The Likupang area, North Sulawesi is one of the super priority tourist destinations launched by the Central Government with the marine tourism sector as the axis. On the other hand, the potential for natural disasters originating from the sea is unavoidable so it needs to be one of the considerations in the process of developing disaster-responsive tourist areas. A tsunami hazard analysis study is first step in disaster mitigation planning. The study is in the form of tsunami modeling by identifying the worst possible scenario in the Likupang area using COMMIT modeling. The modeling is able to produce parameters such as arrival time, maximum height and tsunami inundation area. These three parameters are used as the basis for mapping the tsunami hazard map. The modeling produces the fastest arrival time, which occurs in the first minute after an earthquake occurs. The maximum height obtained from the modeling is 6.8 meters. The maximum inundation area reached by the tsunami wave is 23.57 km2. The combined results of the five scenarios are presented in hazard maps. The majority of public tourist sites are in the Warning status area, but some private resorts are still in the area with the Major Warning status.
Tsunami risk assessment of sandwip island in the coast of bangladesh using gi...eSAT Journals
Abstract The threat of tsunami on the coastal region of Bangladesh has emerged after the Great Indian Ocean earthquake in 2004. Previously, it was thought that Bangladesh is beyond the threat of tsunami but the devastating Indian Ocean tsunami has raised the need for assessing tsunami risk on Bangladesh coast, since about 32 percent of the people live in these areas. A number of geological faults have been identified in the vicinity of Bay of Bengal; which are currently being considered for potential sources of underwater earthquake. For this study, the guidelines from Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) is followed which includes assessing the hazard, vulnerability and final risk due to tsunami. GIS analysis was performed on the tsunami hazard map to find the ultimate risk. From the analysis it was found that a minimum of about 60 percent of people in the shelter units which are susceptible to potential inundation are at risk to lose their lives. With rise of inundation heights, the percentage of possible loss of people also rises accordingly. Again a night-time tsunami poses more threat to people than a day-time tsunami. It was focused to combine the results of hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment for a community in the coastal belt of Bangladesh. Keywords: IOC Guidelines, Day and Night Time Tsunami, Risk Mapping
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Sea level rise impact modelling on small islands: case study gili raja island...Luhur Moekti Prayogo
Coastal regions and small islands are areas that will be adversely affected by the phenomenon of sea level rise globally. In general, Sea Level Rise (SLR) will result in coastal impacts as follows: increased frequency and intensity of floods, changes in ocean currents and widespread intrusion of sea water. This research was conducted in Gili Raja Island of Sumenep Madura. Objectives of this research were to demonstrate the ability of combining remote sensing and GIS method to determine the impact of SLR on a small island and to model its scale using different scenario. GIS based run-up model were performed to estimate and predict the impact of SLR to the island’s area. Three water level scenario (0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.5 m) were applied. The results showed that in the first scenario 8.73% of the island was flooded by sea water, furthermore in two other scenario the flooded area was increase significantly (15.88% and 22.38%).
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
DSD-INT 2021 Development of an operational tide and storm surge forecasting -...Deltares
Presentation by Narongrit Luangdilok, Hydro Informatics Institute, at the Delft-FEWS User Days (Day 1), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2021. Monday, 8 November 2021.
