphics images appear more realistic. It describes how texture mapping works by pasting images onto polygon surfaces without increasing geometric complexity. Various texture mapping techniques are covered, including planar, cylindrical, and spherical mapping as well as interpolation methods for mapping texture coordinates.
Matlab Training in Jalandhar | Matlab Training in Phagwara
Here in E2MATRIX , We provide the best coaching & training and IEEE projects. We provide professional courses like matlab, image processing, cloud computing,Android, electrical domain .NET, JAVA, WEKA, NS-2, MATLAB SIMULINK, and our main emphasis is thesis for MTECH , research projects, IEEE projects. Provide Research Help to all Engineering classes in all the fields of electrical , electronics, IT and Computers.
Contact us at:
E2MATRIX
Opp. Bus Stand, Parmar Complex,
Backside Axis Bank, Phagwara - Punjab (INDIA).
Contact: +91 9041262727, 9779363902,
Web: www.e2matrix.com
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This document discusses using image processing in MATLAB to quantify vascular data from microscopy images. It describes converting a microscopy image of a mouse ear to binary, then using distance transformation to extract the main vascular structures. Distance transformation assigns values to pixels based on their distance to nearest non-zero pixels, resulting in an image highlighting vasculature. The two main vessels were detected but more work is needed to extract smaller vessels. MATLAB provides tools for image processing, storing images as matrices, and computing distance transforms to automatically quantify vascular networks from images.
Lecture 2 computer graphics
There are two main types of computer graphics - bitmap and vector graphics. Bitmap graphics use a grid of pixels that are resolution-dependent, while vector graphics use lines and curves defined by vectors that are resolution-independent. Bitmaps are best for photos with many colors and shades, while vectors are better for illustrations with lines and shapes. Both formats have advantages and limitations depending on the intended use.
Graphics
Graphics can be created by hand or using computer tools and are either raster images using pixels or vector images using mathematical paths. Raster images have resolution, pixel dimensions, and pixel density that determine image quality, while vector images can be resized without quality loss. Common file formats for each include JPEGs, PNGs, and GIFs for raster and SVG, EPS, PDF, and AI for vector. Display screens also have resolution and aspect ratios that affect image display quality.
Unit 78: Task 3 Technical file
Pixel resolution determines the number of distinct pixels that can be displayed. Vector graphics use geometrical primitives based on mathematical expressions, while raster graphics represent images as a grid of pixels.
File formats specify how bits are used to encode image information. Common formats include GIF for images with a limited color palette, JPEG for photographic images using lossy compression, TIFF for bitmaps, EPS for vector graphics and bitmaps, BMP for Windows graphics, PNG for truecolor images, and PSD for layered Photoshop files.
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3D Graphics & Rendering in Computer Graphics
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Vector images are formed by independent geometric objects like lines and curves defined by mathematical values, whereas bitmap images are formed by pixels. Vector images generally require less memory than bitmaps and can be enlarged without losing precision. When displayed on a screen, the computer must convert the vector image to a bitmap. Common software for working with vector images includes Inkscape, Adobe Illustrator, CorelDRAW, and AutoCAD.
6 texture mapping computer graphics
This document discusses texture mapping in computer graphics. Texture mapping involves mapping 2D image textures or textures onto 3D objects to add surface details and make computer graphics images appear more realistic. It describes how texture mapping works by pasting images onto polygon surfaces without increasing geometric complexity. Various texture mapping techniques are covered, including planar, cylindrical, and spherical mapping as well as interpolation methods for mapping texture coordinates.
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Opp. Bus Stand, Parmar Complex,
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Contact: +91 9041262727, 9779363902,
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Here in E2MATRIX , We provide the best coaching & training and IEEE projects. We provide professional courses like matlab, image processing, cloud computing,Android, electrical domain .NET, JAVA, WEKA, NS-2, MATLAB SIMULINK, and our main emphasis is thesis for MTECH , research projects, IEEE projects. Provide Research Help to all Engineering classes in all the fields of electrical , electronics, IT and Computers.
Contact us at:
E2MATRIX
Opp. Bus Stand, Parmar Complex,
Backside Axis Bank, Phagwara - Punjab (INDIA).
Contact: +91 9041262727, 9779363902,
Web: www.e2matrix.com
Unit 54 Digital Graphics
JPG is best for small photo files like those used on websites and emails, while TIFF allows for lossless compression and editing of high-quality image files. Raster graphics represent images as a grid of pixels and store location data implicitly, while vector graphics use geometric shapes defined by mathematical expressions rather than individual pixels, allowing for scalability without quality loss. Both file types have advantages and disadvantages such as resolution requirements for raster images and thin line disappearance for scaled down vectors.
