Dokumen tersebut memberikan contoh kalimat untuk menanyakan saran dan nasihat, memberikan saran dan nasihat, menerima saran, dan menolak saran. Juga dijelaskan tentang kewajiban atau keharusan menggunakan kata "have to", "has to", "had to", dan "be expected to".
Presentasi ini membahas tentang Simple Present Tense dan Present Continuous Tense. Simple Present Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kebiasaan dan fakta yang terjadi secara berulang, sedangkan Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung saat ini. Perbedaan utama antara keduanya adalah Present Continuous Tense menekankan pada aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung, sedangkan Simple Present Tense menekankan pada aktivitas yang terjadi berulang kali.
The front page of a music magazine aims to grab readers' attention. It features a large background image of a featured artist and leads that preview the magazine's contents through quotes or article summaries. The contents page lists the magazine's sections and sometimes includes an editor's message. Double page spreads provide detailed interviews and photos that give readers an inside look at artists.
The document discusses identifying genres through semantic and syntactic approaches. It analyzes the horror genre in the film Paranormal Activity. Semantically, the horror genre conventions include characters, locations, lighting styles, music and dialogue to set the scene and build suspense. Syntactically, horror films typically introduce the characters and setting before building to a climax where the threat is realized. The analyzed film Paranormal Activity follows this pattern by introducing a couple living in a house that eventually discover something dangerous is living there too.
The document discusses preparation for the sacrament of reconciliation for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. It explains that reconciliation focuses on feeling sorry for hurting others, expressing that hurt, and trying to avoid it in the future. The sacrament aims to nurture an awareness of causing hurt and a desire for reconciliation. While choices that hurt others may lack clear moral culpability, there is still an understanding that hurt was caused.
El documento describe los aspectos físicos y personales de Quisapincha, incluyendo su apariencia física de color castaño oscuro y sus intereses como hero, iconos, barras de tareas y hojas de cálculo. Además menciona a Tatiana Hidalgo.
Presentasi ini membahas tentang Simple Present Tense dan Present Continuous Tense. Simple Present Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kebiasaan dan fakta yang terjadi secara berulang, sedangkan Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung saat ini. Perbedaan utama antara keduanya adalah Present Continuous Tense menekankan pada aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung, sedangkan Simple Present Tense menekankan pada aktivitas yang terjadi berulang kali.
The front page of a music magazine aims to grab readers' attention. It features a large background image of a featured artist and leads that preview the magazine's contents through quotes or article summaries. The contents page lists the magazine's sections and sometimes includes an editor's message. Double page spreads provide detailed interviews and photos that give readers an inside look at artists.
The document discusses identifying genres through semantic and syntactic approaches. It analyzes the horror genre in the film Paranormal Activity. Semantically, the horror genre conventions include characters, locations, lighting styles, music and dialogue to set the scene and build suspense. Syntactically, horror films typically introduce the characters and setting before building to a climax where the threat is realized. The analyzed film Paranormal Activity follows this pattern by introducing a couple living in a house that eventually discover something dangerous is living there too.
The document discusses preparation for the sacrament of reconciliation for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. It explains that reconciliation focuses on feeling sorry for hurting others, expressing that hurt, and trying to avoid it in the future. The sacrament aims to nurture an awareness of causing hurt and a desire for reconciliation. While choices that hurt others may lack clear moral culpability, there is still an understanding that hurt was caused.
El documento describe los aspectos físicos y personales de Quisapincha, incluyendo su apariencia física de color castaño oscuro y sus intereses como hero, iconos, barras de tareas y hojas de cálculo. Además menciona a Tatiana Hidalgo.
Ashiana Housing Ltd is a public company founded in 1979 that operates in the real estate sector, specializing in apartments, retirement communities, retail, and hotels. It is a mid-sized developer in North India known for on-time project delivery and quality construction. The presentation discusses Ashiana's business model, market share in North India, customer profile serving seniors and retailers, financial position, achievements including awards and listings, operations across multiple locations, competitors in the region, regulations impacting the industry, and future plans for new projects.
The document advertises Facebook timeline consulting services, warning that Facebook will soon implement changes to pages that could make existing pages obsolete overnight, and that having the right team to build a new customized timeline page for $199.95 could help businesses transition their social media presence and take advantage of new features from the changes.
The document summarizes three major Muslim empires that arose after the period of Islamic expansion in the 1100s. The Ottoman Empire originated from Turkish warriors in Anatolia and the Balkans and expanded through conquering the Byzantine Empire and lands in Europe, Africa, and Asia under rulers like Mehmed II and Suleiman I. The Safavid Empire emerged in Persia under rulers like Ismail I and Abbas I and blended Persian and Muslim cultural traditions. The Mughal Empire was established in India by Babur and saw cultural blending under Akbar's policies of religious tolerance, leading to architectural works like the Taj Mahal.