Tsunami risk assessment of sandwip island in the coast of bangladesh using gi...eSAT Journals
Abstract The threat of tsunami on the coastal region of Bangladesh has emerged after the Great Indian Ocean earthquake in 2004. Previously, it was thought that Bangladesh is beyond the threat of tsunami but the devastating Indian Ocean tsunami has raised the need for assessing tsunami risk on Bangladesh coast, since about 32 percent of the people live in these areas. A number of geological faults have been identified in the vicinity of Bay of Bengal; which are currently being considered for potential sources of underwater earthquake. For this study, the guidelines from Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) is followed which includes assessing the hazard, vulnerability and final risk due to tsunami. GIS analysis was performed on the tsunami hazard map to find the ultimate risk. From the analysis it was found that a minimum of about 60 percent of people in the shelter units which are susceptible to potential inundation are at risk to lose their lives. With rise of inundation heights, the percentage of possible loss of people also rises accordingly. Again a night-time tsunami poses more threat to people than a day-time tsunami. It was focused to combine the results of hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment for a community in the coastal belt of Bangladesh. Keywords: IOC Guidelines, Day and Night Time Tsunami, Risk Mapping
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Sea level rise impact modelling on small islands: case study gili raja island...Luhur Moekti Prayogo
Coastal regions and small islands are areas that will be adversely affected by the phenomenon of sea level rise globally. In general, Sea Level Rise (SLR) will result in coastal impacts as follows: increased frequency and intensity of floods, changes in ocean currents and widespread intrusion of sea water. This research was conducted in Gili Raja Island of Sumenep Madura. Objectives of this research were to demonstrate the ability of combining remote sensing and GIS method to determine the impact of SLR on a small island and to model its scale using different scenario. GIS based run-up model were performed to estimate and predict the impact of SLR to the island’s area. Three water level scenario (0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.5 m) were applied. The results showed that in the first scenario 8.73% of the island was flooded by sea water, furthermore in two other scenario the flooded area was increase significantly (15.88% and 22.38%).
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
DSD-INT 2021 Development of an operational tide and storm surge forecasting -...Deltares
Presentation by Narongrit Luangdilok, Hydro Informatics Institute, at the Delft-FEWS User Days (Day 1), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2021. Monday, 8 November 2021.
News & events national level mock drill by disaster managementAndaman Excursion
To further strengthen disaster management readiness, emergency response and to inculcate the spirit of disaster preparedness among the people news & events national level mock drill by disaster management
Seawater Intrusion Vulnerability Assessment of a Coastal Aquifer: North Coast...IJERA Editor
Groundwater pollution in the north coast of Mombasa is not only from surface sources but also from the
intrusion of seawater via the Indian Ocean and creeks. This study assessed the vulnerability of the coastal aquifer
to seawater intrusion using GALDIT index overlay method with the aid of GIS. Thematic maps of six major
factors affecting seawater intrusion were prepared, and given appropriate weightages and ratings. These maps
were overlaid, spatially analyzed to produce vulnerability maps and described based on low, moderate or high
vulnerabilities. The results revealed a significant increase in percentage land cover for low vulnerability areas
and a slight increase for high vulnerability regions between the pre-rains and the peak of raining season. The
outcomes of this study provide useful insights on effective groundwater management for the study area.
APPLICATION OF DATA MINING TECHNIQUE TO PREDICT LANDSLIDES IN SRI LANKAIJDKP
Landslides are the major natural disaster in hill country of Sri Lanka, which create terrible economical and ecological damages. Therefore, the fast detection is important. Currently in Sri Lanka,predict landslides based on a map reading approach. But a map is limited to specific point in time, and do not take current conditions into account. Therefore, develop a model/tool which has ability to efficiently deal with current situation is important.
Natural Disaster (Tsunami) and Its Socio Economic and Environmental Impact – ...IJERA Editor
Natural Disaster (Tsunami) and Its Socio Economic And Environmental Impact – A Case Study Of
Kanyakumari Coast”. Kanyakumari is the southernmost district of Tamil Nadu. The software Arc Gis are used
to demarcate the Natural Disaster ( Tsunami) and its socio Economic and Environment Impact. The district lies
between longitudes is 77˚15‟ E 77˚36‟ Eastern longitudes. The Latitudes is 8˚03‟ N to 8˚35‟ Northern
latitudes.The District is bound by Tirunelveli District on the North and the East. The South Eastern boundary is
the Gulf of Manner. On the South and the South West, the boundaries are the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea.
On the West and Northwest it is bounded by Kerala. The Kanyakumari District total areas area is 1430.3Km.
The Coastal Villages elevations are 5 meter to 50 meter above mean sea level.Tirunelveli linked with the
Kanyakumari city by both road and railways. It is located south of Trichy at distance of 335km .Kanyakumari
was formed 1835 AD. It has an area of 1671.3 Km2 with 16.76 Lakh populations as per 2011 Census. The study
made by the researcher confirmed the various relief measures carried out in the affected areas in general and in
Agashteeshwaram Taluk in Kanyakumari measures be programmed in such a way that they facilities of their
livelihood besides regaining their aspirations of life.