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Three fundamental vector types exist in GISs: points, lines, and polygons. Points contain a single coordinate pair and represent discrete features. Lines are composed of multiple connected points and represent linear features. Polygons are created by multiple lines that loop back and represent two-dimensional features bounded by closed lines.
Task 3 geometry
3D geometry employs the same principles as 2D vector artwork but uses an additional axis. It uses a Cartesian coordinate system to specify points in three dimensions rather than two. Geometry studies the properties of shapes and spaces. In 3D applications, pre-made basic shapes like cubes, spheres and cylinders can be used to build models, which are collections of polygons connected at vertices. Surfaces are two-dimensional areas that can be assigned colors or textures.
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patterns, which means it is "the same from near as from far".
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beyond trivial self-similarity and includes the idea of a detailed
pattern repeating itself. The algorithms to constructing different
fractal shapes in many cases typically involve large amounts of
floating point computation, to which modern GPUs are well
suited. In this paper we will construct Sierpinski Gasket using
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2. Components of GIS
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Principle of GIS
Function of GIS
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Data structure GIS
GIS is a computer system capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically referenced information, i.e. data identified according to their location.
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Basic of computer graphic - Computer Graphic - Notes
Computer Graphics is a sub-field of computer science and is concerned with digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content.
OR
Computer Graphics is the study of techniques to improve communication between human and machine.
The word computer graphics means picture , graph or sense is dream with the help of computer.
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This document provides an overview of geographic information systems (GIS). It defines GIS as a collection of software that allows users to create, visualize, analyze and query geospatial data, which refers to information about the geographic location of entities. The document outlines the history and evolution of GIS from the late 1950s to present. It describes the three main types of geospatial data - raster data consisting of grids of cells, vector data using points, lines and polygons, and digital elevation models. The document also gives examples of GIS applications like map production and spatial analysis functions.
Introduction with graphics
This document discusses computer graphics and its applications. It defines computer graphics as the field concerned with digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content. The two main types are raster (composed of pixels) and vector (composed of paths). Raster images are bitmaps mapped to a grid, while vector images use mathematical formulas. Common graphics applications include paint programs, animation software, CAD, and desktop publishing. Cathode ray tubes are used to display images by scanning an electron beam across a screen coated with phosphors.
A concept of graphics
This document discusses computer graphics and its various aspects. It defines computer graphics as the field concerned with digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content. The two main types of computer graphics are raster (composed of pixels) and vector (composed of paths). Raster images are bitmap images mapped to a grid of pixels that can be edited at the pixel level. Vector images use mathematical formulas to draw objects like lines and curves. Common graphics applications include paint programs, animation software, CAD, and desktop publishing. Cathode ray tubes are used to display images by scanning an electron beam across a screen coated with phosphors.
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Computer graphics refers to creating and manipulating pictures and drawings using a computer. There are two main types: passive graphics which have no interaction and active graphics which allow two-way communication and interaction between the user and hardware. Computer graphics has many applications including user interfaces, scientific visualization, animation, computer aided design, presentation graphics, image processing, and education/training.
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3D Research
There are three main ways to represent 3D models: polygonal modeling using vertices and faces, curve modeling using control points and surfaces, and digital sculpting which directly modifies polygon positions. Modeling programs allow creating 3D objects and include tools for constructive solid geometry, implicit surfaces, and subdivision surfaces. Popular commercial programs are 3ds Max, SketchUp, and LightWave, while Blender is a free and open-source option.
Plot-Segmentation-Poster
This document summarizes a program for segmenting drone images of agricultural research fields into individual experimental plots. The program allows a user to demarcate rows of plots in an aerial mosaic image. It then automatically segments each row into individual plots. Optionally, the program can locate plot boundaries using GPS coordinates provided by the user. It can also propagate the plot segmentation to additional images taken of the same field, enabling computer vision analysis on a per-plot basis. This allows linking of image features to plot-specific crop data.
Object_Recognition_using_Deeplearning_Report.pptx
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Evaluation of graphic effects embedded image compression
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Chap30
Vector graphics use mathematical formulas to define shapes and lines, allowing the images to be scaled and resized without loss of quality. Raster graphics are composed of pixels in a grid, so enlarging the image can cause it to look pixelated or blurry. The document compares vector and raster formats, explaining their properties such as file size, quality when resized, and common file extensions like PDF, AI and JPG. It also provides examples of when each format is generally more suitable.