This document outlines the marketing plan for a new café called Cafaholic opening in Tsim Sha Tsui East, Hong Kong. [1] It includes an executive summary, external environmental analysis, SWOT analysis, objectives, target market identification, and marketing mix strategies involving product, price, place, and promotion. [2] The objectives are to create brand recognition among local residents and achieve annual sales and customer growth targets. [3] The target market is identified as customers aged 16-30 based on food preferences.
Third Quarter 2013 Investor PresentationCNOServices
- The document provides financial and operating results for CNO Financial Group for the third quarter of 2013.
- Key highlights include continued growth in sales and premiums across business segments, solid performance from core earnings drivers, and a strong capital and liquidity position.
- CNO deployed $222 million year-to-date for share repurchases and $18 million in dividends, while maintaining strong capital ratios and leverage.
This document discusses scale degrees in music theory. It defines scale degrees as the names given to each note in a scale based on its relation to the starting note. Scale degrees are numbered with Roman numerals and given names like tonic, subdominant, and dominant. The tonic is the first note of the scale. The dominant is the fifth note, and the subdominant is the fourth note. Learning scale degrees and their numbers and names provides useful information for composing music using chords.
Ovid decrees that he will not investigate or pursue any indiscretions by his partner. He admits that a simple denial from her will override what he has seen to be true. Ovid describes how easy it would be for her to defeat him, as he would submit to her with just two words of denial, even without cause or evidence, resigning to her as the judge.
The document discusses two theories for the origin of life on Earth: the biblical creation account and the primordial soup theory. The creation account describes God creating the world and all life forms over six days. The primordial soup theory proposes that early Earth had a atmosphere containing methane, ammonia and other gases, and that lightning or heat sparked amino acid formation in oceans. While this theory was supported by the Miller-Urey experiment, the document argues the creation theory provides a better explanation and notes issues with the primordial soup theory and experiments.
This document discusses the different seasons, including summer, rainy, and winter. It aims to teach students to identify the different seasons and correlate various phenomena with each season. The seasons are periods of weather that remain consistent for a long time. Brief sections are devoted to outlining the summer, rainy and winter seasons. The document was presented by Amita Arora and comes from the textbook "My Living World – II" published by the D.A.V. Managing Committee.
The document discusses the effectiveness of using trained bed bug detection dogs for inspections compared to traditional visual inspections. It notes that dogs can detect bed bugs through all life stages, including in small crevices where humans cannot see. Dogs have been shown to detect bed bugs with 97% accuracy, while traditional inspections are only 40-60% accurate. The document also discusses the recent rise in bed bug infestations in various public places and living accommodations like hotels and dorms.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang tenses dalam bahasa Inggris, termasuk present tense, past tense, dan future tense. Diberikan penjelasan mengenai rumus dan contoh kalimat untuk setiap tenses. Juga dibahas mengenai subject dan verb agreement serta soal tenses dan singular plural dalam bahasa Inggris.
Majalah Kekuatan Sugesti Edisi Desember 2014Firman Pratama
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang bagaimana persepsi seseorang terhadap suatu peristiwa dapat menentukan apakah peristiwa itu dianggap sebagai masalah atau manfaat. Dokumen juga menjelaskan pentingnya mempelajari ilmu mengontrol pikiran untuk dapat mengubah persepsi negatif menjadi positif sehingga hidup dipenuhi manfaat.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang perbedaan antara present participle dan gerund dalam bahasa Inggris. Present participle berfungsi sebagai kata kerja dan kata sifat, sedangkan gerund hanya berfungsi sebagai kata benda. Perbedaan utama antara present participle dan gerund adalah present participle dapat diikuti oleh kata kerja "to be" sedangkan gerund tidak.
Ashiana Housing Ltd is a public company founded in 1979 that operates in the real estate sector, specializing in apartments, retirement communities, retail, and hotels. It is a mid-sized developer in North India known for on-time project delivery and quality construction. The presentation discusses Ashiana's business model, market share in North India, customer profile serving seniors and retailers, financial position, achievements including awards and listings, operations across multiple locations, competitors in the region, regulations impacting the industry, and future plans for new projects.
The document advertises Facebook timeline consulting services, warning that Facebook will soon implement changes to pages that could make existing pages obsolete overnight, and that having the right team to build a new customized timeline page for $199.95 could help businesses transition their social media presence and take advantage of new features from the changes.
The document summarizes three major Muslim empires that arose after the period of Islamic expansion in the 1100s. The Ottoman Empire originated from Turkish warriors in Anatolia and the Balkans and expanded through conquering the Byzantine Empire and lands in Europe, Africa, and Asia under rulers like Mehmed II and Suleiman I. The Safavid Empire emerged in Persia under rulers like Ismail I and Abbas I and blended Persian and Muslim cultural traditions. The Mughal Empire was established in India by Babur and saw cultural blending under Akbar's policies of religious tolerance, leading to architectural works like the Taj Mahal.