Tropical storms disaster management- USA vs IndiaMrinmayiAlandkar
A tropical storm is a common natural disaster in the USA and India. However, it's interesting to see the difference in the way these two countries deal with their management. The following presentation talks about measures taken by these two countries while disaster management. All the references are mentioned in the slides on the go so for more information you can check them out as well.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Flood Monitoring and Flood Risk Assessment in Agenebode, Edo State, NigeriaIJERA Editor
Flooding is a serious natural disaster that has become a recurrent event in many parts of the world causing huge loss of lives and properties. This study analyses flood risk potential in Agenebode, Edo state, Nigeria. Flood frequency analysis was carried out on discharge data from the River Niger at Onitsha from 1960-2006 as the discharge from this river is the primary cause of flooding of the study area. Log-Normal, Log-Pearson Type III and Gumbel probability distribution models were used to test for the most appropriate projection for discharge for different return periods.From the analysis, Log-normal distribution was selected as the most appropriate probability distribution for the series in order to determine projected flows for the river for different return periods. The rainfall pattern for the study area was analysed using gauge values for the period 1983-2010. Flood hazard assessment was carried out with the aid of ArcMap using the topographical feature data of the area, Digital Elevation Model obtained from Shuttle Radar Topographical Mission (SRTM) hole-filled seamless data and historical records of the previous flood occurrence. A flood hazard map produced indicated that about 1.8 km2 (72% of the total built-up area) of the area is at risk of flooding putting approximately 481 people at direct risk of flooding. This information is useful for providing ameliorative resources for the inhabitants in the event of a flood occurrence.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The Statutory Interpretation of Renewable Energy Based on Syllogism of Britis...AI Publications
The current production for energy consumption generates harmful impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment causing instability to sustainable development goals. The constitutional reforms of British Government serve to be an important means of resolving any encountered incompatibilities to political environment. This study aims to evaluate green economy using developed equation for renewable energy towards political polarization of corporate governance. The Kano Model Assessment is used to measure the equivalency of 1970 Patents Act to UK Intellectual Property tabulating the criteria for the fulfillment of sustainable development goals in respect to the environment, artificial intelligence, and dynamic dichotomy of administrative agencies and presidential restriction, as statutory interpretation development to renewable energy. The constitutional forms of British government satisfy the sustainable development goals needed to fight climate change, advocate healthy ecosystem, promote leadership of magnates, and delegate responsibilities towards green economy. The presidential partisanship must be observed to delineate parties of concerns and execute the government prescriptions in equivalence to the dichotomous relationship of technology and the environment in fulfilling the rights and privileges of all citizens. Hence, the political elites can execute corporate governance towards sustainable development of renewable energy promoting environmental parks and zero emission target of carbon dioxide discharges. The economic theory developed in statutory interpretation for renewable energy serves as a tool to reduce detrimental impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment, mitigate climate change, and produce artefacts of bioenergy and artificial intelligence promoting sustainable development. It is suggested to explore other vulnerabilities of artificial intelligence to prosper economic success.
Enhancement of Aqueous Solubility of Piroxicam Using Solvent Deposition SystemAI Publications
Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is characterized by low solubility-high permeability. The present study was designed to improve the dissolution rate of piroxicam at the physiological pH's through its increased solubility by using solvent deposition system.
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Seawater Intrusion Vulnerability Assessment of a Coastal Aquifer: North Coast...IJERA Editor
Groundwater pollution in the north coast of Mombasa is not only from surface sources but also from the
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APPLICATION OF DATA MINING TECHNIQUE TO PREDICT LANDSLIDES IN SRI LANKAIJDKP
Landslides are the major natural disaster in hill country of Sri Lanka, which create terrible economical and ecological damages. Therefore, the fast detection is important. Currently in Sri Lanka,predict landslides based on a map reading approach. But a map is limited to specific point in time, and do not take current conditions into account. Therefore, develop a model/tool which has ability to efficiently deal with current situation is important.
