Tropical Rainforests Intro
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Tropical rainforests are located near the equator where the climate is hot with high rainfall throughout the year. They have several distinct layers of vegetation including an emergent canopy layer of tall trees, a continuous main canopy layer, and layers of understory trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants. The soil in rainforests is thin and nutrient-poor due to heavy leaching from the high rainfall. Rainforests are being destroyed at a rapid rate due to deforestation for logging, agriculture, and development which has negative consequences for global climate, biodiversity, and human communities.
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Deciduous forest PERIOD 5
Temperate deciduous forests are located in areas with moderate rainfall and temperatures around 50 degrees Fahrenheit, including parts of North America, Europe, Russia, China, and Japan. These forests have high biodiversity and various tree species that lose their leaves seasonally. Humans have significantly impacted deciduous forests through deforestation, agriculture, and urbanization, reducing forest coverage to about a third of its original extent. While more developed countries have enacted protections, less developed countries still lack resources to curb deforestation.
Sistema de costa bosque seco de guanica
The dry forest ecosystem of Guánica, Puerto Rico is home to over 700 plant species and valuable for its biodiversity and adaptations. It receives 24-43 inches of annual rainfall, but remains dry due to the rain shadow effect of surrounding mountains. Plants and animals in this ecosystem have evolved adaptations to survive the dry conditions, such as losing leaves during dry periods (caducity) and storing water in stems or leaves. The underground biomass also plays an important role in nutrient exchange and runoff absorption. The ecosystem is protected as a UNESCO biosphere reserve due to its exemplary species diversity and adaptations.
Desert Biomes
Slide show describing desert biomes, climate and soil characteristics, plant and animal adaptations as well as human impacts.
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An ecosystem is defined as all the living and nonliving things in an environment and how they interact. The document then describes 5 main types of ecosystems: tundra which has frozen ground all year; rainforests which can be tropical or temperate like those in the Pacific Northwest; deserts which are the driest with limited water supply; grasslands covered in grasses and receiving a medium amount of rain; and wetlands where the ground is covered in water for part of the year.
Ecosystem types
This document summarizes six major ecosystem types: forest, grassland, desert, tundra, freshwater, and marine. It provides 1-3 defining characteristics of each ecosystem type. Forest ecosystems have diverse flora and fauna, tall trees with dense foliage that can be deciduous, coniferous, or a mixture. Grasslands have a semi-arid climate with grasses and flowers, providing an ideal grazing environment. Deserts receive low precipitation, generally under 25cm/year, and have sparse or no vegetation. Tundra soils may remain frozen with lichens and small flowers in spring/summer under harsh cold climates. Freshwater ecosystems include stationary or flowing water and support more than just fish
Grassland Ecosystem
Grassland Ecosystem- As the name implies, grasslands are open spaces in which a variety of grasses grow, with only a few trees scattered near rivers and streams. The amount of annual rainfall influences the type of vegetation – not enough to support a forest but enough to prevent it from becoming a desert. Grasslands are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Grasslands are known in different regions of the world by different names – prairies, pampas, steppes, and savannah among others. They are divided into two types – Tropical and Temperate.
High latitude tundra PERIOD 3
The high latitude tundra biome is located in northern regions such as Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Siberia, and Russia. It has a very cold climate with short growing seasons and nutrient-poor soil. Typical vegetation includes bearberry, arctic moss, and pasque flowers. The tundra has some of the lowest productivity levels of any ecosystem due to its harsh climate and infertile soils, producing only 600 kilocalories per square meter per year. Primary succession occurs as glaciers recede, exposing bare rock that is slowly colonized by pioneer plants and mosses, building up soil over time. The main threats to tundra ecosystems are global warming, which could melt permafrost, and human activities
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Temperate deciduous forests are located in areas with moderate rainfall and temperatures around 50 degrees Fahrenheit, including parts of North America, Europe, Russia, China, and Japan. These forests have high biodiversity and various tree species that lose their leaves seasonally. Humans have significantly impacted deciduous forests through deforestation, agriculture, and urbanization, reducing forest coverage to about a third of its original extent. While more developed countries have enacted protections, less developed countries still lack resources to curb deforestation.