This document outlines the marketing plan for a new café called Cafaholic opening in Tsim Sha Tsui East, Hong Kong. [1] It includes an executive summary, external environmental analysis, SWOT analysis, objectives, target market identification, and marketing mix strategies involving product, price, place, and promotion. [2] The objectives are to create brand recognition among local residents and achieve annual sales and customer growth targets. [3] The target market is identified as customers aged 16-30 based on food preferences.
Third Quarter 2013 Investor PresentationCNOServices
- The document provides financial and operating results for CNO Financial Group for the third quarter of 2013.
- Key highlights include continued growth in sales and premiums across business segments, solid performance from core earnings drivers, and a strong capital and liquidity position.
- CNO deployed $222 million year-to-date for share repurchases and $18 million in dividends, while maintaining strong capital ratios and leverage.
This document discusses scale degrees in music theory. It defines scale degrees as the names given to each note in a scale based on its relation to the starting note. Scale degrees are numbered with Roman numerals and given names like tonic, subdominant, and dominant. The tonic is the first note of the scale. The dominant is the fifth note, and the subdominant is the fourth note. Learning scale degrees and their numbers and names provides useful information for composing music using chords.
Ovid decrees that he will not investigate or pursue any indiscretions by his partner. He admits that a simple denial from her will override what he has seen to be true. Ovid describes how easy it would be for her to defeat him, as he would submit to her with just two words of denial, even without cause or evidence, resigning to her as the judge.
The document discusses two theories for the origin of life on Earth: the biblical creation account and the primordial soup theory. The creation account describes God creating the world and all life forms over six days. The primordial soup theory proposes that early Earth had a atmosphere containing methane, ammonia and other gases, and that lightning or heat sparked amino acid formation in oceans. While this theory was supported by the Miller-Urey experiment, the document argues the creation theory provides a better explanation and notes issues with the primordial soup theory and experiments.
This document discusses the different seasons, including summer, rainy, and winter. It aims to teach students to identify the different seasons and correlate various phenomena with each season. The seasons are periods of weather that remain consistent for a long time. Brief sections are devoted to outlining the summer, rainy and winter seasons. The document was presented by Amita Arora and comes from the textbook "My Living World – II" published by the D.A.V. Managing Committee.
The document discusses the effectiveness of using trained bed bug detection dogs for inspections compared to traditional visual inspections. It notes that dogs can detect bed bugs through all life stages, including in small crevices where humans cannot see. Dogs have been shown to detect bed bugs with 97% accuracy, while traditional inspections are only 40-60% accurate. The document also discusses the recent rise in bed bug infestations in various public places and living accommodations like hotels and dorms.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang tenses dalam bahasa Inggris, termasuk present tense, past tense, dan future tense. Diberikan penjelasan mengenai rumus dan contoh kalimat untuk setiap tenses. Juga dibahas mengenai subject dan verb agreement serta soal tenses dan singular plural dalam bahasa Inggris.
Majalah Kekuatan Sugesti Edisi Desember 2014Firman Pratama
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang bagaimana persepsi seseorang terhadap suatu peristiwa dapat menentukan apakah peristiwa itu dianggap sebagai masalah atau manfaat. Dokumen juga menjelaskan pentingnya mempelajari ilmu mengontrol pikiran untuk dapat mengubah persepsi negatif menjadi positif sehingga hidup dipenuhi manfaat.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang perbedaan antara present participle dan gerund dalam bahasa Inggris. Present participle berfungsi sebagai kata kerja dan kata sifat, sedangkan gerund hanya berfungsi sebagai kata benda. Perbedaan utama antara present participle dan gerund adalah present participle dapat diikuti oleh kata kerja "to be" sedangkan gerund tidak.
Dokumen ini membahas pendekatan berpikir kritis dan sistematis dalam menganalisis masalah, termasuk menggunakan pendekatan reaktif, antisipatif, dan generatif. Juga membahas teknik why-why analysis untuk mengidentifikasi akar masalah.
Elaborasi Pemahaman dan Rencana Aksi Nyata-KSE.pptxAbdulWafi65
Ppt elaborasi pemahaman cp dan rencana aksi nyata ini sangat dibutuhkan oleh seorang kasek dan dewan komite pembelajaran yang ikut Diklat psp kurikulum merdeka
Phrasal verbs adalah gabungan antara kata kerja dan kata depan atau keterangan yang membentuk arti baru. Phrasal verbs sering digunakan dalam percakapan bahasa Inggris dan penting dipelajari karena artinya. Pelajar akan kesulitan menterjemahkan kalimat tanpa memahami phrasal verbs.