Natural Disaster (Tsunami) and Its Socio Economic and Environmental Impact – ...IJERA Editor
Natural Disaster (Tsunami) and Its Socio Economic And Environmental Impact – A Case Study Of
Kanyakumari Coast”. Kanyakumari is the southernmost district of Tamil Nadu. The software Arc Gis are used
to demarcate the Natural Disaster ( Tsunami) and its socio Economic and Environment Impact. The district lies
between longitudes is 77˚15‟ E 77˚36‟ Eastern longitudes. The Latitudes is 8˚03‟ N to 8˚35‟ Northern
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the Gulf of Manner. On the South and the South West, the boundaries are the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea.
On the West and Northwest it is bounded by Kerala. The Kanyakumari District total areas area is 1430.3Km.
The Coastal Villages elevations are 5 meter to 50 meter above mean sea level.Tirunelveli linked with the
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was formed 1835 AD. It has an area of 1671.3 Km2 with 16.76 Lakh populations as per 2011 Census. The study
made by the researcher confirmed the various relief measures carried out in the affected areas in general and in
Agashteeshwaram Taluk in Kanyakumari measures be programmed in such a way that they facilities of their
livelihood besides regaining their aspirations of life.
Tropical storms disaster management- USA vs IndiaMrinmayiAlandkar
A tropical storm is a common natural disaster in the USA and India. However, it's interesting to see the difference in the way these two countries deal with their management. The following presentation talks about measures taken by these two countries while disaster management. All the references are mentioned in the slides on the go so for more information you can check them out as well.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
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The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
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The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
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A Study on Performance of the Karnataka State Cooperative Agriculture & Rural...AI Publications
The Karnataka State Co-operative Agriculture and Rural Development Bank Limited is the apex bank of all the primary co-operative agriculture and rural development banks in the state. All the PCARD Banks in the state are affiliated to it. The KSCARD Bank provides financial accommodation to the PCARD Banks for their lending operations. In order to quick sanction and disbursement of loans and supervision over the PCARD Banks the KSCARD Bank has opened district level branches. Bank has established Women Development Cell to promote entrepreneurship among women in 2005. The Bank is identifying women borrowers in the rural areas by assigning suitable projects to motivate their self-confidence to lead independent life. Progress made in financing women entrepreneurs women.
Breast hamartoma is a rare, well-circumscribed, benign lesion made up of a variable quantity of glandular, adipose and fibrous tissue. This is a lesion that can affect women at any age from puberty. With the increasingly frequent use of imaging methods such as mammography and ultrasound as well as breast biopsy, cases of hamartoma diagnosed are increasing. The diagnosis of these lesions is made by mammography. The histological and radiological aspects are variable and depend on its adipose tissue content. The identification of these lesions is important in order to avoid surgical excisions. We report radio-clinical and pathological records of breast hamartoma.
A retrospective study on ovarian cancer with a median follow-up of 36 months ...AI Publications
Ovarian cancer is relatively common but serious and has a poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to highlight the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of this malignant pathology managed at the Bejaia university hospital center. This is a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 3 years (2019 - 2022) carried out on 20 patients who developed ovarian cancer. The average age of the patients was 50 years old, 53.23% of whom were over 45 years old. The CA-125 blood test was positive in 18 out of 20 patients. The tumors were discovered on ultrasound in 87.10% of cases and at laparotomy in 12.90%. Total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy was the most performed procedure (64.52%). The early postoperative course was simple. 15 patients underwent second look surgery (16.13%) for locoregional recurrences. Epithelial tumors were the most frequent histological type (93.55%), including 79% in the advanced stage ( IIIc -IV) and 21% in the early stage (Ia- Ib ). Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 80% of patients. With a median follow-up of 36 months, 2 patients were lost to follow-up. The evolution was favorable in 27.42% and in 25.81% deaths occurred late postoperatively. Ovarian cancer is not common but serious given the advanced stages and the high rate of late postoperative deaths which were largely observed in patients deprived of adequate neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy.
More analysis on environment protection and sustainable agriculture - A case ...AI Publications
This study presents a case of tea and coffee crops , esp. environment protection and sustainable agriculture in Son La and Thai Nguyen of Vietnam. Research results show us that The process of having an agricultural product goes through many steps such as planting, planning, harvesting, packing, transporting, storing and distributing. - The State adopts policies to encourage innovation of agricultural production models and methods towards sustainability, adapting to climate change, saving water, and limiting the use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. chemicals and products for environmental treatment in agriculture; develop environmentally friendly agricultural models. Our research limitation is that we can expand for other crops, industries and markets as well.