Sistema de costa bosque seco de guanica
The dry forest ecosystem of Guánica, Puerto Rico is home to over 700 plant species and valuable for its biodiversity and adaptations. It receives 24-43 inches of annual rainfall, but remains dry due to the rain shadow effect of surrounding mountains. Plants and animals in this ecosystem have evolved adaptations to survive the dry conditions, such as losing leaves during dry periods (caducity) and storing water in stems or leaves. The underground biomass also plays an important role in nutrient exchange and runoff absorption. The ecosystem is protected as a UNESCO biosphere reserve due to its exemplary species diversity and adaptations.
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This document summarizes six major ecosystem types: forest, grassland, desert, tundra, freshwater, and marine. It provides 1-3 defining characteristics of each ecosystem type. Forest ecosystems have diverse flora and fauna, tall trees with dense foliage that can be deciduous, coniferous, or a mixture. Grasslands have a semi-arid climate with grasses and flowers, providing an ideal grazing environment. Deserts receive low precipitation, generally under 25cm/year, and have sparse or no vegetation. Tundra soils may remain frozen with lichens and small flowers in spring/summer under harsh cold climates. Freshwater ecosystems include stationary or flowing water and support more than just fish
Grassland Ecosystem
Grassland Ecosystem- As the name implies, grasslands are open spaces in which a variety of grasses grow, with only a few trees scattered near rivers and streams. The amount of annual rainfall influences the type of vegetation – not enough to support a forest but enough to prevent it from becoming a desert. Grasslands are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Grasslands are known in different regions of the world by different names – prairies, pampas, steppes, and savannah among others. They are divided into two types – Tropical and Temperate.
High latitude tundra PERIOD 3
The high latitude tundra biome is located in northern regions such as Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Siberia, and Russia. It has a very cold climate with short growing seasons and nutrient-poor soil. Typical vegetation includes bearberry, arctic moss, and pasque flowers. The tundra has some of the lowest productivity levels of any ecosystem due to its harsh climate and infertile soils, producing only 600 kilocalories per square meter per year. Primary succession occurs as glaciers recede, exposing bare rock that is slowly colonized by pioneer plants and mosses, building up soil over time. The main threats to tundra ecosystems are global warming, which could melt permafrost, and human activities
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Forest Ecosystem
A forest ecosystem is defined as an interacting system formed by the biotic and abiotic factors in a forest region. The key components are plants and animals that depend on geographical features like climate, soil and terrain. There are several types of forests classified by leaf type and rainfall patterns - coniferous forests are found in cooler areas and have needle-like leaves, deciduous forests shed leaves seasonally, and evergreen forests retain leaves year-round. Forest ecosystems provide resources to humans but are threatened by deforestation, overexploitation, and habitat loss, so conservation efforts like protected areas and sustainable use are important to maintain balance.
Types of ecosystem
The document discusses different types of ecosystems. It describes three major classes of ecosystems: freshwater, terrestrial, and oceanic. Within terrestrial ecosystems, it outlines seven major biome types defined by factors like latitude, precipitation, and temperature. These biome types include tropical rainforests, savannas, deserts, temperate grasslands, deciduous forests, coniferous forests, and tundra. It also briefly outlines three ocean ecosystem types.
Desert ecosystem
Desert ecosystems receive very little rainfall and experience large temperature fluctuations between day and night. A desert ecosystem is defined by the interactions between plant and animal populations and the climate. Desert plants have adaptations like being succulent or having thickened stems and fleshy parts to store water, which helps them survive the extreme desert conditions with short growing seasons and long dormant periods. Cacti are an example of a succulent desert plant that stores water in its thick, fleshy stem.
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Temperate deciduous forest
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Temperate deciduous forest
The temperate deciduous forest biome is located in parts of eastern North America, Europe, eastern Australia, eastern China, Japan, Korea, and New Zealand. These forests have warm, wet summers between 20-25°C and cool, wet winters that remain slightly above or below freezing. Common plant species include American beech, lady fern, pecan, white birch, and white oak, while animal species include the American bald eagle, American black bear, duckbill platypus, white-tailed deer, fat dormouse, and least weasel. Invasive species such as the Asian gypsy moth and brown fir long-horned beetle threaten these forests. Succession patterns include primary succession
Deserts ecosystem
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Grassland ecosystem
This document summarizes different types of grassland ecosystems. It describes grasslands as areas dominated by grasses with some scattered trees and shrubs. The two main types are temperate grasslands and savannas. Temperate grasslands receive less rainfall than savannas and have richer soil. The document then discusses the climate, fauna, and locations of several grasslands in Pakistan, including the Deosai Plateau and areas around Babusar Pass and Minimerg valley. These grasslands support diverse wildlife such as bears, snow leopards, and ibex.