Tenses and Conjuctions (For Indonesian students)Miftadia Laula
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang berbagai jenis waktu dalam bahasa Inggris seperti Simple Past Tense, Past Continuous Tense, Present Perfect Tense, Present Perfect Continuous Tense, dan penggunaan kata-kata seperti since, for, just, already, yet, used to, neither...nor, either...or, not only...but also, both...and, serta perbedaan penggunaan modal verb must dan have to."
Dokumen tersebut memberikan tips dan trik untuk menghadapi wawancara beasiswa pada tahun 2022. Terdiri dari tiga bagian utama yaitu tahapan pre-interview, whilst-interview, dan post-interview. Pada pre-interview dijelaskan persiapan yang harus dilakukan seperti mempelajari esai dan menyiapkan jawaban. Whilst-interview memberikan contoh strategi menjawab pertanyaan seperti tentang diri sendiri, kekuatan dan kelemahan
Rekrutmen merupakan komunikasi dua arah. Para pelamar menghendaki informasi yang akurat mengenai seperti apa rasanya bekerja di dalam sebuah organisasi. Sedangkan organisasi sangat menginginkan informasi yang akurat tentang pelamar tersebut jika kelak mereka menjadi karyawan.
Universitas Negeri Jakarta banyak melahirkan tokoh pendidikan yang memiliki pengaruh didunia pendidikan. Beberapa diantaranya ada didalam file presentasi
Teori Fungsionalisme Kulturalisasi Talcott Parsons (Dosen Pengampu : Khoirin ...nasrudienaulia
Dalam teori fungsionalisme kulturalisasi Talcott Parsons, konsep struktur sosial sangat erat hubungannya dengan kulturalisasi. Struktur sosial merujuk pada pola-pola hubungan sosial yang terorganisir dalam masyarakat, termasuk hierarki, peran, dan institusi yang mengatur interaksi antara individu. Hubungan antara konsep struktur sosial dan kulturalisasi dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut:
1. Pola Interaksi Sosial: Struktur sosial menentukan pola interaksi sosial antara individu dalam masyarakat. Pola-pola ini dipengaruhi oleh norma-norma budaya yang diinternalisasi oleh anggota masyarakat melalui proses sosialisasi. Dengan demikian, struktur sosial dan kulturalisasi saling memengaruhi dalam membentuk cara individu berinteraksi dan berperilaku.
2. Distribusi Kekuasaan dan Otoritas: Struktur sosial menentukan distribusi kekuasaan dan otoritas dalam masyarakat. Nilai-nilai budaya yang dianut oleh masyarakat juga memengaruhi bagaimana kekuasaan dan otoritas didistribusikan dalam struktur sosial. Kulturalisasi memainkan peran dalam melegitimasi sistem kekuasaan yang ada melalui nilai-nilai yang dianut oleh masyarakat.
3. Fungsi Sosial: Struktur sosial dan kulturalisasi saling terkait dalam menjalankan fungsi-fungsi sosial dalam masyarakat. Nilai-nilai budaya dan norma-norma yang terinternalisasi membentuk dasar bagi pelaksanaan fungsi-fungsi sosial yang diperlukan untuk menjaga keseimbangan dan stabilitas dalam masyarakat.
Dengan demikian, konsep struktur sosial dalam teori fungsionalisme kulturalisasi Parsons tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kulturalisasi karena keduanya saling berinteraksi dan saling memengaruhi dalam membentuk pola-pola hubungan sosial, distribusi kekuasaan, dan pelaksanaan fungsi-fungsi sosial dalam masyarakat.
Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 7 Fase D Kurikulum Merdeka - [abdiera.com]Fathan Emran
Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 7 SMP/MTs Fase D Kurikulum Merdeka - abdiera.com. Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 7 SMP/MTs Fase D Kurikulum Merdeka. Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 7 SMP/MTs Fase D Kurikulum Merdeka. Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 7 SMP/MTs Fase D Kurikulum Merdeka. Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 7 SMP/MTs Fase D Kurikulum Merdeka. Modul Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 7 SMP/MTs Fase D Kurikulum Merdeka.
Workshop "CSR & Community Development (ISO 26000)"_di BALI, 26-28 Juni 2024Kanaidi ken
Dlm wktu dekat, Pelatihan/WORKSHOP ”CSR/TJSL & Community Development (ISO 26000)” akn diselenggarakan di Swiss-BelHotel – BALI (26-28 Juni 2024)...
Dgn materi yg mupuni & Narasumber yg kompeten...akn banyak manfaat dan keuntungan yg didpt mengikuti Pelatihan menarik ini.
Boleh jga info ini👆 utk dishare_kan lgi kpda tmn2 lain/sanak keluarga yg sekiranya membutuhkan training tsb.
Smga Bermanfaat
Thanks Ken Kanaidi
1. Asking and giving advice and
suggestions
Asking Giving
What do you recomend we do about I would recommend that you
... ? ...
Waht would you advice us to do? My advice would be to ...
