The document discusses the anatomy of neck triangles and common swellings found within each triangle. It describes the boundaries and contents of the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck, which are divided by the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The anterior triangle is further subdivided into the submental, digastric, muscular, and carotid triangles. Common solid and cystic swellings that may appear in each triangle are outlined, including enlarged lymph nodes, tumors, cysts, abscesses, and salivary gland enlargement. The diagnosis of neck masses depends on factors like age, location, consistency, and clinical course.

1. Mohamed abozeid
A resident doctor
in the department of
vascular surgery and
interventional treatment,
Faculty of medicine,Alazhar university

2. Trminology.
.Classical Anatomy
Borders&Contents of triangles.
.DD of swellings raise from triangles
DD of swellings appear in the middle line of the neck.
CONCLOSION

3. Anatomists use the term triangles of the neck to
describe the divisions created by the major muscles in
the region. All devisings like triangle.

4. The side of the neck presents a somewhat
quadrilateral outline, limited.
Above, by the lower border of the body of the
mandible, and an imaginary line extending from the
angle of the mandible to the mastoid process;
Below, by the upper border of the clavicle; in
front, by the middle line of the neck; behind, by the
anterior margin of the trapezius

6. Two large triangles by sternocleidomastoid, which
passes obliquely across the neck, from the sternum and
clavicle below, to the mastoid process and occipital bone
above.
The triangular space in front of this muscle is called
the anterior triangle of the neck; and that behind it, the
posterior triangle of the neck..
The anterior triangle is subdivide into submental,
digastric, muscular and carotid triangle while
the posterior triangle is subdivided into occipital and
supraclavicular triangle

8. Posterior Triangle
Anterior : Posterior border of the sternocleidomastoideus
Posterior: Anterior border of the trapezius
Base : the clavicle
Roof : skin,superficial fascia contains platysma and deep fascia
Floor : muscles:levator scapulae &scalenousmedius

10. Anterior Triangle
Anterior : midline of the neck Base: lower border of midline
Posterior : anterior border of sternomastoid muscle
Sub divisions : The digastric ms and superior belly of digastric ms divide
the anterior triangle into;
1- Submental triangle
2-Digastric triangle
3-Muscular triangle
4-Carotid triangle

12. 1-Submental Triangle
o Apex : symphysismenti
o base : by the body of the hyoid bone.
o Floor: is formed by mylohyoideus
Contents:-
o Sub-mental lymph nodes.
o Some small veins which unit to form the anterior jagular vein.

13. 2.Digasrtic Triangle
Above : by the lower border of the body of the mandible
Below : 2 belles of digastric muscle
Floor :formed by the Mylohyoideus anteriorly, and by the hyoglossus posteriorly.
submandibular lymph nodes
submandibular salivary gland
Contents:-

14. 3-Carotid Triangle
Superiorly : posterior belly of digastric.
.Inferiorly : superior belly of omohyoid
.Posteriorly: anterior border of sternomastoid
4.Muscular Triangle
Anterior : midline of the neck .
.Posterior : superior belly of omhyoid
.Postero-inferiorly : anterior border of sternomastoid
Floor Muscles : infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles) Sternomastoid,
.sternothyroid & thyrohyoid muscles

16. Posterior Triangle
Solid Swellings
1-Cervical rib.
2-Sternomastoid tumor
3-Neurofibroma arising from brachial plexus.
4-Enlarged L.Ns.
Cystic Swellings
1-Cold abscess.
2-Pharyngeal diverticulum.
3-Cystic hygroma
4-Pneumatocele

17. pharyngeal diverticulam
Cervical rib
cystic hygroma

18. 1-submental Triangle
Enlarged Submental lymph
nodes
Sub-lingual lymph nodes
2-Digasrtic Triangle
Enlarged submandibular lymph nodes
Enlarged submandibular salivary gland
3-Carotid Triangle
Solid swellings
Enlarged upper deep cervical L.Ns.
Enlarged upper part of lateral lobe of a
goiter.
CAROTID BODY TUMOR (Potato tumor).
Cystic swellings
Cold abscess at upper deep cervical lymph
nodes
Branchial cyst
Aneurysm of carotid body
4-Muscular Triangle
Enlarged thyroid gland

19. salivary gland enlargement

20. carotid body tumor

21. cold abscess

22. branchial cyst

23. single nodular goiter

24. shows shadow of RSG

25. thyrotoxicosis

26. (A) Solid swelling
1. Sub-mental L.N enlargment
2. Pretracheal&prelaryngeal L.N enlargement
3. Nodules in the isthmusof the thyroid gland
(B) cystic swelling
1. cold abcess
2. Thyroglossal cyst
3. Subhyoid bursitis
4. Suprasternal bursitis
5. Laryngocel
6. Dermoid cyst

27. Thyroglossal cyst moves

28. dermoid cyst

29. The diagnosis of a mass in the neck, depends upon the age of the
patient, clinical course of the mass, its site & its consistency whether solid or cystic.
The most common swellings of neck are L.Ns &thyroid gland.
The 2nd common swelling of neck is salivary glands.