Desert Biome
This document discusses the different types of biomes including hot and dry deserts, semi-arid deserts, and coastal deserts. It provides details on the climate, temperature, soil, rainfall, vegetation, and animals commonly found in each desert type. Deserts cover about one fifth of the Earth's surface and occur where annual rainfall is less than 50 cm. They experience daily temperature extremes, low humidity, shallow rocky soils with good drainage, and specialized plants and animals adapted to the harsh conditions.
Deforestation
Deforestation is clearing forests on a large scale which damages the land. Each year, areas the size of Panama are lost. At the current rate, the world's rainforests could vanish within 100 years. Forests are cut down mainly for agriculture and logging, to provide more farmland and wood products. This leads to habitat loss, accelerated climate change, and increased greenhouse gases as trees that absorb carbon are removed. More sustainable forest management through reduced clear-cutting and increased replanting efforts could help address the problem.
Temperate grasslands PERIOD 4
Temperate grasslands are located between the Tropics and include prairies, steppes, and pampas. They have hot summers and cold winters with 10-35 inches of annual precipitation. The soil is nutrient-rich due to deep grass roots. Characteristic plants include grasses like needlegrass and foxtail grass that support herbivores like bison and deer, which are preyed on by carnivores like cheetahs and badgers. Humans have converted much of the land to agriculture, damaging the ecosystem, but conservation efforts include restricting development and restoring degraded areas.
Rain forest and golbal warming
Rainforests are dense jungles that receive high amounts of rainfall, sometimes over 33 feet annually. They are home to the richest biodiversity in the world and are scattered around the globe in locations like the Amazon, Daintree, Alaska, Congo, and Southeast Asia. Rainforests are important because they produce oxygen, house much of the world's species, help regulate the climate by preventing global warming, and protect against soil erosion, floods, and droughts. Deforestation contributes to global warming by releasing the carbon stored in trees. The fires currently devastating the Amazon are depleting this important carbon sink and releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Desert ecosystem ap
The document discusses key aspects of desert ecosystems. It notes that deserts have a very dry and warm climate with little rainfall, and some can exceed 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Deserts are typically located within 30 degrees of latitude and include locations in mountains and California's Mojave Desert. The animals that live in deserts, such as camels, lizards, rattlesnakes, and kangaroo rats, have adapted to survive the hot weather conditions. Desert plants like cacti, saguaro, and creosote bushes are also adapted to the hot, dry climate and do not require much water.
The everglades PERIOD 3
The Everglades is a biome located in South Florida consisting of deciduous forest and grasslands. It has an average temperature of 53-77F and receives 54 inches of rainfall annually. The Everglades is home to many species like the Florida panther, American alligator, and West Indian manatee. However, human activity like draining water for agriculture has severely damaged the ecosystem, reducing its size by half and altering water flows and quality. The government is working to restore the Everglades through billions in funding and laws aimed at preserving the remaining areas and reconstructing the natural hydrology.
Ecosystems and biomes
This document provides information about different ecosystems and biomes. It defines an ecosystem as the interactions between living and nonliving things in a place, and a biome as a large region with similar climate and organisms. It then describes several major biomes in more detail, including tundra, temperate forest, tropical rainforest, desert, savanna, grassland, and chaparral. Each biome section provides examples of characteristic plants, animals, climates, and locations.
TYPES OF ECOSYSTEM
TYPES: Forest ecosystem
Desert ecosystem
Grassland ecosystem
Aquatic ecosystem
FOREST ECOSYSTEM
A forest ecosystem is the one in which a tall and trees grow that support many
animals and birds. The forest are found in undisturbed areas receiving
moderate to hi rainfall. The forest occupies nearly 40%
of the world’s land area. In India it occupies only 19% of its total land area.
GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM.
Grassland occupies about 20% of earth’s surface addition to grass
species, some trees and shrubs are/also pre in grasslands. Limited
grazing helps to improve the net primary production of the grasslands.