Do you have any suggestions? May I suggest that we ...
What would you do about ...? If I were you, I would ...
Accepting advice Rejecting advice
Yes, I agree with that. I'm sorry, i can't agree with that.
That sounds like a good idea! I don't think that's a good idea.
OK, why don't we do that. I don't think we should do that.
That's very interesting. That's very interesting, but ...
Necessity or Obligation
Sample sentences from the article:
Each of us has to finish two thick books….
…he was expected to complete…
Have to / Has to / Had to
Be expected to
These words express necessity or obligation. They usually indicate that
someone else has imposed conditions on us. For example:
2. I have to take out the garbage. (It’s something I must do now. My mother
told me to do it.)
I am expected to take out the garbage. (It’s a regular responsibility, a daily
chore that my parents have given me.)
A related expression is be supposed to.
I am supposed to clean my room. (I’m required to do it.)
In the negative, these expressions have different meanings. For example:
I don’t have to go to the dance this weekend. (There is no obligation. I can
choose to go or not.)
I’m not expected to go to the dance this weekend. (There is no expectation.
People will be surprised if I do go.)
I’m not supposed to go to the dance this weekend. (I’m prohibited from
going. It would probably be rude for me to go.)
Activities of living
The current model seeks to define 'what living means and categorises these
discoveries into Activities of Living (AL), in order to promote maximum independence,
through complete assessment leading to interventions that further support
independence in areas that may prove difficult or impossible for the individual on their
own.
The model assesses the individual's relative independence and potential for
independence in ALs,(considering their lifespan, development, and the five key factors
(see Factors below)) on a continuum ranging from complete dependence to complete
independence in order to determine what interventions will lead to increased
independence as well as what ongoing support is or will be required to compensate for
dependency. Its application requires that it be used throughout the engagement with the
patient (not only on admission) as an approach to problems and their resolution, and as
a tool to determine how the patient can be supported to learn about, cope with, adjust
and improve their own health and challenges.
The ALs themselves are frequently misunderstood or are assumed to have limited
scope, leading to dissatisfaction with the model, when one fails to recognise that the
3. ALs are more complex than the title would lead one to believe. For this reason, it is not
recommended in the model that it be used as a checklist, but rather as Roper states "As
a cognitive approach to the assessment and care of the patient, not on paper as a list of
boxes, but in the nurse's approach to and organisation of her care" ]and that nurses in
clinical practice deepen their knowledge and understanding of the model and its
application; it is essential that those using such a widespread tool be competent in its
correct application.
The ALs are listed as:
Maintaining a safe environment
Communication
Breathing
Eating and drinking
Elimination
Washing and dressing
Controlling temperature
Mobilisation
Working and playing
Expressing sexuality
Sleeping
Death and dying
These activities, outlining both the norm for the patient as well as any changes that may
have resulted from current changes in condition, are assessed on admission onto a
ward or service, and are reviewed as the patient progresses and as the care plan
evolves. To provide effective care, all of the patient's needs (which are determined by
assessing the patient's specific abilities and preferences relative to each activity, based
on the factors listed) must be met as practicably as possible through supporting the
patient to meet those needs independently or by providing the care directly, most
preferably by a combination of the two.
By considering changes in the dependence-independence continuum, one can see how
the patient is either improving or failing to improve, providing evidence either for or
against the current care plan and giving guidance as to the level of care the patient
does or may require. This value only results when the assessment is done frequently as
changes occur and if it is combined with health improvement and health promotion. It is
4. not effective in a paternalistic environment where all care is provided for an individual
even when self care is possible .
Past Tense
Dalam bahasa Inggris ada Past Tense, sedangkan bahasa Indonesia
kalaupun ada tak perlu dipelajari, karena kata kerjanya tidak berubah.
SepertiPresent Tense, makaPast Tense ini pun terbagi 4: Ada yang Simple
Past atau disebut Past Tense saja, ada yang Past Continuous Tense, Past
Prefect Tense dan Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
Inti dari Past Tense adalah untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang telah
“Lampau”. Lampau disini tak harus sudah lama-lama amat juga, pokoknya
sudah berlalu, sudah lewat. Itulah penekanannya. Mungkin kemarin, satu
jam lalu, 2 tahun lalu, 2 abad yang lalu, dan sebagainya. Semua itu sudah
“Past”. Setelah membaca uraian ini Anda pasti faham lebih dalam. Pasang
mata pasang telinga dan kuatkan niat ya, hehe..
Rumus Past Tense:
Positif: S + V2
Negatif: S + did not + V1
Tanya: Did + S + V1
Ingat, V2 maksud saya adalah Kata Kerja atau Verb bentuk ke-2. Tentang
kata kerja dapat Anda baca di Kata Kerja
Rumus Past Tense Rumit?
Benar! eh tidak, lanjutkan saja bacanya..