Assessment of Growth and Yield Performance of Twelve Different Rice Varieties...AI Publications
The present investigation entitled “Assessment of growth and yield performance of twelve different rice varieties under north Konkan coastal zone of Maharashtra” was carried out during the kharif season of the year 2021 and 2022 on the field of ASPEE, Agricultural Research and Development Foundation, Tansa Farm, At Nare, Taluka Wada, District Palghar, Maharashtra, India. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD). The twelve varieties namely Zini, Jaya, Dandi, Rahghudya, Govindbhog, Dangi, Gurjari, VNR-7, VNR-8, VNR-9, Karjat-3, and Karjat-5 were replicated thrice. The plant height (cm), number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, number of panicles (m²), and length of panicle (cm) were noted to the maximum with cv. “VNR-7”. The highest number of seeds per panicle, test weight (gm), grain yield (q/ha), and straw yield (q/ha) were recorded with the cv. “VNR-7”. While the lowest number of days to 50% flowering was also recorded with cv. “VNR-7” during the year 2021 and 2022.
Cultivating Proactive Cybersecurity Culture among IT Professional to Combat E...AI Publications
In the current digital landscape, cybercriminals continually evolve their techniques to execute successful attacks on businesses, thus posing a great challenge to information technology (IT) professionals. While traditional cybersecurity approaches like layered defense and reactive security have helped IT professionals cope with traditional threats, they are ineffective in dealing with evolving cyberattacks. This paper focuses on the need for a proactive cybersecurity culture among IT professionals to enable them combat evolving threats. The paper emphasis that building a proactive security approach and culture can help among IT professionals anticipate, identify, and mitigate latent threats prior to them exploiting existing vulnerabilities. This paper also points out that as IT professionals use reactive security when dealing with traditional attacks, they can use it collaboratively with proactive security to effectively protect their networks, data, and systems and avoid heavy costs of dealing with cyberattack’s aftermaths and business recovery.
The Impacts of Viral Hepatitis on Liver Enzymes and BilrubinAI Publications
Viral hepatitis is an infection that causes liver inflammation and damage. Several different viruses cause hepatitis, including hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. The hepatitis A and E viruses typically cause acute infections. The hepatitis B, C, and D viruses can cause acute and chronic infections. Hepatitis A causes only acute infection and typically gets better without treatment after a few weeks. The hepatitis A virus spreads through contact with an infected person’s stool. Protection by getting the hepatitis A vaccine. Hepatitis E is typically an acute infection that gets better without treatment after several weeks. Some types of hepatitis E virus are spread by drinking water contaminated by an infected person’s stool. Other types are spread by eating undercooked pork or wild game. Hepatitis B can cause acute or chronic infection. Recommendation for screening for hepatitis B in pregnant women or in those with a high chance of being infected. Protection from hepatitis B by getting the hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis C can cause acute or chronic infection. Doctors usually recommend one-time screening of all adults ages 18 to 79 for hepatitis C. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent liver damage. The hepatitis D virus is unusual because it can only infect those who have a hepatitis B virus infection. A coinfection occurs when both hepatitis D and hepatitis B infections at the same time. A superinfection occurs already have chronic hepatitis B and then become infected with hepatitis D. The aim of this study is to find the effect of each type of viral hepatitis on the bilirubin (TB , DSB) , and liver enzymes; AST, ALT, ALP,GGT among viral hepatitis patients. 200 patients were selected from the viral hepatitis units in the central public health laboratory in Baghdad city, all the chosen cases were confirmed as a positive samples , they are classified into four equal group each with fifty individual and with a single serological viral hepatitis type either; anti-HAV( IgM ) , HBs Ag , anti-HCV ,or anti-HEV(IgM ). All patients were tested for; serum bilirubin ( TB ,D.SB ) , AST , ALT , ALP , GGT. Another fifty quite healthy and normal person was selected as a control group for comparison. . Liver enzymes and bilirubin changes are more pronounced in HAV, HEV than HCV and HBVAST and ALT lack some sensitivity in detecting HCV ,HBV and mild elevations of ALT or AST in asymptomatic patients can be evaluated efficiently by considering ,hepatitis B, hepatitis C. ALT is generally a more sensitive indicator of acute liver cell damage than AST, It is relatively specific for hepatocyte necrosis with a marked elevations in viral hepatitis. Liver enzymes and bilirubin changes are more pronounced in HAV, HEV than HCV and HBV.AST and ALT lack some sensitivity in detecting HCV ,HBV and mild elevations of ALT or AST in asymptomatic patients can be evaluated efficiently by considering ,hepatitis B, hepatitis C. ALT is generally a more sensitive indicator of acute liver