But, overgrazing leads degradation of these grasslands resulting in desertification
DESERT. ECOSYSTEMS
Desert occupies about 35% of our world’s land area. It is
characterized by less than 25 cm rainfall. The atmosphere is dry and hence it is a poor insulator .
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
The aquatic ecosystem deals with water bodies. The major types
of organism found in aquatic environments are determined by the water’s salinity.
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The living world revision guide
This document provides information about different ecosystems around the world, including cold environments, tropical rainforests, and the Amazon rainforest. It discusses the key components of ecosystems like producers, consumers, and decomposers. Regarding tropical rainforests, it describes their structure, climate, soils, plant and animal adaptations, and importance. For the Amazon, it outlines causes of deforestation like cattle ranching, impacts such as loss of biodiversity and soil erosion, and approaches to sustainable management including REDD+ programs and government schemes.
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A forest ecosystem is defined as an interacting system formed by the biotic and abiotic factors in a forest region. The key components are plants and animals that depend on geographical features like climate, soil and terrain. There are several types of forests classified by leaf type and rainfall patterns - coniferous forests are found in cooler areas and have needle-like leaves, deciduous forests shed leaves seasonally, and evergreen forests retain leaves year-round. Forest ecosystems provide resources to humans but are threatened by deforestation, overexploitation, and habitat loss, so conservation efforts like protected areas and sustainable use are important to maintain balance.
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There are five main types of ecosystems: forest, grassland, desert, aquatic, and estuarine. Forest ecosystems can be categorized as tropical rainforests, tropical deciduous forests, temperate rainforests, etc. depending on climate. They contain a variety of plant and animal species in complex communities. Grasslands receive enough rainfall for grasses but not trees and are used for grazing livestock. Deserts receive very little rainfall and have adaptations like wax coatings and long roots to reduce water loss.
Temperate deciduous forest
Temperate deciduous forests are characterized by trees that lose their leaves seasonally. Common trees include birch and oak, while animals include chipmunks, deer, and coyotes. These forests experience distinct seasons and are found worldwide. Pollution can accumulate in these ecosystems. Invasive species like the citrus long-horned beetle from Asia damage trees. Energy flows from plants and smaller prey eaten by larger predators like bears and cougars. Biotic relationships include mutualism between blackberry bushes and bees, commensalism between chipmunks and trees, and parasitism like bears eating fish. Succession occurs naturally after disturbances through regrowth from seeds and stumps. Predator-prey interactions include
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Temperate deciduous forest
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This document discusses the different types of biomes including hot and dry deserts, semi-arid deserts, and coastal deserts. It provides details on the climate, temperature, soil, rainfall, vegetation, and animals commonly found in each desert type. Deserts cover about one fifth of the Earth's surface and occur where annual rainfall is less than 50 cm. They experience daily temperature extremes, low humidity, shallow rocky soils with good drainage, and specialized plants and animals adapted to the harsh conditions.
Deforestation
Deforestation is clearing forests on a large scale which damages the land. Each year, areas the size of Panama are lost. At the current rate, the world's rainforests could vanish within 100 years. Forests are cut down mainly for agriculture and logging, to provide more farmland and wood products. This leads to habitat loss, accelerated climate change, and increased greenhouse gases as trees that absorb carbon are removed. More sustainable forest management through reduced clear-cutting and increased replanting efforts could help address the problem.
Temperate grasslands PERIOD 4
Temperate grasslands are located between the Tropics and include prairies, steppes, and pampas. They have hot summers and cold winters with 10-35 inches of annual precipitation. The soil is nutrient-rich due to deep grass roots. Characteristic plants include grasses like needlegrass and foxtail grass that support herbivores like bison and deer, which are preyed on by carnivores like cheetahs and badgers. Humans have converted much of the land to agriculture, damaging the ecosystem, but conservation efforts include restricting development and restoring degraded areas.
Rain forest and golbal warming
Rainforests are dense jungles that receive high amounts of rainfall, sometimes over 33 feet annually. They are home to the richest biodiversity in the world and are scattered around the globe in locations like the Amazon, Daintree, Alaska, Congo, and Southeast Asia. Rainforests are important because they produce oxygen, house much of the world's species, help regulate the climate by preventing global warming, and protect against soil erosion, floods, and droughts. Deforestation contributes to global warming by releasing the carbon stored in trees. The fires currently devastating the Amazon are depleting this important carbon sink and releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Desert ecosystem ap
The document discusses key aspects of desert ecosystems. It notes that deserts have a very dry and warm climate with little rainfall, and some can exceed 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Deserts are typically located within 30 degrees of latitude and include locations in mountains and California's Mojave Desert. The animals that live in deserts, such as camels, lizards, rattlesnakes, and kangaroo rats, have adapted to survive the hot weather conditions. Desert plants like cacti, saguaro, and creosote bushes are also adapted to the hot, dry climate and do not require much water.
