Tunisia has modest oil and gas production compared to its neighbors. It produced around 81,000 barrels of crude oil per day in 2009, though production has declined slightly in recent years. Domestic consumption has risen significantly such that Tunisia no longer exports crude oil. Tunisia had around 388 million barrels of proven oil reserves and 1.8 trillion cubic feet of natural gas reserves in 2008. The country relies heavily on oil and gas, which make up around 48% and 39% of its energy needs respectively. State-owned Etap promotes exploration and production through production sharing agreements and joint ventures with international oil companies.
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The global economy has relied on oil and gas for much of its existence. In regions such as the Middle East, for example, the oil and gas industry plays a major role in the domestic economies of the oil-producing nations, with price fluctuations directly affecting the health of the economy.
There is a presentation I made for the COP22that took place in Morocco in 2016.
Climate change is really dangerous and I wanted to make people realise how important trying to stop it is important.
This shows my interest on renewable energies, which will surely be the energy of the future.
Describes how the EU Emissions Trading System may, with advantage, be reformed so that coal, oil and gas are controlled where they come out of the ground or are imported.
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There is a presentation I made for the COP22that took place in Morocco in 2016.
Climate change is really dangerous and I wanted to make people realise how important trying to stop it is important.
This shows my interest on renewable energies, which will surely be the energy of the future.
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This write up presents the economy of Nigeria at a Glance, most especially the Oil and Gas sector of the country as well as investment opportunities in Nigeria,
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Black Sea: An Other Caspian?
The oil and gas potential of Black SEa makes it the hottest frontier water area to be explored with a lot of challenges. However; the potential she offers makes those challenges bearable . They were once together with Caspian Sea....
21. yy da ihtiyaç duyduğumuz yada vaz geçemediğimiz tüm modern hayat ihtiyaçlarının altında ya madencilik yada petrol faaliyeti mevcuttur. Çevreci olmak aslında maden-enerji-çevre üçgeninin içinde köşelere çarpmak demektir. Kimse özünde çevreci değildir.
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This write up presents the economy of Nigeria at a Glance, most especially the Oil and Gas sector of the country as well as investment opportunities in Nigeria,
Green OC - Gateway to natural energy. The company is looking for investors in the green energy verticals. Hydrocarbon (Bilge, Sludge, Plastics, and used mineral oils) into transportation diesel. moblers promote innovation by helping innovative start-ups to get professional exposure.
Black Sea: An Other Caspian?
The oil and gas potential of Black SEa makes it the hottest frontier water area to be explored with a lot of challenges. However; the potential she offers makes those challenges bearable . They were once together with Caspian Sea....
21. yy da ihtiyaç duyduğumuz yada vaz geçemediğimiz tüm modern hayat ihtiyaçlarının altında ya madencilik yada petrol faaliyeti mevcuttur. Çevreci olmak aslında maden-enerji-çevre üçgeninin içinde köşelere çarpmak demektir. Kimse özünde çevreci değildir.
Russia’s invasion in Ukraine has resulted one of the most severe food and energy crises in the recent history and energy security became more vital than transition to green energy.
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İnsanoğlu olarak artık mağarada, gün boyu avlanarak yaşamıyoruz, bunun yerine medeniyet dediğimiz sanal bir gerçeklik kurarak, şehirler, kasabalar ve hatta köyler inşaa edip bu alanlarda kendimizi doğa felaketlerine karşı korunmuş hissederek yaşıyoruz.
PhD Thesis about the Garzan Carbonates and their log charecters, microfaices and sequence stratigraphy. Garzan Oil field and its log to micrfacies correlations.
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Collapsing Narratives: Exploring Non-Linearity • a micro report by Rosie WellsRosie Wells
Insight: In a landscape where traditional narrative structures are giving way to fragmented and non-linear forms of storytelling, there lies immense potential for creativity and exploration.
'Collapsing Narratives: Exploring Non-Linearity' is a micro report from Rosie Wells.
Rosie Wells is an Arts & Cultural Strategist uniquely positioned at the intersection of grassroots and mainstream storytelling.
Their work is focused on developing meaningful and lasting connections that can drive social change.
Please download this presentation to enjoy the hyperlinks!
This presentation, created by Syed Faiz ul Hassan, explores the profound influence of media on public perception and behavior. It delves into the evolution of media from oral traditions to modern digital and social media platforms. Key topics include the role of media in information propagation, socialization, crisis awareness, globalization, and education. The presentation also examines media influence through agenda setting, propaganda, and manipulative techniques used by advertisers and marketers. Furthermore, it highlights the impact of surveillance enabled by media technologies on personal behavior and preferences. Through this comprehensive overview, the presentation aims to shed light on how media shapes collective consciousness and public opinion.
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2. Facts
• The Tunisian Republic is located in the northernmost part of Africa
bordering the Mediterranean Sea between Algeria and Libya.