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Contact us at:
E2MATRIX
Opp. Bus Stand, Parmar Complex,
Backside Axis Bank, Phagwara - Punjab (INDIA).
Contact: +91 9041262727, 9779363902,
Web: www.e2matrix.com
Unit 54 Digital Graphics
JPG is best for small photo files like those used on websites and emails, while TIFF allows for lossless compression and editing of high-quality image files. Raster graphics represent images as a grid of pixels and store location data implicitly, while vector graphics use geometric shapes defined by mathematical expressions rather than individual pixels, allowing for scalability without quality loss. Both file types have advantages and disadvantages such as resolution requirements for raster images and thin line disappearance for scaled down vectors.
Vector data model
Three fundamental vector types exist in GISs: points, lines, and polygons. Points contain a single coordinate pair and represent discrete features. Lines are composed of multiple connected points and represent linear features. Polygons are created by multiple lines that loop back and represent two-dimensional features bounded by closed lines.
Task 3 geometry
3D geometry employs the same principles as 2D vector artwork but uses an additional axis. It uses a Cartesian coordinate system to specify points in three dimensions rather than two. Geometry studies the properties of shapes and spaces. In 3D applications, pre-made basic shapes like cubes, spheres and cylinders can be used to build models, which are collections of polygons connected at vertices. Surfaces are two-dimensional areas that can be assigned colors or textures.
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Our goal of the project is to develop a complete, fully detailed 3D interactive model of the human body and systems in the human body, and allow the user to interacts in 3D with all the elements of that system, to teach students about human anatomy. Some organs, which contain a lot of details about a particular anatomy, need to be accurately and fully described in minute detail, such as the brain, lungs, liver and heart. These organs are need have all the detailed descriptions of the medical information needed to learn how to do surgery on them, and should allow the user to add careful and precise marking to indicate the operative landmarks on the surgery location. Adding so many different items of information is challenging when the area to which the information needs to be attached is very detailed and overlaps with all kinds of other medical information related to the area. Existing methods to tag areas was not allowing us sufficient locations to attach the information to. Our solution combines a variety of tagging methods, which use the marking method by selecting the RGB color area that is drawn in the texture, on the complex 3D object structure. Then, it relies on those RGB color codes to tag IDs and create relational tables that store the related information about the specific areas of the anatomy. With this method of marking, it is possible to use the entire set of color values (R, G, B) to identify a set of anatomic regions, and this also makes it possible to define multiple overlapping regions.
Constructing sierpinski gasket using gp us arrays
A fractal is a mathematical set that typically displays self-similar
patterns, which means it is "the same from near as from far".
Fractals may be exactly the same at every scale, they may be
nearly the same at different scales. The concept of fractal extends
beyond trivial self-similarity and includes the idea of a detailed
pattern repeating itself. The algorithms to constructing different
fractal shapes in many cases typically involve large amounts of
floating point computation, to which modern GPUs are well
suited. In this paper we will construct Sierpinski Gasket using
GPUs arrays.
Data input and transformation
This document provides an overview of remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS) in civil engineering. It discusses key concepts like vector and raster data models, data coding, representation of geographic features as points, lines and areas, common vector data structures including topology and dual independent map encoding, and data compression techniques. The course will cover GIS software, spatial queries, analysis functions, and practice generating hydrological modeling inputs like digital elevation models and flow maps from terrain data.
Geographical Information System (GIS)
Topics:
1. Introduction to GIS
2. Components of GIS
3. Types of Data
4. Spatial Data
5. Non-Spatial Data
6. GIS Operations
7. Coordinate Systems
8. Datum
9. Map Projections
10. Raster Data Compression Techniques
11. GIS Software
12. Free GIS Data Resources
GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)
What is GIS
Principle of GIS
Function of GIS
Components of GIS
Type of GIS
Advantages of GIS
Applications of GIS
Organisation of GIS
Data structure GIS
GIS is a computer system capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically referenced information, i.e. data identified according to their location.
A GIS is an organised collection of computer hardware, software, geographic data , and personnel to efficiently capture , store, update, manipulate, analyze and display all forms of geographically referenced information.
Basic of computer graphic - Computer Graphic - Notes
Computer Graphics is a sub-field of computer science and is concerned with digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content.