Anda resepkan dulu bahwa kata kerja bantu “DO” bentuk present DO,
bentuk keduanya (Bentuk Past) adalah DID. Kalau Present kan: I do not…
maka Past nya: I did not….
Yang barusan saya terangkan diatas tadi akan memudahkan Anda
mempelajari Past Tense ini untuk Kalimat yang Negatif dan Kalimat Tanya.
Ingat saja DO jadi DID. ingat.. ingat… hehe..
5. Contoh Kalimat Past Tense:
-I launched this blog on july 14th 2009
Artinya:
Saya meluncurkan atau launching blog ini tanggal 14 juli 2009.
Sudah lewat kan?
Kata kerjanya bentuk kedua “launched”, ini tergolong kata kerja beraturan,
tinggal tambahkan ED di belakang launch.
Contoh lagi:
Kita akan pakai kata kerja bentuk 1-2-3 berikut:
see – saw – seen (melihat)
buy – bought- bought (membeli)
go – went – gone (pergi)
-I saw her standing there (Saya lihat dia berdiri disana).
-My Father bought this car last year
-They went to Tokyo last month
-She went home two minutes ago
Semua itu sudah terjadi, sudah melihat, membeli mobilnya juga tahun lalu,
ke Tokyonya bulan lalu, pulangnya (went home) juga 2 menit yang lalu. Kita
gunakan Past Tense. Faham ya?
Kalimat Negatif Past Tense
Sesuai rumusnya: S + did + not + V1
Perhatikan dengan seksama, Kata kerjanya berubah lagi menjadi bentuk
pertama (V1). Lalu kata kerja bentuk past-nya kemana? Pindah ke DID nya
itu. Tadi kan diatas sudah saya bilang:
V1 -V2 – V3: Do – Did – Done
Jadi kita pakai “Did”. Karena negatif maka tambah “Not”. Jadi Did Not!
hehe..
Kalimat positif tadi, kita jadikan negatif:
-I saw her standing there
Menjadi: I did not see her standing there
6. Lihatlah saw jadi see lagi. See-saw-seen kan bentuk kata kerjanya?
Yes benar, berurusan dengan Past Tense maka Anda perlu mempunyai
banyak perbendaharaan Kata Kerja.
Positif: My Father bought this car last year
Negatif: My Father did not BUY this car last year
Anda coba yang dua ini ya:
-They went to Tokyo last month. Jadi ….
-She went home two minutes ago. Jadi ….
Kalimat Tanya Past Tense
Kalau Anda sudah tau kalimat negatif Past Tense maka kalimat tanya tinggal
dibalik mawon, DID nya di depan Subject.
Positif: My Father bought this car last year
Tanya: Did My Father BUY this car last year
Anda coba yang dua ini ya:
-They went to Tokyo last month. Jadi ….
-She went home two minutes ago. Jadi ….
Boleh saja Anda tambahkan dengan Where, When, Why dan sebagainya
seperti ini:
-When did my father buy this car?
-Why did they go to tokyo?
Demikianlah tentang Past Tense.
SIMPLE FUTURE
Di antara semua bentuk Future tenses, Simple Future adalah yang
paling umum, digunakan dalam banyak situasi seperti ketika membuat
janji, prediksi atau rencana. Future Tense disebut juga dengan Present
Future Tense
Simple Future Tense dibagi menjadi dua bentuk yaitu “Will/shall” dan
“going to” tetapi memiliki perbedaan penggunaan.
7. “going to” digunakan dalam mengucapkan suatu rencana tindakan yg
telah dibuat jauh2 sebelum berbicara.Juga digunakan untuk
mengungkapkan suatu prediksi berdasarkan tanda-tanda saat ini
(pasti terjadi kemungkinan besar)
“going to” juga dikenal dalam kata “gonna” yang sering digunakan
dalam situasi tidak resmi. PENTING : Hindari menggunakan kata
“gonna” dalam ujian bahasa inggris atau suasana resmi.
“will” digunakan dalam mengucapkan suatu rencana tindakan yang
baru saja kamu pikirkan/belum direncanakan/spontanitas saat
berbicara.juga digunakan untuk mengungkapkan ramalan yg akan
terjadi berdasarkan perhitungan atau perasaan (belum tentu
kepastiannya).
Will sering disingkat
will = „ill
Will not = won‟t
Will/shall juga sering digunakan dengan “problably, most likely, I think,
I‟m sure, I wonder (if, what, when, etc), I expect”
Rumus
Positif (+)
Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
Subject + am/is/are + going to + verb I + object
Negatif (-)
Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
Subject + am/is/are + not + going to + verb I + object
Tanya (?)
Will/shall + subject + verb I + object
Am/is/are + subject + going to + verb I + object
Contoh – Simple Future tense :
We will go to school soon (+)
8. - kita akan pergi ke sekolah segera
We will not go to school soon (-)
- kita tidak akan pergi ke sekolah segera
Will we go to school soon ? (?)