The everglades PERIOD 3
The Everglades is a biome located in South Florida consisting of deciduous forest and grasslands. It has an average temperature of 53-77F and receives 54 inches of rainfall annually. The Everglades is home to many species like the Florida panther, American alligator, and West Indian manatee. However, human activity like draining water for agriculture has severely damaged the ecosystem, reducing its size by half and altering water flows and quality. The government is working to restore the Everglades through billions in funding and laws aimed at preserving the remaining areas and reconstructing the natural hydrology.
Ecosystems and biomes
This document provides information about different ecosystems and biomes. It defines an ecosystem as the interactions between living and nonliving things in a place, and a biome as a large region with similar climate and organisms. It then describes several major biomes in more detail, including tundra, temperate forest, tropical rainforest, desert, savanna, grassland, and chaparral. Each biome section provides examples of characteristic plants, animals, climates, and locations.
TYPES OF ECOSYSTEM
TYPES: Forest ecosystem
Desert ecosystem
Grassland ecosystem
Aquatic ecosystem
FOREST ECOSYSTEM
A forest ecosystem is the one in which a tall and trees grow that support many
animals and birds. The forest are found in undisturbed areas receiving
moderate to hi rainfall. The forest occupies nearly 40%
of the world’s land area. In India it occupies only 19% of its total land area.
GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM.
Grassland occupies about 20% of earth’s surface addition to grass
species, some trees and shrubs are/also pre in grasslands. Limited
grazing helps to improve the net primary production of the grasslands.
But, overgrazing leads degradation of these grasslands resulting in desertification
DESERT. ECOSYSTEMS
Desert occupies about 35% of our world’s land area. It is
characterized by less than 25 cm rainfall. The atmosphere is dry and hence it is a poor insulator .
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
The aquatic ecosystem deals with water bodies. The major types
of organism found in aquatic environments are determined by the water’s salinity.
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The document discusses various types of ecosystems around the world and how human activity affects ecosystems. It describes ecosystems as communities of living and non-living things linked together, and provides examples of different ecosystems like tropical rainforests, grasslands, and deserts. It also discusses how human actions like deforestation, agriculture, urbanization, and pollution can disrupt ecosystem cycles and balances, leading to issues like floods, erosion, and global warming.
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This document provides information about different ecosystems around the world, including cold environments, tropical rainforests, and the Amazon rainforest. It discusses the key components of ecosystems like producers, consumers, and decomposers. Regarding tropical rainforests, it describes their structure, climate, soils, plant and animal adaptations, and importance. For the Amazon, it outlines causes of deforestation like cattle ranching, impacts such as loss of biodiversity and soil erosion, and approaches to sustainable management including REDD+ programs and government schemes.
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This document summarizes key aspects of tropical rainforests, including their location, climate characteristics, soil type, vegetation layers, threats, and causes of deforestation. Tropical rainforests are located between 5-10 degrees north and south of the equator in countries like Brazil, Indonesia, and the Amazon Basin. They have high temperatures, rainfall, and humidity that support the growth of deep, nutrient-poor soils and several vegetation layers ranging from emergent trees to an understory. Common threats include slash-and-burn agriculture, fires, logging, cattle ranching, and agriculture which have significantly reduced tropical rainforest coverage due to unsustainable practices.
Powerpoint presentation notes
Deforestation is the permanent destruction of indigenous forests and woodlands for purposes like agriculture, cattle ranching, and logging. It has resulted in forests covering only 21% of the Earth's land surface today, down from four-fifths of their original area. Deforestation occurs through conversion of forest land to agricultural uses and cash crops, commercial logging, and cutting trees for firewood. It has significant consequences like disrupting the carbon and water cycles and increasing CO2 emissions, potentially altering the global climate. It also contributes to issues like soil erosion, species extinction, and desertification.