Determinants of Women Empowerment in Bishoftu Town; Oromia Regional State of ...AI Publications
The purpose of this study was to determine the status of women's empowerment and its determinants using women's asset endowment and decision-making potential as indicators. To determine representative sample size, this study used a two-stage sampling technique, and 122 sample respondents were selected at random. To analyze the data in this study, descriptive statistics and a probit model were used. The average women's empowerment index was 0.41, indicating a relatively lower status of women's empowerment in the study area. According to the study's findings, only 40.9% of women were empowered, while the remaining 59.1% were not. The probit model results show that women's access to the media, women's income, and their husbands' education status have a significant and positive impact on the status of women's empowerment, while the family size of households has a negative impact. As a result, it is important to enhance women's access to the media and income, promote family planning and contraception, and improve men's educational status in order to improve the status of women's empowerment.
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
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The North Sulawesi region is not an exception. In 2019,
the BMKG issued two early tsunami warnings, each in
the Maluku Sea with the same magnitude of 7.1. The
earthquake's tremors were felt in most areas of the
northern Sulawesi peninsula and caused mass panic.
The tsunami was recorded in Bitung with less than one-
meter height [4].
The development of the tourism sector is one of the
contributors to the national economy, especially in
increasing the country's foreign exchange and in the
local sphere can advance the community's economy
around tourist areas [14]. Given these important factors,
the development of the tourism sector should be
carried out with good planning to provide optimal
benefits.
The statement above reinforces the important factor in
making a disaster response system where in this
research will be carried out in the coastal area of
Likupang. The disaster response system is an integrated
system carried out when a disaster occurs to reduce the
impact caused, especially victims and then property. A
disaster response system requires comprehensive
planning starting from the potential threats to tourist
areas to produce a further consideration of decisions
taken in making a disaster response system which is
commonly referred to as a disaster mitigation plan [5]
[15].
This research will carry out a series of activities to
support decisions on disaster mitigation systems in
tourist areas in Likupang, North Sulawesi, among
others, by modeling a tsunami with several possible
worst-case scenarios that may occur around the
research area for hazard analysis based on the modeling
results in the form of arrival time, tsunami height, and
tsunami inundation.
II. METHODS
In general, the scope of the research area covers the
entire coast of the East Likupang sub-district as the
center of the tourist area. The observation points are
placed in several public and private tourist attractions
with the coordinates attached to the table 1
Table 1 The coordinate of observation point
Observation Point Name Latitude Longitude
1 Kalinaun Resort 1°37’28.009” 125°8’41.662”
2 Sampiran Beach 1°37’32.585” 125°8’49.121”
3 Paal Beach 1°39’5.17” 125°9’42.88”
4 Pulisan Jungle Beach
Resort
1°39’55.238” 125°9’48.571”
5 Pulisan Beach 1°40’56.654” 125°8’49.776”
6 Surabaya Beach 1°39’52.373” 125°6’23.378”
7 Murex Resort 1°44’8.387” 125°9’0.018”
8 Blue Bay Divers Resort 1°44’41.996” 125°9’20.959”
9 Mimpi Indah Resort 1°46’6.503” 125°9’57.794”
10 Bastianos Resort 1°44’27.24” 125°8’44.16”
11 Coral Eye Resort 1°45’4.198” 125°8’1.388”
Tsunami modeling was carried out with ComMIT.
ComMIT is a web-based community tsunami model
designed by the NOAA institution. The ComMIT system
uses a precomputed database with a user-friendly
interface and a MOST (Method of Splitting Tsunamis)
modeling base [6]. ComMIT data set comes from 2
(two) sources. First, Bathymetry of 1 arc-minutes
ETOPO1 produced by NOAA's National Geophysical Data
Center. This data has been interpolated from 60 arc-
second to 3 arc-second to match the topographic data
set. Second, the topography is derived from the CGIAR
SRTM 90m version 4 digital elevation model produced
by the CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information.