• The upstream oil industry in Tunisia is still modest and upcoming as
compared to its neighbouring countries.
• Oil and Gas are the two major sources of energy requirements in the
country accounting for 48.30% and 39% respectively in 2008.
• The country produced about 81,000 barrels per day of crude oil in 2009.
Crude oil production has declined marginally in the past decade.
• Domestic consumption has increased from 83,000 barrels per day in
1999 to about 107,600 barrels per day in 2009.
• The country no longer exports crude oil as domestic consumption has
risen considerably in recent years.
• The country’s low refining capacity has led the country to import refined
petroleum products to meet its demands.
• Crude oil reserves in Tunisia increased from 300m bbl in 2000 to 388m
bbl in 2008.
• El Borma, Ashtart and Sidi el Kilani are Tunisia’s main oil producing
fields.
• Tunisia had around 1.80 trillion cubic feet of proven natural gas
reserves in 2008, with about two-thirds located offshore.
• Natural Gas production in Tunisia has increased from 81.70 bn cu ft in
2000 to 91.30 bn cu ft in 2009.
• Consumption, on the other hand, increased from 83 bn cu ft in 2000 to
112.60 bn cu ft in 2009.
• Tunisia does not export natural gas. Miskar and Franig are the two
major gas fields in the country.
3. 1. Facts_cont
Bacground
• Strategic location in central Mediterranean, Malta and
Tunusia are discussing the commercial exploitation of the
continental shelf between their countries for oil.
• Total Area: 163.610 km2
• Etnics : Arab 98%, European %1, Jewish and other
%1
• Language: Arabic (official), French and Berber
• Population: 10.732.900 (2012 est)
• GDP (purchaisng power parity): 100 billion $ (2011 est)
• Primarily revenue from
• Budget: revenues is 10.54 billion $ and expenditures is
13.23 billion $ (2011 est)
• Industries :petrolwum, mining, agriculture, mining, tourism
and manufacturing
• Export items: textiles, food, petroleum products,
chemicals and phosphates
• Exports is 17.61 billion $ (2011 est) exporting clothing,
saemi finished goods, textiles, agricultural products,
mechnaical goods, phosphates, chemicals, hydrocarbons,
electrical equipment
• Import is 22.95 billion $ (2011 est) and importing, textile,
machinery and equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals,
foodstuffs
• Pipelines: gas:2.386 km, oil 1.323 km; refined products
453 km (2010)
Energy
• Electricity production : 14.76 billion kWh (2009 est)
• Electricity consumption : 12.75 billion kWh (2009 est)
• Electricity export : 81 million kWh (2009 est)
• Electricity import : 122 million kWh (2009 est)
• Electricity ınstalled generating capacity: 3.648 million kWh (2009 est)
• Electricity from fossil fuels : 96.9%
• Electricity from nuclear and hydrolic plants and renewables: 0%- 1.7%
and other
1.4%
• Crude oil production : 70.800 bbl/d (2011 est)
• Crude oil consumption : 84 m bbl/d (2010 est)
• Crude oil exports : 65.690 bbl/d (2009 est)
• Crude import : 24.580 bbl/d (2009 est)
• Crude proved reservs : 425 million bbl (2012 est)
• Refined petroleum products Production: 36.670 bbl/d (2008 est)
• Refined petroleum products consumption: 88.380 bbl/d (2011 est)
• Refined petroleum products exports : 15.270 bbl/d (2008 est)
• Refiend petroleum products imports : 74.600 bbl/d (2008 est)
• Natural gas production : 2.03 billion m3 (2010 est)
• Natural gas consumption : 3.28 Bcm
• Natural gas exports : 0
• Natural gas imports :1.25 billion m3 (2010 est)
• Natural gas proved reserves:: 65.13 Bcm (2012est)
• CO2 emission : 18.72 million Mt (2010 est)
• Refinery Capacity : 34 million bbl/d
3
4. Facts
• 1st exploration well: 1933
• 1st dşscovery :1949
• 1st production : 1956
• Total expl wells drilled: 506 onshore, 212 (offshore)
• Acreage Leased : 113.378 km2, / 73.408 km2 (offshore) (2010)
• Major Players : ADX, Anadarko, BG, Candax, Chinook, Eni, Etap, Exxon, OMV, PA Resorces,
Perenco, Repsol, Shell, Thani, Topic, Winstar
• Production : 70.8 M bbl/d, 305.6 MM cf/d (2011 est)
• Regulatory Law ino is 99-93 of 17th August 1999.
• Tunusian state company is Etap and is promoting open blocks
• PSA issued 2002
•Royalty Tax
•Joint Venture
•Carried state participation
•Royalty on a sliding scale linked to profitability (%2-%15)
•İncome tax on on a sliding scale linked to contractors profitibility (%50-&75 for oil and %50 to %65
for gas)
•Production sharing
•Cost recovery from all availbale production
•Profit sharing on a negotiable sliding scale
•İncome tax met from the states share