Powerpoint presentation notes
Deforestation is the permanent destruction of indigenous forests and woodlands for purposes like agriculture, cattle ranching, and logging. It has resulted in forests covering only 21% of the Earth's land surface today, down from four-fifths of their original area. Deforestation occurs through conversion of forest land to agricultural uses and cash crops, commercial logging, and felling trees for firewood. It has significant consequences like disrupting the carbon and water cycles and increasing CO2 emissions, potentially leading to climate change effects like warmer temperatures and drier conditions in some regions. It also contributes to problems like soil erosion, species extinction, and desertification.
9th forestry and natural resources
This document discusses natural resources and their management. It defines natural resources as things that can be used to perform useful functions, categorizing them as non-exhaustible, renewable, or exhaustible. Soil and water are identified as exhaustible resources that are foundations of life. The document outlines best practices for soil and water conservation, including mulching, no-till farming, and terracing. It also discusses the importance of forestry for providing wood, habitat, air/water filtration, recreation, and more. Major wildlife species in Arkansas and recreational uses of natural resources are listed.
Rainforests
Distribution of rainforests
Rainforest climate
Rainforest structure
How have rainforests adapted to the climate?
Why are rainforests importanat?
Causes of deforestation
Impacts of deforestation
How can the rainforests be managed for sustainable development?
Chapt05 lecture
This document provides an outline of biomes and ecosystems around the world, including terrestrial biomes like rainforests, deserts, grasslands, and forests, as well as marine ecosystems from the open ocean to coastal areas. It also discusses freshwater ecosystems like lakes and wetlands, and notes several human impacts such as habitat loss, pollution, and climate change that are threatening biodiversity.
15 Chapter
The document summarizes different types of ecosystems including aquatic ecosystems. It discusses succession and climax communities in ecosystems and describes various biomes like tundra, taiga, temperate forests, tropical rainforests, grasslands, and deserts. It also covers freshwater ecosystems like rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, and wetlands as well as saltwater ecosystems including open oceans, coral reefs, seashores, and estuaries.
Deforestation dimitar d, simona, veselin
The document discusses deforestation, specifically in the Amazon rainforest. It notes that the largest drivers of Amazon deforestation are cattle ranching, accounting for about one-third, and other economic activities like infrastructure development, logging, and commercial agriculture, accounting for about two-thirds. Deforestation in the Amazon provides land for cattle pastures and crops but damages the environment by reducing biodiversity and contributing to climate change.
Rainforests Lesson 1&2
The document provides information about the characteristics and structure of tropical rainforests, including high temperatures, rainfall, and vegetation adaptations. It notes that rainforests have tall trees with canopies and few lower branches, allowing them to efficiently collect sunlight. The floor contains ferns and the soil is deep and prone to leaching. Deforestation of rainforests like the Amazon is removing an important source of the world's oxygen and contributing to climate change.
Land ecosystems and ecological succession (revised)
The document provides information on the history and environmental degradation of Hispaniola island. It describes how following European colonization in the 15th century, the indigenous population declined drastically due to disease and harsh working conditions, and the island became populated by African slaves and Spanish colonists. Cash crops like sugar cane and coffee were grown, resulting in most of the native forest being cleared for agriculture. The land was eventually overfarmed and degraded. Today, only 2% of the original forest remains, leaving the country vulnerable to flooding and erosion.
Copy of Unit 6 Notes 1_ Climate_Biomes_Energy (1).pptx
Soil is important as it provides nutrients for plant growth, acts as a habitat for many organisms, and stores water for plants. Soil quality depends on factors like its nutrient content, texture, and ability to retain water. Threats to soil include erosion from overgrazing, poor farming practices, and damage from human activities, which can lead to soil degradation and loss of fertile land. Conservation methods aim to protect soil quality and prevent erosion, such as contour plowing, terracing, no-till farming, crop rotation, use of windbreaks, and controlling water runoff. The type of soil that forms is influenced by properties of the parent rock material and climatic factors like temperature and precipitation.
Rainforest biome and its characteristics
The document discusses the characteristics and importance of rainforests and how climate change impacts tropical forests. It outlines that rainforests have high precipitation, warm climates between the tropics, distinct canopy layers, and high biodiversity. Tropical forests store a large amount of the world's carbon and help regulate climate. Climate change is expected to significantly impact tropical forests through changes in weather patterns, temperature, rainfall and sea level rise. This could damage many tropical forest ecosystems.