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The modeling scenario includes five scenarios, namely
North Sulawesi subduction, Philippine subduction, West
Maluku Sea subduction, East Maluku Sea subduction,
and Sulu subduction. The magnitude of the earthquake
source is taken from various studies with the provisions
of the largest magnitude [7] [8], assuming that it will
have the worst impact in the research area. The fault
geometry parameter, namely strike (the angle formed
by the fault direction relative to the north direction
(calculated clockwise)), will be taken from the database
source from the tsunami history of each subduction
location [9]. Meanwhile, the highest values for dip and
rake were taken, namely, dip of 45° and rake of 90°,
assuming that the earthquake mechanism was purely an
upward fault. The area of the fault plane was typed
manually in the ComMIT software according to the
Scaling [10] Law, Wells & Coppersmith formula. The
scenario of the earthquake and tsunami generator is
attached in Table 2.
Table 2 Tsunami Generator Earthquake Scenario
Scenario Subduction M L (km) W (km) U (m) Strike
1a
1b
Northern Sulawesi
Northern Sulawesi
8.5 250
74
75
75
15
15
92
231
2 West Molucca Sea 8.5 324 75 15 248
3 East Molucca Sea 8.1 190 51 9 231
4 Fillipina 8.2 217 56 10 330
5 Sulu 8.5 324 75 15 314
In preparing the tsunami hazard map, the components
of the modeling results are mapped using GIS tools. The
modeling results in arrival time, tsunami height, and
tsunami inundation are then divided into 3 hazard
classes, namely major warnings, warnings, and advisory
[11], described in the Table 3.
Table 3 Components of the Tsunami Hazard Index
No Alert Status Tsunami
Wave
Height
Suggestions
1 Major
Warning
>3 meters Evacuate!
2 Warning 0.5 – 3
meters
Evacuate!
3 Advisory <0.5 meter Stay away
from beach
and
riverbank.
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The arrival time of the COMMIT modeling results is
presented in Fig. 1 below.
Fig 1. Tsunami Wave Arrival Time Chart
In general, it can be seen from the chart indicated that
the scenarios that produce arrival times are sequentially
from the fastest, namely the second, first, third, fourth,
and fifth scenarios. The modeling results show that the
fastest arrival time for each observation point is in the
second scenario. The arrival time required for the
tsunami waves to reach the twelve points is 1 minute.
The second scenario is the source of an earthquake in
the western part of the Maluku Sea with an estimated
maximum magnitude of 8.5.
The modeling results cannot be proven concretely
because so far, there has been no record of past
tsunami events that hit the coastal area of Likupang.
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Considering the results of modeling that have been
carried out with an average arrival time of around one
minute at observation points, the decision to wait for an
evacuation order from the competent government is
irrelevant. The GITEWS organization in the “Tsunami
Evacuation Planning Handbook” [12] provides a solution
for self-evacuating. Self-evacuation is a community
initiative that responds to earthquakes and tsunami.
Armed with an understanding of the dangers of
earthquakes and tsunamis, people, especially coastal
areas, who feel an earthquake with a relatively strong
vibration of more than 20 seconds are urged to carry
out self-evacuation by securing themselves to a high
place.
The modeling also produces parameters for the
estimated tsunami height. The tsunami height described
in this study is focused on the maximum height
generated by the tsunami waves entering the coastal
area. The tsunami height obtained by COMMIT
modeling is presented in Fig.2.
Fig 2. Tsunami Height Chart
The maximum height obtained from the observations is
generated from the second scenario modeling, which is
in the western part of the Maluku Sea with an
earthquake magnitude of 8.5. The height obtained is in
the range of 200-600 cm.
The height of the tsunami which has a maximum
potential at the alert level accompanied by a very short
probability of arrival time are two important points for
considering what type of evacuation tends to be
recommended [16]. Horizontal evacuation which is the
type that is more familiar to the community. This type
emphasizes the strength of the furthest distance that
can be reached away from the beach with limited time
needed to reach a safe point. Meanwhile, vertical
evacuation is a type that requires a higher cost because
it is based on the construction of structures / buildings
with disaster resistance and heights that exceed the
high probability of a tsunami.