OR
Computer Graphics is the study of techniques to improve communication between human and machine.
The word computer graphics means picture , graph or sense is dream with the help of computer.
geographic information system pdf
This document provides an overview of geographic information systems (GIS). It defines GIS as a collection of software that allows users to create, visualize, analyze and query geospatial data, which refers to information about the geographic location of entities. The document outlines the history and evolution of GIS from the late 1950s to present. It describes the three main types of geospatial data - raster data consisting of grids of cells, vector data using points, lines and polygons, and digital elevation models. The document also gives examples of GIS applications like map production and spatial analysis functions.
Introduction with graphics
This document discusses computer graphics and its applications. It defines computer graphics as the field concerned with digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content. The two main types are raster (composed of pixels) and vector (composed of paths). Raster images are bitmaps mapped to a grid, while vector images use mathematical formulas. Common graphics applications include paint programs, animation software, CAD, and desktop publishing. Cathode ray tubes are used to display images by scanning an electron beam across a screen coated with phosphors.
A concept of graphics
This document discusses computer graphics and its various aspects. It defines computer graphics as the field concerned with digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content. The two main types of computer graphics are raster (composed of pixels) and vector (composed of paths). Raster images are bitmap images mapped to a grid of pixels that can be edited at the pixel level. Vector images use mathematical formulas to draw objects like lines and curves. Common graphics applications include paint programs, animation software, CAD, and desktop publishing. Cathode ray tubes are used to display images by scanning an electron beam across a screen coated with phosphors.
Introduction to computer graphics
Computer graphics refers to creating and manipulating pictures and drawings using a computer. There are two main types: passive graphics which have no interaction and active graphics which allow two-way communication and interaction between the user and hardware. Computer graphics has many applications including user interfaces, scientific visualization, animation, computer aided design, presentation graphics, image processing, and education/training.
Data sources and input in GIS
Perhaps the most important component of a GIS is in the part of data used in GIS. The data for GIS can be derived from various sources. A wide variety of data sources exist for both spatial and attribute data.
Image compression
A basis is a set of linearly independent vectors that can be linearly combined to represent any vector in a given vector space, such as the 8x8 matrix representing an image. A good basis for image compression has more low-frequency vectors that imply less variation in pixel values across the image, and fewer high-frequency vectors that imply more variation. There are several possible basis choices, including the Fourier basis where 'w' represents the nth root of unity, and the quality of the basis depends on how well it captures the general smoothness of images.
3D Research
There are three main ways to represent 3D models: polygonal modeling using vertices and faces, curve modeling using control points and surfaces, and digital sculpting which directly modifies polygon positions. Modeling programs allow creating 3D objects and include tools for constructive solid geometry, implicit surfaces, and subdivision surfaces. Popular commercial programs are 3ds Max, SketchUp, and LightWave, while Blender is a free and open-source option.
Plot-Segmentation-Poster
This document summarizes a program for segmenting drone images of agricultural research fields into individual experimental plots. The program allows a user to demarcate rows of plots in an aerial mosaic image. It then automatically segments each row into individual plots. Optionally, the program can locate plot boundaries using GPS coordinates provided by the user. It can also propagate the plot segmentation to additional images taken of the same field, enabling computer vision analysis on a per-plot basis. This allows linking of image features to plot-specific crop data.
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The document discusses object recognition using deep learning. It describes how neural networks can be trained on large datasets to distinguish objects like cars from airplanes. Deep learning uses hierarchical layers of patterns to learn representations from data and can recognize objects in images when provided extensive training information. The team used a convolutional neural network with layers combining convolutions and pooling to classify images from ImageNet into 1000 categories. They tested the model on CIFAR-10, achieving a best error rate of 17-20% using max spatial pooling with Overfeat features.
Evaluation of graphic effects embedded image compression
A fundamental factor of digital image compression is the conversion processes. The intention of this process is to understand the shape of an image and to modify the digital image to a grayscale configuration where the encoding of the compression technique is operational. This article focuses on an investigation of compression algorithms for images with artistic effects. A key component in image compression is how to effectively preserve the original quality of images. Image compression is to condense by lessening the redundant data of images in order that they are transformed cost-effectively. The common techniques include discrete cosine transform (DCT), fast Fourier transform (FFT), and shifted FFT (SFFT). Experimental results point out compression ratio between original RGB images and grayscale images, as well as comparison. The superior algorithm improving a shape comprehension for images with grahic effect is SFFT technique.