- apakah kita akan pergi ke sekolah segera
The students are going to have a test next month (+)
- para siswa akan menghadapi ujian bulan depan
The students are not going to have a test next (-)
- para siswa tidak akan menghadapi ujian bulan depan
Are the students going to have a test next month ? (?)
- Apakah para siswa akan menghadapi ujian bulan depan ?
Gerunds
Gerund adalah kata benda yang berasal dari kata kerja ditambah –ing,
misalnyaswimming, eating, fishing, shopping, dancing, dan singing. Bila
diperhatikan, gerundmempunyai bentuk yang sama dengan present
participle, bedanya gerund berfungsi sebagai kata benda, sedangkan present
participle sebagai kata sifat yang menerangkan kata benda.
Dalam kalimat, gerund berfungsi sebagai:
a. subjek (subject)
b. pelengkap subjek (subjective complement)
c. objek langsung (direct object)
d. objek preposisi (object of preposition)
e. aposisi (appositive)
Subject
Gerund sebagai subjek pokok kalimat, contoh:
- Swimming is good service.
- Your singing is very beautiful.
- Studying needs time and patience.
- Playing tennis is fun.
- Reading English is easier than speaking it.
9. Subjective Complement
Gerund sebagai pelengkap subjek dalam kalimat biasanya selalu didahului to
be yang terletak di antara subject dan subjective complement, contoh:
- My favorite sport is running.
- My favorite activity is reading.
Direct Object
Gerund sebagai objek langsung dalam kalimat, contoh:
- I enjoy dancing.
- She likes dancing.
- Thank you for your coming.
- I hate arguing.
Object of Preposition
Gerund sebagai objek preposisi yang terletak setelah preposisi. Preposisi
yang sering dipakai adalah of, on, no, with, without, at for, after, before,
because of, to, like, about, for, by, in.
Contoh:
- He is tired of gambling.
- I am fond of eating bakso.
- He insisted on seeing her.
- I have no objection to hearing your story.
- You will not be clever without studying.
- They are good at telling funny stories.
- In sleeping I met you in the park.
Appositive
Gerund sebagai aposisi atau penegas dalam kalimat, contoh:
- My hobby, fishing, is interesting.
- I do not like quarrelling, a useless job.
My hobby is fishing dan fishing is interesting diletakkan bersebelahan dalam
sebuah kalimat sebagai appositive (fishing adalah aposisi dari my hobby),
begitu juga contoh kalimat dibawahnya.
Present Continuous Tense
Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan, mengatakan (atau
apalah namanya itu istilahnya) suatu yang sedang terjadi saat ini, sedang
10. berlangsung saat ini. Misalnya: Saya sedang menulis sekarang, Anda saat ini
sedang membaca pelajaran Present Continuous Tense yang saya tulis, Saya
sedang jatuh cinta, dsb. Ada gambaran kan? Coba Anda sebutkan sendiri
contohnya 3 biji lagi. bisa kan? mudah kan? hehe..
Rumusnya:
Positif: S + Tobe + Ving
Negatif: S + Tobe+ Not+ Ving
Tanya: Tobe + S + Ving
Jangan bingung, “Ving” maksud saya adalah Verb + ing ya. Nanti dalam
pelajaran tenses yang lain saya akan menulis “Ving” ini berulang-kali.
Pastikan Anda mengingatnya ya. Kok tidak ditulis saja Verb+Ing? Ya bebas
dong, saya yang nulis ini, hehe..
Kalau “Tobe” nanti itu berganti dengan is, am, are. Tergantung pasangannya
apa. Dalam bahasa Inggris setiap Personal Pronoun atau Kata Ganti Orang
sudah ada pasangannya masing-masing. Present Continuous Tense tak akan
pernah lepas dari Tobe ini. Seperti ini nih jodohnya:
I am
She is, He is, It is, John is, Mufli is, dan sebagainya.
You are, We are, The are, John and Mufi are…
Present Continuous Tense ini digunakan jika kita menekankan pada
“Sekarang” nya itu. Kalau kegiatan yang berulang-ulang seperti “I go to
work everyday” nggak pake Present Continuous Tense tetapi Present
Tense saja ya.
Berikut ini contoh kalimat Present Continuous Tense sesuai dengan rumus
diatas:
- I am writing now (Saya sedang menulis sekarang)
- You are reading my article at present (Apa artinya?)
- She is waiting for you.
Ayo bikin contoh sendiri di dalam hati, lalu diucapkan sendiri, agar lancar
juga ngomongnya.
Kalimat Negatif Untuk Present Continuous Tense
11. Mudah saja kalimat Negatifnya, tinggal tambahkan NOT setelah Tobe. Ingat
rumusnya kan? Yes, Anda benar, rumusnya: S + Tobe + Not + Ving.