The tsunami inundation is the furthest distance traveled
by a tsunami that reaches land. Concerning an
irregularly shaped area, the COMMIT model represents
the tsunami inundation in space units (km2) regarding
grid A covering the entire research area. The following
table of tsunami inundations based on each scenario.
Table 4 Inundation Area based on Tsunami Modeling
Scenario Inundation Area
(km2
)
1 10.77
2 23.57
3 4.42
4 3.24
5 7.62
Based on Table 4 above, it can be seen that the five
earthquake sources have a probability of having a
relatively significant impact on the tsunami inundation.
The second scenario, in particular, provides the most
considerable immersion area impact. This shows that
the source of the earthquake in the second scenario has
the most significant potential to cause tsunami damage.
Tsunami inundation obtained from the modeling results
in this study does not involve land cover differences
according to the field due to modeling limitations. The
modeling is equated to one roughness model, namely
the type of soil with a value of 0.009.
Information on tsunami inundation at an advanced level
can be used as a reference as a horizontal evacuation
route, especially decision-makers can see blind spots
that are not affected by the tsunami to be used as an
efficient and effective evacuation site.
East Likupang District has 18 villages with a geographical
structure consisting of coastal villages, mainland
villages, and villages on separate islands, namely Bangka
Island [13]. The hazard level map shown in Fig 3 shows
the hazard level, which varies with the predominance of
the Alert status. Villages included in the Major Warning
level include Lihunu, Kahuku, Likupang Satu and
Sarawet. Meanwhile, the remaining coastal villages,
namely Pinenek, Runondoran, Kalinaun, Marinsow,
Pulisan, Maen, Wineru, and Kampung Ambong, are at
the Warning level.
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Fig 3. Tsunami Hazard Map of East Likupang District
The level of tsunami hazard in the East Likupang sub-
district varies from Major Warning, Warning, and
Advisory status. The tsunami hazard level is presented in
the Hazard Map with three color representations. Red
symbolizes Major Warning level status with the criteria
for a tsunami height exceeding 3 meters. Orange
symbolizes Warning level status with the criteria of a
tsunami height between 0.5 and 3 meters. Yellow
symbolizes the status of Advisory level with the criteria
of a tsunami height. less than 0.5 meter.
The Warning category includes several public tourist
areas scattered in Kalinaun, Marinsow, and Pulisan
villages. Meanwhile, several resorts need attention,
especially those included in the Major Warning area,
namely Bastianos Resort, Coral Eye, Sea Soul Dive, Blue
Bay, Murex, and Mimpi Indah.
Based on the combination of tsunami modeling results
and hazard level analysis, it can be seen that the coastal
area of Likupang is a tsunami-prone area with the
characteristics of a fast arrival time, relatively high
tsunami height, and wide inundation. This situation
makes Indonesia's tsunami information dissemination
system still ineffective considering the period required
and alternative access that can be relied on. Alternatives
proposed in the tsunami disaster mitigation plan in
several cases similar to the Likupang coastal area
include self-evacuation.
Self-evacuation is a form of evacuation that relies on a
quick response from the community in responding to
signs of a tsunami, especially those originating from
nature, such as a strong earthquake shaking for more
than 20 seconds, a sudden rise/decrease in sea level, as
well as sounds such as booms coming from the sea. The
community response expected from an independent
evacuation system is to recognize the signs of a tsunami
quickly, without direction from the local government,
and decide to evacuate by running away from the beach
or going up to the highlands. Meanwhile, residents who
are at sea can make decisions to sail towards the sea,
not towards the mainland.
IV. CONCLUSIONS
tsunami modeling in the coastal area of Likupang, North
Sulawesi, produce three main parameters: the arrival
time, height, and area of the tsunami inundation. The
fastest time of the arrival of the tsunami is the first
minute after the earthquake. The maximum tsunami
height generated by the modeling is 6.8 meters. The
largest area of immersion that tsunami waves can
achieve is 23.57 km2
. The majority of public tourist sites
are in the Warning status area, but some private resorts
are still in the area with the Major Warning status.
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