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Basic of computer graphic - Computer Graphic - Notes
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Vector graphics use mathematical formulas to define shapes and lines, allowing the images to be scaled and resized without loss of quality. Raster graphics are composed of pixels in a grid, so enlarging the image can cause it to look pixelated or blurry. The document compares vector and raster formats, explaining their properties such as file size, quality when resized, and common file extensions like PDF, AI and JPG. It also provides examples of when each format is generally more suitable.
Assignment 2
Vectors are based on geometric elements like points, lines, and shapes defined by mathematical expressions. They represent images using control points on the x and y axes. Properties like color and thickness don't increase file size.
Bitmaps map domains like pixels to binary values of 0 or 1, representing black and white images. Pixmaps store more colors using more bits per pixel.
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The document discusses different types of images. A still image is a single static photograph, while a moving image is a video or film. Image resolution is measured in pixels per inch or total pixel count. Common image file formats include JPEG, TIFF, GIF, and PNG. There are two main types of images: raster (bitmap) images composed of pixels in a grid, and vector images composed of geometric objects like lines and curves defined by mathematical formulas.
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This document provides information about various topics related to digital media production, including:
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- It covers concepts like resolution, file formats, color models, and anti-aliasing as they relate to digital images. Common file formats discussed include JPEG, GIF, TIFF, EPS, and PSD.
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Computer graphics are pictures and movies produced use computers fre.pdf
no. of sand grains in 1 truck = 10/0.1 x 10 ^-6=10^8 sand grains total time taken=
(10 X 6.02x10^23 x 10 )/10^8= 6.02 x 10^17 min= 6.872 x 10^ 13 years
Solution
no. of sand grains in 1 truck = 10/0.1 x 10 ^-6=10^8 sand grains total time taken=
(10 X 6.02x10^23 x 10 )/10^8= 6.02 x 10^17 min= 6.872 x 10^ 13 years.
Higher - Storing graphics
Bitmap graphics store the color of each individual pixel, allowing for control over photographs but becoming "jaggy" when zoomed in. They require more storage space at higher resolutions. Vector graphics store objects as descriptions of attributes like position and size, allowing scaling without quality loss but preventing pixel-level editing. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages for storage needs, quality, and editing capabilities.
Technical file
Image resolution is measured by the detail an image holds, which is quantified by how close lines can be to each other and still be visible. Pixel art is a form of digital art created by editing images on the pixel level. Vector graphics use geometrical primitives and mathematical expressions to represent images, while raster graphics represent images as a grid of pixels in an image file. Common file formats for raster graphics include BMP, PNG, GIF, TIFF, and JPEG, while PDF, EPS, and AI are examples of vector graphics file formats. Lossless data compression reduces file size by eliminating statistical redundancies without losing image data.
Pixel and resolution
Pixels are the smallest controllable elements that make up images on screens. They are arranged in a grid and can only display one color at a time, but many clustered together can create a smooth image. Higher resolution screens have more and smaller pixels, making individual pixels harder to see. More pixel colors are possible with increased bit depth. In gaming, higher resolution screens and consoles allow for more detailed graphics through more pixels and colors. Vector images use geometric shapes defined by mathematical expressions rather than pixels, while raster images are made of pixels arranged in a grid. Different file formats like BMP, PNG, GIF are used for different purposes like photos, icons, or transparency. Digital asset management involves ingesting, storing, and distributing digital
Raster data model
The document discusses the raster data model used in geographic information systems (GIS). It defines raster data as consisting of a matrix of grids made up of rows, columns, and cells that can each store a single value. Common examples of raster data include satellite imagery, digital elevation models, and scanned maps. Raster data has advantages for modeling continuous geographic variation and works well with raster output devices, but has limitations representing discrete features and may lose detail during conversion from vector data. Popular raster file formats include TIFF, JPEG, and GIF.
Raster data model
The document discusses the raster data model. The key points are:
- Raster data is represented as a grid of cells (pixels) organized into rows and columns. Each cell contains a value representing information.
- Common raster data types include satellite imagery, digital elevation models, and scanned maps.
- Raster data has advantages for modeling and analysis but disadvantages for representing linear features and conforming to cartographic standards due to resolution issues.
L3 cmp technicalfile_180911
The document provides information about various types of digital image formats including raster images, vector images, and file formats. It discusses key aspects of raster images such as how they represent images using pixels that store color data. It contrasts raster images with vector images which use geometric primitives and mathematical equations. It also briefly outlines some common file formats and color models used in digital images.