Ch 5 ed
Terrestrial biomes are areas sharing similar climate, topography, and soil conditions that support characteristic biological communities. The major terrestrial biomes include tropical rainforests, tropical savannas, deserts, grasslands, Mediterranean shrublands, deciduous forests, coniferous forests, tundra, and wetlands. Marine ecosystems include open ocean, coastal zones like coral reefs and estuaries, and tidal environments. Humans have significantly disturbed many ecosystems through habitat conversion, pollution, and overexploitation of resources.
Ch 5 ed
Terrestrial biomes are areas sharing similar climate, topography, and soil conditions that support characteristic biological communities. The major terrestrial biomes include tropical rainforests, tropical savannas, deserts, grasslands, temperate forests, boreal forests, and tundra. Human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, agriculture, and urbanization have significantly disturbed many biomes and are the primary cause of biodiversity loss globally.
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TROPICAL RAINFORESTS. DEFORESTATION ON THE AMAZON
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TROPICAL RAINFORESTS. DEFORESTATION ON THE AMAZON. It contains: tropical rainforests, average rainfall in Brazil, rainforest ecosystems, disadvantages of human intervention, rainforest water cycle, rainforest nutrient cycle, rainforest soils, vegetation layers, fan palms, buttress roots, lianas, strangler figs, case study, humans and the Amazon.
Rainforest biomes and characteristic
Rainforest biomes are characterized by high rainfall, warm temperatures, and rich biodiversity. They receive between 80-430 inches of rain annually and are located near the equator where temperatures range from 72-93 degrees Fahrenheit. This allows them to support numerous species - for example, a single hectare can contain over 480 tree species. Rainforests also have a distinct four layer canopy structure with the emergent, canopy, understory, and forest floor layers. They play an important role in regulating climate by absorbing carbon, releasing water vapor, and reducing temperatures.
Rainforests
The tropical rainforest is a unique ecosystem with constant high temperatures and rainfall. This creates a unique water and nutrient cycle. However, rainforests are threatened by human expansion and activities like agriculture, mining, and infrastructure development which can lead to deforestation and environmental degradation. While these activities may provide short-term economic benefits, they often come at the cost of significant environmental damage and loss of biodiversity.
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Land ecosystems and ecological succession (revised)
Land ecosystems and ecological succession (revised)
Copy of Unit 6 Notes 1_ Climate_Biomes_Energy (1).pptx
Copy of Unit 6 Notes 1_ Climate_Biomes_Energy (1).pptx
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TROPICAL RAINFORESTS. DEFORESTATION ON THE AMAZON
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TROPICAL RAINFORESTS. DEFORESTATION ON THE AMAZON
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Tropical Rainforests Intro
- 1. Tropical Rainforests Characteristic features Vegetation adaptations to climate Soils
- 2. Location of tropical rainforests Task – describe the location of the rainforests
- 3. Thick waxy drip tip leaves which water runs off Buttress roots to support tall trees Grow tall to reach the sunlight Hot – high solar intensity, monthly average above 27 º Rainfall is high above 2000mm per year Climate & vegetation adaptations Immense number of plants Shallow roots run sideways below the ground surface Humid
- 4. 5. Herb layer with ferns 6m or more high 1. Discontinuous canopy of tree crowns of the tallest trees called emergents 2. Continuous layer of the main canopy formed by the crown of many tall trees 5 distinct layers in the rainforest 3. Discontinuous under canopy of trees between 10m & 20m high 4. Layer of shrubs & young trees
- 5. Dominant process is leaching Rainfall moves through the soil washing down soluble minerals which collect at lower levels Soil over time loses its fertility Thin humus layer
- 7. Results of these Pressures Every second the planet loses another two football fields of its Rainforests Forest destruction accelerates global warming
- 8. How Rainforest Destruction effects all of us... 1) By cutting down trees, the world loses 1/3 of its oxygen supply, and ¼ of its fresh water supply, which is stored in the Amazon Basin. 2) Less trees = less water vapour (through transpiration) = less rain = rainforests start to turn into deserts = the species either learn to adapt or die out trying. 3) Burning trees also = releasing excess CO2 = the greenhouse effects = global warming = adverse climate changes worldwide.