Kalimat yang diatas tadi akan saya jadikan kalimat negatif ya:
- I am NOT writing now (Saya sedang tidak menulis sekarang)
- You are NOT reading my article at present (Apa artinya?)
- She is NOT waiting for you.
Loh katanya tadi Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan
sesuatu yang SEDANG terjadi saat ini? Kalo negatif kan artinya yang TIDAK
SEDANG terjadi saat ini dong? Salah dong? Ya ndak lah.. Maksud saya,
kalimat negatif ini ya bentuk TIDAKnya. Gitu aja kok repot!, haha..
Mari kita lanjutkan!
Kalimat Tanya Present Continuous Tense
Gampang pulak nih, tinggal Tobenya taruh depan, jadi deh. Ingat rumusnya
kan? Harus ingat nih rumus, karena tidak bisa pake kalkulator untuk urusan
rumus tenses ini. Kalau Anda sering praktekkan, sering pake maka rumus ini
meresep sendiri di dalam otak Anda, hilang menjadi ketrampilan otomatis.
Sebelum itu terjadi maka silahkan install rumus ini dengan cara
memahaminya dan menggunakannya sesering mungkin. Pasti deh Anda
bisa.
Ini nih contoh Kalimat Tanya dalam Present Continuous Tense, saya pake
contoh kalimat yang diatas tadi tetapi untuk bertanya:
- Are you writing now? (Apakah kamu sedang menulis sekarang?)
- Are You reading my article at present? (Apa artinya?)
- Is She waiting for you.
Nah itu dia, tinggal tambakan tobe sesuai pasangannya. Dan selalu ingat
untuk Present Continuous Tense selalu pakai kata kerja bentuk ING, maksud
saya kata kerja tambah ING. Kata kerja itu bahasa Inggrisnya Verb. Saya
singkat V, karena tambah Ing saya singkat lagi “Ving”. Inga inga! hehe..
So pasti bisa juga mengguanakan Kata Ganti Penanya seperti What, Where,
Which, Why, Who dan sebagainya dalam kalimat tanya ini. Contohnya
begini:
12. -What are you writing now? (Lagi nulis apaan kamu sekarang?)
-What are you reading (lagi baca apa Anda?)
-Who is She waiting for (Doi lagi nungguin siapa?)
Begitulah basicnya tentang Present Continuous Tense ini. Inti
dari Continuousitu adalah “Sedang”, atau katakanlah sedang berlanjut
(seperti arti katanya), sedang terjadi.
Tetapi, “Sedang” itu bisa bisa jadi tidak sekarang loh ya. Ada juga “sedang”
tetapi kemarin. Nah loh!. Ini namanya Past Continuous Tense. Sebagai
contoh pengantar misalnya gini: “Waktu istriku datang dari pasar KEMARIN,
Saya kebetulan banget SEDANG tidur, jadi nda bisa bantu bukain pintu,
untung anak saya yang kedua belum berangkat sekolah”. Tuh, kan sedang
juga, tetapi kemarin.
Anda menangkap bedanya kan? Semoga. Kalo masih bingung coba baca
contoh di atas sekali lagi dan renung-renungkan dulu!, hehe..
Continuous atau “Sedang” tetapi BESOK atau sedang tetapi akan
datang juga ada loh. Anda mau ke rumah saya besok jam 9? Oh jangan,
karena jam segitu besok itu saya akan SEDANG tidur!. Tuh.. sedangnya
BESOK kan? Ini dapat Anda pelajari dalam Future Continuous Tense.
Sedangkan topik yang satu ini adalah tentang SEDANG SEKARANG alias
Present Continuouse Tense. Present itu artinya “kini, atau sekarang”.
Contoh lagi deh untuk Present Continuous Tense:
Saya sedang berpartisipasi dalam kontes SEO. Bahasa inggrisnya: “I am
participating a SEO Contest”. Walapun memang saat ini saya sedang
menulis artikel bahasa Inggris ini, maksud saya tidak melulu sedang di
panggung contest itu, yang ditekankan adalah PROSESnya bahwa saya
SEDANG mengikuti kontes itu. Kontes itu belum usai, sedang dalam
progress. Kontes apa sih? Kontes berhadiah jutaan rupiah ini loh, temanya
ini nih, baca ya: Stop Dreaming Start Action
Saya rasa kata motivasi Stop Dreaming Start Action tersebut sangat relevan
jika dihubungkan dengan proses belajar bahasa Inggris, terutama belajar
tenses. Karena banyak orang yang mimpi doang pengen lancar bahasa
inggris, tetapi males belajar tenses, haha..
Mohon doa restu dan dukungan ya, kalau Anda berkenan cara mendukung
saya dalam kontes itu adalah dengan memberi backlink dari blog Anda ke
artikel saya Stop Dreaming Start Action tadi.