Fundamentals Image and Graphics
Understand Digital Image Representation, (Binart, GrayScale, RGB), Color Schemas, Raster, and Vector Graphics, Resolutions, Image Recognition, Image Analysis, and Processing Steps.
Multimedia_image recognition steps
The document outlines the key steps involved in image recognition:
1. Capturing an image digitally and representing it as pixels.
2. Conditioning the image by suppressing unwanted variations to highlight important patterns.
3. Labeling important patterns by detecting edges and applying thresholding to identify significant edges.
4. Grouping edges into lines and objects and extracting features like centroids to represent the image logically.
5. Matching objects in the image to stored models to recognize and identify the objects.
topic_- introduction of computer graphics.
This document provides an introduction to computer graphics. It defines computer graphics as any image represented digitally and manipulated on a computer. Computer graphics is used widely in areas like digital art, video games, mobile devices, and more. The document outlines two main types of computer graphics: raster graphics, which uses a grid of pixels; and vector graphics, which uses mathematical formulas to define shapes. It also lists some common applications of computer graphics like CAD, presentations, education, and data visualization.
Pixel and resolution
Pixels are the smallest controllable elements that make up a digital image. More pixels result in higher resolution and more image detail. Raster images are made of pixels and lose clarity when scaled, while vector images are based on paths and can scale without quality loss. Common file formats include BMP, PNG, GIF, TIFF, JPG, PSD, PDF, EPS and AI. Compression reduces file sizes by eliminating unnecessary data in either a lossless or lossy manner. Devices like cameras and screen capture software are used to capture images. Optimizing improves efficiency and reduces resource usage, while asset management involves organizing, backing up and exporting digital files.
Raster graphics
Raster graphics are represented by a grid of pixels stored in an image file. The image is characterized by its width, height in pixels and color depth. Raster images correspond bit-for-bit to what is displayed on screen and stored in video memory. The word raster comes from the Latin word for rake, originally referring to the line-by-line scanning of CRT video monitors.
Raster vs Vector
Vector images are composed of lines and shapes defined by mathematical equations, so they can be scaled up without loss of quality. Raster images are made of pixels in a grid, so enlarging them reduces quality. Vector formats are best for logos, illustrations, and manipulated text, while raster formats like JPEG and PNG are best for photos. Common vector programs are Illustrator and Inkscape, while Photoshop is best for raster image editing. Raster images can be imported into vector programs and traced to convert them.
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Type of image
- 1. TYPE OF IMAGE P.Nithya M.Saranya M.Surya P.Vinitha II M.Sc(CS&IT) Nadar Saraswathi College Of Arts And Science ,Theni.
- 2. IMAGE The new position of a point, a line, a line segment, or a figure after a transformation is called its image. An image is a picture that has been created or copied and stored in electronic form.
- 3. TYPE OF IMAGE There are used in two type of image: vector graphics raster graphics An image stored in raster form is sometimes called a bitmap. An image map is a file containing information that associates different locations on a specified image with hypertext links.
- 4. RASTER GRAPHICS In computer graphics a raster graphics or bitmap image is a dot matrix data structure, representing a generally rectangular grid of pixels, or points of color, viewable via a monitor, paper, or other display medium. Raster images are stored in image files with varying formats.
- 5. A bitmap, a single-bit raster, corresponds bit-for-bit with an image displayed on a screen, generally in the same format used for storage in the display's video memory, or maybe as a device-independent bitmap. A raster is technically characterized by the width and height of the image in pixels and by the number of bits per pixel (or color depth, which determines the number of colors it can represent).
- 6. Image storage Most computer images are stored in raster graphics formats or compressed variations, including GIF, JPEG, and PNG, which are popular on the World Wide Web. Three-dimensional voxel raster graphics are employed in video games and are also used in medical imaging such as MRI scanners.[9]
- 7. VECTOR GRAPHICS A vector graphic is a type of image. Vector images are graphical representations of mathematical objects such as lines, curves, polygons and its like. These graphics are generated by computer and they follow x and y axis as their reference definition.
- 8. Since a vector image is only made up of mathematical entities, it is possible to easily apply geometrical transformations to it while a bitmap image, made up of pixels, will not be able to undergo such transformations without suffering a loss of information called distortion. The appearance of pixels in an image following a geometrical transformation is called pixilation .
- 9. DIFFERENT BETWEEN RASTER AND VECTOR IMAGE Vector Image Bitmap Image